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GOWANS' 



BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA. 




"Tliy fathers went down into Egypt with three score and ten 
persons, and now the Lord thy God hath made thee as the stars of 
heaven for multitude." Moses. 

" Two things are to be considered in writing history, truth and 
elocution, for in truth consisteth the soul, and in elociition the body 
of history ; the latter ^^^thout the former, is but a picture of history ; 
the former without the latter, unapt to instruct. The principle and 
proper work of history, being to instruct, and enable men by their 
knowledge of actions past, to bear themselves prudently in the 
present, and providently towards the future." T. Hobbes. 




NEW YORK: 
WILLIAM GOWANS. 

1869. 



64 Copies printed on large paper 4to. 



OHAEAOTEE OF THE PEOVIKOE 



MARYLAND. 

DESCRIBED IN FOUR DISTINCT PARTS. 



A SMALL TREATISE ON THE WILD AND NAKED INDIANS (OR 

SUSQUEHANOKES) OF MARYLAND, THEIR CUSTOMS, 

MANNERS, ABSURDITIES, AND RELIGION. 

TOGETHER WITH 

A COLLECTION OF HISTORICAL LETTERS. 



GEORGE ALSOP. 

A NEW EDITION WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND COPIOUS 
HISTORICAL NOTES. 

By JOHN aiLMARY SHEA, LL.D., 

MEMBER OF THE NEW TORE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 

Our western world, with all its matchless floods. 

Our cast traiisparfut lah s uml ijouudliss woods,, 

Stamiiiil irith flu tniit'< (if DKij, .sti/ siililime, 

Unhnnon '/ )r,eii thr sit, „t laji^^, ,,/ Ihiie, 

Spread their iri/if //ni/n/, nr in ilu unconscimis sky, 

Jn sweetest seasons jiu.ss unln , iti d tiy ; 

While scarce oiu' nms, ninnis Uw sonqs they gave, 

Or seeks to snatch their glories from the grave. 

Alexander Wilson, The Ornithologist. 
The greater part of the magmficent covntnes emt of the Alleghames is in a high 
state ff '•ultiralion and coiininn'/id jirnsjn rih/. ii'illi ntttural (idraiifarii s not xiir- 
passed in nnij conntni. A(diiri , /nin'i / . /■. s/i/f innintii'inx In r sinui in so/in- poiix. 
especially >vher</dnc-barnn.< imd sn'mn/ix jir, ruit. Tin itrrilonj (f tin t'nitid 
States covers an area of 2,9(lH,fltii; xt/nnri inihs. ohinit on, -liolf (f n'hi'rh is <-(iimlili 
of producing everything that is ns.fiil in nian. Iml imt nni'rr 'than a tuu nti/-s?.iih 
part of it has been cleared. Tin diniaJe is gun, /ally Ittalthy, the soil 'fertile, 
abounding in mineral treasures, and it possesses every advantage from navigable 
7-ivers and excellent Mrbors Mrs. Somerville. 




NEW YORK: 
WILLIAM GOWANS 

1869. 



5 



Not entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1869, by 

W. GOWANS, 

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the 
Southern District of New York. 



J. MUNSKLL, PRINTER, 
ALBANY. 



^^\^ 



DEDICATED 



THE MEMORY 



LORD BALTIMORE. 



^ntt; 



ADVERTISEMENT. 



The subscriber announces to the public, that he intends publishing 
a series of works, relating to the history, literature, biography, 
antiquities and curiosities of the Continent of America. To be 
entitled 

GOWANS' BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA. 

The books to form this collection, will chiefly consist of re- 
prints from old and scarce works, difficult to be produced in this 
country, and often also of very rare occurrence in Europe; occa- 
sionally an original work will be introduced into the series, de- 
signed to throw light upon some obscure point of American 
history, or to elucidate the biography of some of the distin- 
guished men of our land. Faithful reprints of every work 
published will be given to the public; nothing will be added, 
except in the way of notes, or introduction, which will be pre- 
sented entirely distinct from the body of the work. They will 
be brought out in the best style, both as to type, press work and 
paper, and in such a manner as to make them well worthy a place 
in any gentleman's library. 

A part will appear about once in every six months, or oftener, 
if the public taste demand it; each part forming an entire work, 
either an original production, or a reprint of some valuable, and 
at the same time scarce tract. From eight or twelve parts will 
form a handsome octavo volume, which the publisher is well 
assured, will be esteemed entitled to a high rank in every collec- 
tion of American history and literature. 

Should reasonable encouragement be given, the whole collection 
may in the course of no long period of time become not less 
voluminous, and quite as valuable to the student in American 
history, as the celebrated Harleian Miscellany is now to the student 
and lover of British historical antiquities. 

W. GOWANS, Publisher. 



INTRODUCTION. 



George Alsop, the author of this curious tract, was born 
according to the inscription on his portrait, in 1638. He 
served a two years' apprenticeship to some trade "in 
London, but seems to have been wild enough. His 
portrait and his language alike bespeak the rollicking 
roysterer of the days of the restoration, thoroughly 
familiar with all the less reputable haunts of London. 
He expresses a hearty contempt for Cromwell and his 
party, and it may be that the fate which confined him to 
a four years' servitude in Maryland was an order of trans- 
portation issued in the name of the commonwealth of 
England. He speaks disdainfully of the "mighty low 
and distracted life" of such as could not pay their passage, 
then, according to Leah and Bachel (p. 14), generally 
six pounds, as though want of money was not in his case 
the cause of his emigrating from England. He gives the 
letters he wrote to his family and friends on starting, but 
omits the date, although from allusions to the death of 
Cromwell in a letter dated at Gravesend, September 7th, 
he evidently sailed in 1658, the protector having died on 
the 3d of September in that year. 

In Maryland he fell to the lot of Thomas Stockett, Esq., 
one of three brothers who came to Maryland in 1658, 

2 417 



10 INTRODUCTION. 



perhaps at the same time as Alsop, and settled originally 
it would seem in Baltimore county. It was on this estate 
that Alsop spent the four years which enabled him to 
write the following tract. He speaks highly of his treat- 
ment and the abundance that reigned in the Stockett 
mansion. 

Alsop's book appeared in 1666. One of the laudatory 
verses that preface it is dated January, 1665 (|), and as it 
would appear that he did not remain in Maryland after 
the expiration of his four years, except perhaps for a short 
time in consequence of a fit of sickness to which he 
alludes, he probably returned to London to resume his 
old career. 

Of his subsequent life nothing is known, and though 

'^ Allison ascribes to him a volume of Sermons, we may 

safely express our grave doubts whether the author of 

this tract can be suspected of anything of the kind. 

\ The book, written in a most extravagant style, contains 

\ no facts as to the stirring events in Maryland history 

/ which preceded its date, and in view, doubtless, of the 

still exasperated state of public feeling, seems to have 

studiously avoided all allusion to so unattractive a subject. 

As an historical tract it derives its chief value from the 

portion which comprises its Relation of the Susquehanna 

Indians. 

The object for which the tract was issued seems evident. 
It was designed to stimulate emigration to Maryland, and 
is written in a vulgar style to suit the class it was to reach. 
"While from its dedication to Lord Baltimore, and the 
merchant adventurers, we may infer that it was paid for 
by them, in order to encourage emigration, especially of 
redemptioners. 

418 



INTRODUCTION. 11 

Much of the early emigration to America was effected 
by what was called the redemption system. Under this, 
one disposed to emigrate, but unable to raise the £6, 
entered into a contract in the following form, with a 
merchant adventurer, ship owner or ship master, and 
occasionally with a gentleman emigrant of means, under 
which the latter gave him his passage and supplies: 



The Forme of Binding a Servant. 

[From A Relation of Maryland, &c., 1035.] 

This indenture made the day of in the yeere 

of our Soveraigne Lord King Charles &c betweene of the 

one party, and on the other party, Witnesseth that the 

said doth hereby covenant, promise .and grant, to and 

with, the said his Executors and Assignes, to serve him 

from the day of the date hereof, vntill his first and next arrivall in 

Maryland, and after for and during the tearme of yeeres, in 

such service and employment as the said or his assignes 

shall there employ him, according to the custome of the countrey in 

the like kind. In consideration whereof, the said doth 

promise and grant, to and with the said to pay for his 

passing and to find him with Meat, Drinke, Apparell and Lodging, 
with other necessaries during the said terme ; and at the end of the 
said terme, to give him one whole yeeres provision of Come and 
fifty acres of Land, according to the order of the countrey. In 

witnesse whereof, the said hath hereunto put his hand 

and scale the day and yeere above written. 
Sealed and delivered ) 
in the presence of J 

The term of service, at first limited to five years [Rela- 
iion of 31aryland, 1635, p. 63), was subsequently reduced 
to four (Act of 1638, &c.), and so remained into the next 

419 



12 INTRODUCTION. 

century (Act of April, 1715). Thus a woman in the Sot 
Weed Factor, after speaking of her life in England, says : 

Not theij a slave for twice two year, 

My cloaths were fashionably new, 

Nor were my shifts of liunen Blue ; 

But things are changed; now at the Hoe, 

I daily work and Barefoot go, 

In weeding Corn or feeding Swine, 

I spend my melancholy Time. 

Disputes arose as to the time when the term began, and 
it was finally fixed at the anchoring of the vessel in the 
province, but not more than fourteen days were to be 
allowed for anchoring after they passed the Capes (Act of 
1715). "When these agreements were made with the mer- 
chant adventurer, ship owner or ship captain, the servants 
were sold at auctions, which were conducted on the prin- 
ciple of our tax sales, the condition being the payment of 
the advances, and the bidding being for the term of 
service, descending from the legal limit according to his 
supposed value as a mechanic or hand, the best man being 
taken for the shortest term. Where the emigrants made 
their agreement with the gentleman emigrant, they pro- 
ceeded at once to the land he took up, and in the name of 
the servant the planter took up at least one hundred acres 
of land, fifty of which, under the agreement, he conveyed 
to the servant at the expiration of his term of service. 

Alsop seems to have made an agreement, perhaps on 
the voyage, with Thomas Stockett, Esq., as his first letter 
from America mentions his being in the service of that 
gentleman. His last letter is dated at Gravesend, the 7th 
of September, and his first in Maryland January 17 (1659), 
making a voyage of four months, which he loosely calls 
five, and describes as "a blowing and dangerous passage." 

430 



INTRODUCTION. 13 

Through the kindness of George Lynn Lachlin Davis, 
Esq., I have been enabled to obtain from J. Shaaf Stockett, 
Esq., a descendant of Captain Stockett, some details as to 
his ancestor, the master of our author, during his four 
years' servitude, which was not very grievous to him, for 
he says, " had I known my yoak would have been so 
easie (as 1 conceive it will) I would have been here long 
before now, rather than to have dwelt under the pressure 
of a Rebellious and Trayterous government so long as I 
did." 

A manuscript statement made some years later by one 
Joseph Tilly, states : "About or in y* year of o"" Lord 1667 
or 8 I became acquainted w"" 4 Gent" y' were brethren & 
then dwellers here iu Maryland the elder of them went by 
y* name of Coll" Lewis Stockett & y* second by y' name 
of Capt" Thomas Stockett, y* third was Docf Francis 
Stockett & y* Fourth Brother was M' Henry Stockett. 
These men were but y° newly seated or seating in Anne 
Arunndell County & they had much business w^ the Lord 
Baltimore then pp^'"' of y' Provinces, my house standing 
convenient they were often entertained there : they told 
mee y* they were Kentish men or Men of Kent & y* for 
that they had been concerned for King Charles y* first, 
were out of favour w"* y^ following Governm' they Mort- 
gaged a Good an estate to follow King Charles the second 
in his exile & at their Return they had not money to 
redeem their mortgage, w'='' was y* cause of their coming 
hither. Joseph Tilly." 

Of the brothers, who are said to have arrived in the 
spring or summer of 1658, only Captain Thomas Stockett 
remained in Maryland, the others having, according to 
family tradition, returned to England. As stated in the 

421 



14 INTRODUCTION. 



document just given, they settled in Anne Arundell 
county, and on the 19th of July, 1669, " Obligation," a 
tract of 664 acres of laud was patented to Captain Thomas 
Stockett, and a part still after the lapse of nearly two 
centuries remains in the family, being owned by Frank H. 
Stockett, Esq., of the Annapolis bar. 

By his wife Mary ( Wells it is supposed). Captain Thomas 
Stockett had one son, Thomas, born April 17, 1667, from 
whose marriage with Mary, daughter of Thomas Sprigg, 
of West River, gentleman (March 12, 1689), and subse- 
quent marriage with Damarris Welch, the Stocketts of 
Maryland, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, New York and ISTew 
Jersey are descended. 

The arms of this branch, as given in the family archives, 
are " Or a Lyon rampant sable armed and Langued Gules 
a cheife of y^ second a castle Tripple towred argent 
betwixt two Beausants — to y^ crest upon a helm on a 
wreath of y® colours, a Lyon Proper segeant supporte on a 
stock ragged and trunked argent Borne by the name of 
Stockett with a mantle Gules doubled Argent." These 
. agree with the arms given by Burke as the arms of the 
Stocketts of St. Stephens, county of Kent. 

Thomas Stockett's will, dated April 23, 1671, was 
proved on the 4th of May in the same year, so that his 
death must have occurred within the ten intervening days. 
He left his estate to his wife for life, then his lands to his 
son Thomas, and his posthumous child if a son, and his 
personal estate to be divided among his daughters. His 
executors were his brothers Francis and Henry and his 
brother (in-law) Richard Wells. His dispositions of pro- 
perty are brief, much of the will consisting of pious 
expressions and wishes. 

423 



INTRODUCTION. 15 



To return to the early Maryland emigration, at the time 
there was evident need for some popular tract to remove a 
prejudice that had been created against that colony, espe- 
cially in regard to the redemptioners. The condition of 
those held for service in Maryland had been represented 
as pitiable indeed, the labor intolerable, the usage bad, 
the diet hard, and that no beds were allowed but the bare 
boards. Such calumnies had already been refuted in 
1656 by Hammond, in his Leah and Jiachel. Yet it 
would seem that ten years later the proprietor of Mary- 
land found it necessary to give Alsop's flattering picture 
as a new antidote. 

The original tract is reproduced so nearly in fac simile 
here that little need be said about it. The original is a 
very small volume, the printed matter on the page being 
only 2| inches by 4|. (See note No. 1). 

At the end are two pages of advertisements headed 
" These Books, with others, are Printed for Peter Dring, 
and are to be sold at his Shop, at the Sun in the Poultrey, 
next door to the Rose Tavern." 

Among the books are Eliana, Holesworth's Yalley of 
Vision, Pobotham's Exposition of Solomon's Song, !N". 
Byfields' Marrow of the Oracle of God, Pheteplace's 
Scrutinia Sacra, Featly Tears in Time of Pestilence, 
Templum Musicum by Joannes Henricus Alstedius, two 
cook books, a jest book, Troads Englished, and ends with 
A Comment upon the Two Tales of our Renowned Poet 
Sir Jeffray Chaucer, Knight. 

At the end of this is the following by way of erratum : 
" Courteous Reader. In the first Epistle Dedicatory, for 
Felton read Feltham." 

423 



'7 



A 

CHARACTER 

Of the PROVINCE of 

MARY-LAND, 

Wherein is Defcribed in four diftindt 
Parts, {Fiz.) 

I. 7^1? Scituation^ and plenty of the Province. 

II. The Laws^ Cujioms^ and natural Demea- 
nor of the Inhabitant. 

III. The worji and beji Vfage of a Mary- 

Land Servant^ opened in view. 

IV. The Traffique^ and Vendahle Commodities 

of the Countrey. 

ALSO 

^ ftn«TU Treatife on the Wilde and 

Naked INDIANS (or Sufquehanokes) 
of Mary-Land^ their Cuftoms, Man- 
ners, Abfurdities, & Religion. 

Together with a Colledtion of Hifto- 
rical LETTERS. 

By GEORGE ALSOP. 



London, Printed by T. J. for Peter Dring, 
at the fign of the Sun in the Poultrey; 1666. 
3 



TO THE RIGHT HONORABLE 

C^CILIUS LORD BALTEMORE, (see note No. 2) 
Absolute Lord and Proprietary of the Pro- 
vinces of Mary-Land and Avalon (see 
note No. 3) in America. 

My Lord, 

I Have adventured on your Lordships acceptance 
by guess; if presumption has led me into an 
Error that deserves correction, I heartily beg Indemp- 
nity, and resolve to repent soundly for it, and do so 
no more. What I present I know to be true, Expe- 
rientia docet; It being an infallible Maxim, That 
there is no Globe like tJie occular and experimental view 
of a Countrey. And had not Fate by a necessary 
imployment, consin'd me within the narrow walks of 
a four years Servitude, and by degrees led me through 
the most intricate and dubious paths of this Countrey, 
by a commanding and undeniable Enjoyment, I could 
not, nor should I ever have undertaken to have writ> 
ten a line of this nature. 



427 



-i ( 



THE EPISTLE DEDICATORY. 

If I have wrote or composed any thing that's wilde 
and confused, it is because I am so my self, and the 
world, as far as I can perceive, is not much out of the 
same trim; therefore I resolve, if I am brought to 
the Bar of Common Law for any thing I have done 
here, to plead Non compos mentis, to save my Bacon. 

There is an old Saying in EngUsh, He must rise 
betimes that would please every one. And I am afraid 
I have lain so long a bed, that I think I shall please 
no body ; if it must be so, I cannot help it. But as 
Feltham (see note No. 4) in his Resolves says. In things^ 
that m>ust he, 'tis good to be resolute; And therefore ] 
what Destiny has ordained, I am resolved to wink, / 
and stand to it. So leaving your Honour to more 
serious meditations, I subscribe my self. 
My Lord 

Your Lordship most 

Humble Servant, 

George Alsop. 



1 ^ 



To all the Merchant Adventurers for MARY-LAND, 

together with those Commanders of Ships 

that saile into that Province. 

Sirs, 

You a7'e both Adventurers, the one of Estate, the 
other of Life: I could tell you lam an Adve^^- 
turer too, if I durst presume to come into your Company. 
I have ventured to come abroad in Pi-int, and if I should 
be laughed at fen' my good meaning, it would so break 
the credit of my understanding, that I should never dare 
to shew my fojce upmi the Exchange of {conceited) Wits 
again. 

This dish of Discourse was inte^ided foi' you at first, 
but it teas mamiers to let my Lord have the first cut, the 
Pye being his own. I beseech you accept of the matter 
as 'tis drest, only to stay your stomachs, and Tie promise 
you the next shall be better done, ' Tis all as I can serve 
you in at prese^it, and it may be questionable tvhether I 
have served you in this or no. Here I present you loitJi 
A Character of Mary-Land, it may be you will say 'tis 
weakly done, if you do I cannot help it, His as well as I 
could do it, ccnisidering several Obstacles that lilce blocks 
were thrown in my icay to hinder my proceeding : The 
major part thereof was loritten in the intermitting time 
of my sickness, tluereforre I hope the ajflicting iveakness of 

431 



24 

my Microcosm may plead a just excuse for some imper- 
fections of my' pen. I protest what I have writ is from 
an experimental knowledge of the Country, and not frmn 
any imaginary supposition. If lam blamed for what I 
have done too much, it is the first, and I will irrevocably 
promise it shall be the last. There s a Maxim upon 
Tryals at Assizes, That if a thief be taken upon the first 
fault, if it be not to hainous, tliey only burn him in the 
hand and let him go (see note No. 5) : So I desire you 
to do by me, if you find any thing that bears a criminal 
absurdity in it, oidy burn me for my first fact and let 
me go. But I am afiraid I have kept you too long in 
tlie Entry, I shall desire you therefore to come in and 
sit down. 

G. Alsop. 



i-^ 



PREFACE 



K E A D E R. 

The Reason why I appear in this place is, lest the 
general Reader should conclude I have nothing 
to say for my self; and truly he's in the right on't, 
for I have but little to say (for my self) at this time : 
For I have had so large a Journey, and so heavy a 
Burden to bring Mary-Land into England, that I am 
almost out of breath : I'le promise you after I am 
come to my self, you shall hear more of me. Good 
Reader, because you see me make a brief Apologetical 
excuse for my self, don't judge me ; for I am so self- 
conceited of my own merits, that I almost think I 
want none. De Lege non judicandum ex sold linea, 
saith the Civilian ; We must not pass judgement upon 
a Law by one line : And because we see but a small 
Bush at a Tavern door, conclude there is no Canary 
(see note No. 6). For as in our vulgar Resolves 'tis 
said, A good face needs no Band, and an ill one deserves 
none: So the French Proverb sayes, Bon Vien il n'a 
faut point de Ensigne, Good Wine needs no Bush. I 
suppose by this time some of my speculative observers 

'1 433 



26 PREFACE TO THE READER. 

have judged me vainglorious ; but if they did but 
rightly consider me, they would not be so censorious. 
For I dwell so far from Neighbors, that if I do not 
praise my self, no body else will : And since I am left 
alone, I am resolved to summon the Magna Gharta of 
Fowles to the Bar for my excuse, and by their irrevo- 
cable Statutes plead my discharge. For its an ill 
Bird loill hefoule her oion Nest : Besides, I have a 
thousand Billings-gate (see note No. 7) Collegians that 
will give in their testimony. That they never knew a 
Fish-iDoman cry stinking Fish. Thus leaving the 
Nostrils of the Citizens Wives to demonstrate what 
they please as to that, and thee (Good Reader) to say 
what thou wilt, I bid thee Farewel. 

Geo. Alsop. 



434 



AUTHOR 



BOOK. 

WHen first Apollo got my brain with Cbilde, 
He made large promise never to beguile, 
But like an honest Father, he would keep 
Whatever Issue from my Brain did creep : 
With that I gave consent, and up he threw 
Me on a Bench, and strangely he did do; 
Then every week he daily came to see 
How his new Physick still did work with me. 
And when he did perceive he'd don the feat. 
Like an unworthy man he made retreat. 
Left me in desolation, and where none 
Compassionated when they heard me groan. 
"What could he judge the Parish th^n would think, 
To see me fair, his Brat as black as Ink ? 
If they had eyes, they'd swear I were no ITun, 
But got with Child by some black Africk Son, 
And so condemn me for my Fornication, 
To beat them Hemp to stifle half the Nation. 
Well, since 'tis so, I'le alter this base Fate, 
And lay his Bastard at some JToble's Gate ; 
Withdraw my self from Beadles, and from such, 
Who would give twelve pence I were in their clutch 

486 



28 THE AUTHOR TO HIS BOOK. 



Then, who can tell ? this Child which I do hide, 

May be in time a Small-beer Col'nel Pride (see note 

But while I talk, my business it is dumb, [No. 8). 

I must lay double-clothes unto thy Bum, 

Then lap thee warm, and to the world commit 

The Bastard Off-spring of a New-born wit. 

Farewel, poor Brat, thou in a monstrous "World, 

In swadling bauds, thus up and down art hurl'd ; 

There to receive what Destiny doth contrive. 

Either to perish, or be sav'd alive. 

Good Fate protect thee from a Criticks power. 

For If he comes, thou'rt gone in half an hour, 

Stiff'd and blasted, 'tis their usual way. 

To make that Night, which is as bright as Bay. 

For if they once but wring, and skrew their mouth. 

Cock up their Hats, and set the point Du-South, 

Armes all a kimbo, and with belly strut. 

As if they had Parnassus in their gut : 

These are the Symtomes of the murthering fall 

Of my poor Infant, and his burial. 

Say he should miss thee, and some ign'rant Asse 

Should find thee out, as he along doth pass, 

It were all one, he'd look into thy Tayle, 

To see if thou wert Feminine or Male ; 

"When he'd half starv'd thee, for to satisfie 

His peeping Ign'rance, he'd then let thee lie ; 

And vow by's wit he ne're could understand, 

The Heathen dresses of another Land : 

"Well, 'tis no matter, wherever such as he 

Knows one grain, more than his simplicity. 

Now, how the pulses of my senses beat. 

To think the rigid Fortune thou wilt meet ; 

436 



THE AUTHOR TO HIS BOOK. 29 

Asses and captious Fools, not six in ten 

Of thy Spectators will be real men, 

To Umpire up the badness of the cause, 

And screen mj weakness from the rav'nous Laws, 

Of those that will undoubted sit to see 

How they might blast this new-born Infancy : 

If they should burn him, they'd conclude hereafter, 

'Twere too good death for him to dye a Martyr; 

And if they let him live, they think it will 

Be but a means for to encourage ill, 

And bring in time some strange Antipod'ans, 

A thousand Leagues beyond Philippians, 

To storm our "Wits ; therefore he must not rest, 

But shall be hang'd, for all he has been prest : 

Thus they conclude. — My Genius comforts give, 

In Resurrection he will surely live. 



437 



To my Friend Mr. George Alsop, on his Character of 
MARY-LAND. 

WHo such odd nookes of Earths great mass describe, 
Prove their descent from old Columbus tribe: 
Some Boding augur did his Name devise, 
Thy Genius too cast in th' same mould and size ; 
His Name predicted he would be a Rover, 
And hidden jylaces of this Orb discover ; 
Me made relation of thai World in gross, 
Thou the particulars retaiVst to us : 
By this first Peny of thy fancy we. 
Discover ivhat thy greater CoiJies will be ; 
This Embryo thus well polisht doth presage, 
The manly Atchievements of its future age. 
Auspicious loinds bloio gently on this spark, 
TJntill its flames discover ivhat's yet dark ; 
Mean lohile this short Abridgement we embrace, 
Expecting that thy busy soul will trace 
Some Mines at last which may enrich the World, 
And all that poverty may be in oblivion hurVd. 
Zoilus is dumb, for thou the mark hast hit. 
By interlacing History with Wit : 
Thou hast described its superficial Treasure, 
Anatomiz'd its bowels at thy leasure ; 
That MARY-LAND to thee may duty owe. 
Who to the World dost all her Glory shew ; 
Then thou shall make the Prophesie fall true. 
Who Jill' st the World (like th' Sea J with knowledge new. 
William Bogherst. (See note No. 9.) 

439 



To my Friend Mr. George Alsop, on his Character of 
MARY-LAND. 

THis plain, yet pithy and concise Description 
Of Mary-Lands pleniious and sedate condition, 
With other things herein by you set forth. 
To shew its Rareness, and declare its Worth ; 
Coni'pos'd in such a time, lohen most men were 
Smitten iviih Sickness, or siirpriz'd with Fear, 
Argues a Genius good, and Courage stout. 
In bringing this Design so well about : 
Such generous Freedom, waited on thy brain, 
The Work was done in midst of greatest pain ; 
And. matters flow'' d so swiftly from thy source. 
Nature designed thee (sure) for such Discourse. 
Go on then with thy Work so well begun, 
Let it come forth, and boldly see the Sun; 
Then shall' i be known to all, that from thy Youth 
Thou heldst it Noble to maintain the Truth, 
' Gainst all the Rabble-rout, that yelping stand, 
To caM aspersions on thy MARY-LAND : 
Bui this thy Work shall vindicate its Fame, 
And as a Trophy memorize thy Name, 
So if without a Tomb thou buried be, 
This Book's a lasting Monument for thee. 

IL W., Master of Arts. (See note No. 10). 

F^om my Study, 
Jan. 10, 1665. 



441 



A 

CHARACTER 

OF THE PROVINCE OF 

MARY-LAND. 

CHAP. I. 

Of the situation and plenty of the Province of Mary-Land. 

MARY-LAND is a Province situated upon the 
large extending bowels of America^ under the 
Government of the Lord Bcdtemm'e, adjacent North- 
wardly upon the Confines of New-Enyland, and 
neighbouring Southwardly upon Virginia, dwelling 
pleasantly upon the Bay of CTwesapike (see note No. 
11), between the Degrees of 36 and 38, in the Zone 
temperate, and by Mathematical computation is eleven 
hundred and odd Leagues in Longitude from England, 
being within her own imbraces extraordinary pleasant 
and fertile. Pleasant, in respect of the multitude of 
Navigable Rivers and Creeks that conveniently and 
most profitably lodge within the armes of her green, 
spreading, and delightful Woods ; whose natural 
womb (by her plenty) maintains and preserves the 
several diversities of Animals that rangingly inhabit 
her Woods ; as she doth otherwise generously fructifie 

443 



36 A CHARACTER OF THE 



this piece of Earth with almost all sorts of Vegetables, 
as well Flowers with their varieties of colours and 
smells, as Herbes and Eoots with their several effects 
and operative virtues, that offer their benefits daily to 
supply the want of the Inhabitant whene're their 
necessities shall Sub-poeoia them to wait on their com- 
mands. So that he, who out of curiosity desires to 
see the Landskip of the Creation drawn to the life, or 
to read Natures universal Herbal without book, may 
with the Opticks of a discreet discerning, view Mary- 
Land drest in her green and fragrant Mantle of the 
Spring. Neither do I think there is any place under 
the Heavenly altitude, or that has footing or room 
upon the circular Globe of this world, that can parallel 
this fertile and pleasant piece of ground in its multi- 
plicity, or rather Natures extravagancy of a super- 
abounding plenty. For so much doth this Country 
increase in a swelling Spring-tide of rich variety and 
diversities of all things, not only common provisions 
that supply the reaching stomach of man with a 
satisfactory plenty, but also extends with its liberality 
and free convenient benefits to each sensitive faculty, 
according to their several desiring Aj)petites. So that 
had Nature made it her business, on purpose to have 
found out a situation for the Soul of profitable Inge- 
nuity, she could not have fitted herself better in the 
traverse of the whole Universe, nor in convenienter 
terms have told man. Dwell here, live 'plentifully and 
he rich. 

444 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 37 



The Trees, Plants, Fruits, Flowers, and Roots that 
grow here in Mary-Land, are the only Emblems or 
Hieroglyphicks of our Adamitical or Primitive situa- 
tion, as well for their variety as odoriferous smells, 
together with their vertues, according to their several 
effects, kinds and properties, which still bear the Ef- 
figies of Innocency according to their original Grafts; 
which by their dumb vegetable Oratory, each hour 
speaks to the Inhabitant in silent acts. That they 
need not look for any other Terrestrial Paradice, to 
suspend or tyre their curiosity upon, while she is 
extant. For within her doth dwell so much of 
variety, so much of natural plenty, that there is not 
any thing that is or may be rare, but it inhabits 
within this plentious soyle : So that those parts of 
the Creation that have borne the Bell away (for many 
ages) for a vegetable plentiousness, must now in 
silence strike and vayle all, and whisper softly in the 
auditual parts of Mary-Land, that None hut she in this 
dirells siJigular ; and that as well for that she doth 
exceed in those Fruits, Plants, Trees and Roots, that 
dwell and grow in their several Clymes or habitable 
parts of the Earth besides, as the rareness and super- 
excellency of her own glory, which she flourishly 
abounds in, by the abundancy of reserved Rarities, 
such as the remainder of the World (with all its 
speculative art) never bore any occular testimony of 
as yet. I shall forbear to particularize those several 
sorts of vegetables that flourishingly grows here, by 



38 A CHARACTER OF THE 



reason of the vast tediousness that will attend upon 
the description, which therefore makes them much 
more fit for an Herbal, than a small Manuscript or 
History. (See note No. 12). 

As for the wilde Animals of this Country, which 
loosely inhabits the Woods in multitudes, it is impos- 
sible to give you an exact description of them all, 
considering the multiplicity as well as the diversity of 
so numerous an extent of Creatures : But such as has 
fallen within the compass or prospect of my knowledge, 
those you shall know of; videlicet, the Deer, because 
they are oftner seen, and more participated of by the 
Inhabitants of the Land, whose acquaintance by a 
customary familiarity becomes much more common 
than the rest of Beasts that inhabit the Woods by 
using themselves in Herds about the Christian Plan- 
tations. Their flesh, which in some places of this 
Province is the common provision the Inhabitants 
feed on, and which through the extreme glut and 
plenty of it, being daily killed by the hidimis, and 
brought in to the English, as well as that which is 
killed by the Christian Inhabitant, that doth it more 
for recreation, than for the benefit they reap by it. 
I say, the flesh of Venison becomes (as to food) rather 
denyed, than any way esteemed or desired. And this 
I speak from an experimental knowledge ; For when 
I was under a Command, and debarr'd of a four years 
ranging Liberty in the Province of Mary-Land, the 
Gentleman whom I served my conditional and pre- 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 39 

fixed time withall, had at one time in his house four- 
score Venisons, besides plenty of other provisions to 
serve his Family nine months, they being but seven 
in number ; so that before this Venison was brought 
to a period by eating, it so nauseated our appetites 
and stomachs, that plain bread was rather courted 
and desired than it. 

The Deer (see note No. 13) here neither in shape 
nor action differ from our Deer in England : the Park 
they traverse their ranging and unmeasured walks in, 
is bounded and impanell'd in with no other pales than 
the rough and billowed Ocean : They are also mighty 
numerous in the Woods, and are little or not at all 
affrighted at the face of a man, but (Hke the Does of 
Whetstons Park) (see note No. 14) though their hydes 
are not altogether so gaudy to extract an admiration 
from the beholder, yet they will stand (all most) till 
they be scratcht. 

As for the Wolves, Bears, and Panthers (see note 
No. 15) of this Country, they inhabit commonly in 
great multitudes up in the remotest parts of the Con- 
tinent; yet at some certain time they come down 
near the Plantations, but do little hurt or injury 
worth noting, and that which they do is of so degene- 
rate and low a nature, (as in reference to the fierceness 
and heroick vigour that dwell in the same kind of 
Beasts in other Countries), that they are hardly worth 
mentioning : For tlie highest of their designs and 
circumventing reaches is but cowardly and base, only 



40 A CHARACTER OF THE 



to steal a poor Pigg, or kill a lost and half starved 
Calf. . The Effigies of a man terrifies them dreadfully, 
for they no sooner espy him but their hearts are at 
their mouths, and the spurs upon their heels, they 
(having no more manners than Beasts) gallop away, 
and never bid them farewell that are behind them. 

The Elke, the Cat of the Mountain, the Rackoon, 
the Fox, the Beaver, the Otter, the Possum, the Hare, 
the Squirril, the Monack, the Musk-Rat (see note 
No. 16), and several others (whom I'le omit for 
brevity sake) inhabit here in Mary-Land in several 
droves and troops, ranging the Woods at their 
pleasure. 

The meat of most of these Creatures is good for 
eating, yet of no value nor esteem here, by reason of 
the great plenty of other provisions, ' and are only 
kill'd by the Indians of the Country for their Hydes 
and Furrs, which become very profitable to those that 
have the right way of traffiquing for them, as well as 
it redounds to the Indians that take the pains to catch 
them, and to slay and dress their several Hydes, 
selling and disposing them for such commodities as 
their Heathenish fancy delights in. 

As for those Beasts that were carried over at the 
first seating of the Country, to stock and increase the 
situation, as Cows, Horses, Sheep and Hogs (see note 
No. 17), they are generally tame, and use near home, 
especially the Cows, Sheep and Horses. The Hogs, 
whose increase is innumerable in the Woods, do dis- 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 41 

frequent home more than the rest of Creatures that 
are look'd upon as tame, yet with Httle trouble and 
pains they are slain and made provision of Now 
they that will with a right Historical Survey, view 
the Woods of Mary-Land in this particular, as in 
reference to Swine, must upon necessity judge this 
Land lineally descended from the Gadarean Terri- 
tories. (See note No. 18.) 

Mary-Land (I must confess) cannot boast of her 
plenty of Sheep here, as other Countries; not but 
that they wall thrive and increase here, as well as in 
any place of the World besides, but few desire them, 
because they commonly draw down the Wolves among 
the Plantations, as well by the sweetness of their 
flesh, as by the humility of their nature, in not 
making a defensive resistance against the rough deal- 
ing of a ravenous Enemy. They who for curiosity 
will keep Sheep, may expect that after the Wolves 
have breathed themselves all day in the Woods to 
sharpen their stomachs, they will come without fail 
and sup with them at night, though many times they 
surfeit themselves with the sawce that's dish'd out of 
the muzzle of a Gun, and so in the midst of their 
banquet (poor Animals) they often sleep with their 
Ancestors. 

Fowls of all sorts and varieties dwell at their several 
times and seasons liere in Mary-Land. The Turkey, 
the Woodcock, the Pheasant, the Partrich, the Pigeon, 
and others, especially the Turkey, whom I have seen 

6 449 



42 A CHARACTER OF THE 

in whole hundreds in flights in the Woods of Mary- 
Land, being an extraordinary fat Fowl, whose flesh 
is very pleasant and sweet. These Fowls that I have 
named are intayled from generation to generation to 
the Woods. The Swans, the Geese and Ducks (with 
other Water-Fowl) derogate in this point of setled 
residence ; for they arrive in millionous multitudes in 
Mary-Land about the middle of September, and take 
their winged farewell about the midst of March (see 
note No, 19) : But while they do remain, and belea- 
gure the borders of the shoar with their winged 
Dragoons, several of them are summoned by a Writ 
of Fie74 facias, to answer their presumptuous contempt 
upon a Spit. 

As for Fish, which dwell in the watry tenements 
of the deep, and by a providential greatness of power, 
is kept for the relief of several Countries in the world 
(which would else sink under the rigid enemy of 
want), here in Mary-Land is a large sufficiency, and 
plenty of almost all sorts of Fishes, which live and 
inhabit within her several Rivers and Creeks, far 
beyond the apprehending or crediting of those that 
never saw the same, which with very much ease is 
catched, to the great refreshment of the Inhabitants 
of the Province. 

All sorts of Grain, as Wheat, Rye, Barley, Gates, 
Pease, besides several others that have their original 
and birth from the fertile womb of this Land (and no 
where else), they all grow, increase, and thrive here 

450 



PROVINCE OP MARY-LAND. 43 

in Mary-Land, without the chargable and laborious 
manuring of the Land with Dung ; increasing in such 
a measure and plenty, by the natural richness of the 
Earth, with the common, beneficial and convenient 
showers of rain that usually w^ait upon the several 
Fields of Grain (by a natural instinct) , so that Famine 
(the dreadful Ghost of penury and want) is never 
known with his pale visage to haunt the Dominions 
oi Mary-Land. (See note No. 20). 

Could' St thou (0 Earth) live thus obscure, and now 
Within an Age, shao forth thy pleniious brow 
Of rich variety, gilded with fruitful Fame, 
That ( Trumpet-like) doth Heraldize thy Name, 
And tells the World there is a Land now found, 
Tlmt all LJarth's Globe can't parallel its Ground ? 
Dwell, and be prosperous, and with thy plenty feed 
The craving Carkesses of those Souls that need. 



/ 



451 



44 A CHARACTER OF THE 



CHAP. II. 

Of the Government and Natural Disposition of the People. 

MARY-LAND, not from the remoteness of her 
situation, but from the regularity of her well 
ordered Government, may (without sin, I think) be 
called Singular: And though she is not supported 
with such large Revenues as some of her Neighbours 
are, yet such is her wisdom in a reserved silence, and 
not in pomp, to shew her well-conditioned Estate, in 
relieving at a distance the proud poverty of those that 
wont be seen they want, as well as those which by 
undeniable necessities are drove upon the Rocks of 
pinching wants : Yet such a loathsome creature is a 
common and folding-handed Beggar, that upon the 
penalty of almost a perpetual working in Imprison- 
ment, they are not to appear, nor lurk near our 
vigilant and laborious dwellings. The Country hath 
received a general spleen and antipathy against the 
very name and nature of it ; and though there were 
no Law provided (as there is) to suppress it, I am 
certainly confident, there is none within the Province 
that would lower themselves so much below the dig- 
nity of men to beg, as long as limbs and life keep 
house together ; so much is a vigilant industrious care 
esteem'd. 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 45 



He that desires to see the real Platform of a quiet 
and sober Government extant, Superiority with a 
meek and yet commanding power sitting at the 
Helme, steering the actions of State quietly, through 
the multitude and diversity of Opinionous waves that 
diversly meet, let him look on Mary-Land with eyes 
admiring, and he'll then judge her, The Miracle of 
this Age. 

Here the Roman Catholick, and the Protestant Epis- 
copal (whom the world would perswade have pro- 
claimed open Wars irrevocably against each other), 
contraryAvise concur in an unanimous parallel of 
friendship), and inseparable love intayled into one 
another : All Inquisitions, Martyrdom, and Banish- 
ments are not so much as named, but unexpressably 
abhorr'd by each other. 

The several Opinions and Sects that lodge within 
this Government, meet not together in mutinous con- 
tempts to disquiet the power that bears Rule, but 
with a reverend quietness obeys the legal commands 
of Authority. (See note No. 21). Here's never seen 
Five Monarchies in a Zealous Rebellion, opposing the 
Rights and Liberties of a true setled Government, or 
Monarchical Authority : Nor did I ever see (here in 
Marij-Laml) any of those dancing Adamitical Sisters, 
that plead a primitive Innocency for their base 
obscenity, and naked deportment; but I conceive if 
some of them were there at some certain time of the 
year, between the Months of Jamiary and Fehriiary, 



] 



46 A CHARACTER OF THE 

when the winds blow from the North- West quarter of 
the world, that it would both cool, and (I believe) 
convert the hottest of these Zealots from their burn- 
ing and fiercest concupiscence. (See note No. 22). 

The Government of this Province doth continually, 
by all lawful means, strive to purge her Dominions 
from such base corroding humors, that would predomi- 
nate upon the least smile of Liberty, did not the Laws 
check and bridle in those unwarranted and tumultuous 
Opinions. And truly, where a kingdom. State or 
Government, keeps or cuts down the weeds of destruc- 
tive Opinions, there must certainly be a blessed har- 
mony of quietness. And I really believe this Land or 
Government of Mary-Land may boast, that she enjoys 
as much quietness from the disturbance of Rebellious 
Opinions, as most States or Kingdoms do in the 
world : For here every man lives quietly, and follows 
his labour and imployment desiredly; and by the 
protection of the Laws, they are supported from those 
molestious troubles that ever attend upon the Com- 
mons of other States and Kingdoms, as well as from 
the Aquafortial operation of great and eating Taxes. 
Here's nothing to be levyed out of the Granaries of 
Corn; but contrarywise, by a Law every Domestick 
Governor of a Family is enjoyned to make or cause 
to be made so much Corn by a just limitation, as shall 
be sufficient for him and his Family (see note No. 23) : 
So that by this wise and Janus-\\k.Q providence, the 
thin-jawed Skeliton with his starv'd Carkess is never 

454 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 47 



seen walking the Woods of Mary-Land to affrigliten 
Children. 

Once every year within this Province is an Assem- 
bly called, and out of every respective County (by the 
consent of the people) there is chosen a number of 
men, and to them is deliver'd up the Grievances of the 
Country ; and they maturely debate the matters, and 
according to their Consciences make Laws for the 
general good of the people ; and where any former 
Law that was made, seems and is prejudicial to the 
good or quietness of the Land, it is repeal'd. These 
men that determine on these matters for the Repub- 
lique, are called Burgesses, and they commonly sit in 
Junto about six weeks, being for the most part good 
ordinary Householders of the several Counties, which 
do more by a plain and honest Conscience, than by 
artificial Syllogisms drest up in gilded Orations. (See 
note No. 24). 

Here Suits and Tryals in Law seldome hold dispute 
two Terms or Courts, but according as the Equity of 
the Cause appears is brought to a period, (See note 
No. 25). The Temples and Grays-Inne are clear out 
of fashion here : Harriot (see note No. 20) would 
sooner get a paunch-devouring meal for nothing, than 
for his invading Counsil. Here if the Lawyer had 
nothing else to maintain him but his bawling, he 
might button up 'his Chops, and burn his Buckrom 
Bag, or else hang it upon a pin untill its Antiquity 
had eaten it up with durt and dust: Then with a 



48 A CHARACTER OF THE 

Spade, like his Grandsire Adam, turn up the face of 
the Creation, purchasing his bread by the sweat of his 
brows, that before was got by the motionated Water- 
works of his jaws. So contrary to the Genius of the 
people, if not to the quiet Government of the Province, 
that the turbulent Spirit of continued and vexatious 
Law, with all its querks and evasions, is openly and 
most eagerly opposed, that might make matters either 
dubious, tedious, or troublesom. All other matters 
that would be ranging in contrary and improper 
Spheres, (in short) are here by the Power moderated, 
lower'd and subdued. All villanous Outrages tharv 
are committed in other States, are not so much as / 
known here : A man may walk in the open Woods^ 
as secure from being externally dissected, as in his 
own house or dwelling. So hateful is a Robber, that 
if but once imagin'd to be so, he's kept at a distance, 
and shun'd as the Pestilential noysomness. (See note 
No. 27). 

It is generally and very remarkably observed, That 
those whose Lives and Conversations have had no 
other gloss nor glory stampt on them in their own 
Country, but the stigmatization of baseness, were here 
(by the common civilities and deportments of the 
Inhabitants of this Province) brought to detest and 
loath their former actions. Here the Constable hath 
no need of a train of Holberteers (see note No. 28), 
that carry more Armour about them, than heart to 
guard him : Nor is he ever troubled to leave his 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 49 



Feathered Nest to some friendly successor, while he 
is placing of his Lanthern-horn Guard at the end of 
some suspicious Street, to catch some Night-walker, 
or Batchelor of Leachery, that has taken his Degree 
three story high in a Bawdy-house. Here's no New- 
gates for pilfering Felons, nor Liidgates for Debtors, 
nor any Bridewels (see note No. 29) to lash the soul 
of Concupiscence into a chast Repentance. For as 
there is none of these Prisons in Mary-Land, so the 
merits of the Country deserves none, but if any be 
foully vitious, he is so reserv'd in it, that he seldom 
or never becomes popular. Common Alehouses (whose 
dwellings are the only Receptacles of debauchery and 
baseness, and those Schools that trains up Youth, as 
well as Age, to mine), in this Province there are 
none ; neither hath Youth his swing or range in such 
a profuse and unbridled liberty as in other Countries ; 
for from an antient Custom at the primitive seating 
of the place, the Son Avorks as well as the Servant (an 
excellent cure for untam'd Youth), so that before they 
eat their bread, they are commonly taught how to 
earn it ; which makes them by that time Age speaks 
them capable of receiving that which their Parents 
indulgency is ready to give them, and which partly 
is by their own laborious industry purchased, they 
manage it with such a serious, grave and watcliing 
care, as if they had been Masters of Families, trained 
up in that domestick and governing power from their 
Cradles. These Christian Natives of the Land, espe- 

7 457 



50 A CHARACTER OP THE 



cially those of the Masculine Sex, are generally con- 
veniently confident, reservedly subtile, quick in 
apprehending, but slow in resolving ; and where they 
spy profit sailing towards them with the wings of a 
prosperous gale, there they become much familiar. 
The Women differ something in this point, though 
not much : They are extreme bashful at the first 
view, but after a continuance of time hath brought 
them acquainted, there they become discreetly fami- 
liar, and are much more talkative then men. All 
Complemental Courtships, drest up in critical Rarities, 
are meer strangers to them, plain wit comes nearest* 
their Genius; so that he that intends to Court a 
Mary-Land Girle, must have something more than 
the Tautologies of a long-winded speech to carry on 
his design, or else he may (for ought I know) fall 
under the contempt of her frown, and his own windy 
Oration. (See note No. 30). 

One great part of the Inhabitants of this Province 
are desiredly Zealous, great pretenders to Holiness; 
and where any thing appears that carries on the 
Frontispiece of its Effigies the stamp of Religion, 
though fundamentally never so imperfect, they are 
suddenly taken with it, and out of an eager desire to 
any thing that's new, not weighing the sure matter in 
the Ballance of Reason, are very apt to be catcht. 
(See note No. 31). Quakerism is the only Opinion 
that bears the Bell away (see note No. 32) : The 
Anabaptists (see note No. 33) have little to say here, 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 51 

as well as in other places, since the Ghost of John of 
Leyden haunts their Conventicles. The Adamite, 
Ranter, and Flft-Monarchy men, Mary-Land cannot, 
nay will not digest within her liberal stomach such 
corroding morsels : So that this Province is an utter 
Enemy to blasphemous and zealous Imprecations, 
drain'd from the Lynibeck of hellish and damnable 
Spirits, as well as profuse prophaness, that issues from 
the prodigality of none but cract>brain Sots. 

' Tis said the Gods lower down thai Chain above, 
That tyes both Prince and Subject up in Love; 
And if this Fiction of the Gods be true, 
Few, Mary-Land, in this can boast but you : 
Live ever blest, and let those Clouds that do 
Eclipse most States, be always Lights to you ; 
And dwelling so, you may for ever be 
The only Emblem of Tranquility. 



459 



52 A CHARACTER OF THE 



CHAP. III. 

The necessariness of Servitude proved^ imtli tlie com^non usage of 
/Servants in Mary-Laod, together with their Priviledges. 

AS there can be no Monarchy without the Supre- 
macy of a King and Crown, nor no King with- 
out Subjects, nor any Parents without it be by the 
fruitful off-spring of Children ; neither can there be 
any Masters, unless it be by the inferior Servitude of 
those that dwell under them, by a commanding en- 
joynment : And since it is ordained from the original 
and superabounding wisdom of all things, That there 
should be Degrees and Diversities amongst the Sons 
of men, in acknowledging of a Superiority from Infe- 
riors to Superiors ; the Servant with a reverent and 
befitting Obedience is as liable to this duty in a 
measurable performance to him whom he serves, as 
the loyalest of Subjects to his Prince. Then since it 
is a common and ordained Fate, that there must be 
Servants as well as Masters, and that good Servitudes 
are those Colledges of Sobriety that checks in the 
giddy and wild-headed youth from his profuse and 
uneven course of life, by a limited constrainment, as 
well as it otherwise agrees with the moderate and dis- 
creet Servant : Why should there be such an exclusive 

4()0 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 53 

Obstacle in the minds and unreasonable dispositions 
of many people, against the limited time of convenient 
and necessary Servitude, when it is a thing so requi- 
site, that the best of Kingdoms would be unhing'd 
from their quiet and well setled Government without 
it. Which levelling doctrine we here of England in 
this latter age (whose womb was truss'd out with 
nothing but confused Rebellion) have too much expe- 
rienced, and was daily rung into the ears of the 
tumultuous Vulgar by the Bell-weather Sectaries of 
the Times : But (blessed be God) those Clouds are 
blown over, and the Government of the Kingdom 
couch t under a more stable form. 

There is no truer Emblem of Confusion either in 
Monarchy or Domestick Governments, then when 
either the Subject, or the Servant, strives for the 
upper hand of his Prince, or Master, and to be equal 
with him, from whom he receives his present subsist- 
ance : Why then, if Servitude be so necessary that no 
place can be governed in order, nor people live without 
it, this may serve to tell those which prick up their 
ears and bray against it. That they are none but 
Asses, and deserve the Bridle of a strict commanding 
power to reine them in : For I'me certainly confident, 
that there are several Thousands in most Kingdoms 
of Christendom, that could not at all live and subsist, 
unless they had served some prefixed time, to learn 
either some Trade, Art, or Science, and by either of 
them to extract their present livelihood. 



54 A CHARACTER OF THE 



Then methinks this may stop the mouths of those 
that will luidiscreetly compassionate them that dwell 
under necessary Servitudes; for let but Parents of 
an indifferent capacity in Estates, when their Child- 
rens age by computation speak them seventeen or 
eighteen years old, turn them loose to the wide world, 
without a seven years working Apprenticeship (being 
just brought up to the bare formality of a little read- 
ing and writing) and you shall immediately see how 
weak and shiftless they'le be towards the maintaining 
and supporting of themselves; and (without either 
stealing or begging) their bodies like a Sentinel must 
continually wait to see when their Souls will be 
frighted away by the pale Ghost of a starving want. 

Then let such, where Providence hath ordained to 
live as Servants, either in England or beyond Sea, 
endure the prefixed yoak of their limited time with 
patience, and then in a small computation of years, 
by an industrious endeavour, they may become Mas- 
ters and Mistresses of Families themselves. And let 
this be spoke to the deserved praise of Mary-Land, 
That the four years I served there were not to me so 
slavish, as a two years Servitude of a Handicraft 
Apprenticeship was here in London ; Volenti enim nil 
difficile: Not that I write this to seduce or delude 
any, or to draw them from their native soyle, but out 
of a love to my Countrymen, whom in the general I 
wish well to, and that the lowest of them may live in 
such a capacity of Estate, as that the bare interest of 

462 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 55 

their Livelihoods might not altogether depend upon 
persons of the greatest extendments. 

Now those whose abilities here in England are 
capable of maintaining themselves in any reasonable 
and handsom manner, they had best so to rmnain, 
lest the roughness of the Ocean, together with the 
staring visages of the wilde Animals, which they 
may see after their arrival into the Country, may 
alter the natural dispositions of their bodies, that 
the stay'd and solid part that kept its motion by 
Doctor Trigs purgation ary operation, may run beyond 
the byas of the wheel in a violent and laxative con- 
fusion. 

Now contrarywise, they who are low, and make 
bare shifts to buoy themselves up above the shabby 
center of beggarly and incident casualties, I heartily 
could wish the removal of some of them into Mary- 
Land, which would make much better for them that 
stay'd behind, as well as it would advantage those 
that went. 

They whose abilities cannot extend to purchase 
their own transportation into Mary-Land (and surely 
he that cannot command so small a sum for so great 
a matter, his life must needs be mighty low and 
dejected), I say they may for the debarment of a four 
years sordid liberty, go over into this Province and 
there live plentiously well. And what's a four years 
Servitude to advantage a man all the remainder of 
his daj'es, making his predecessors happy in his sulh- 

403 



56 A CHARACTER OP THE 

cient abilities, which he attained to partly by the 
restrainment of so small a time ? 

Now those that commit themselves into the care of 
the Merchant to carry them over, they need not 
trouble themselves with any inquisitive search touch- 
ing their Voyage ; for there is such an honest care 
and provision made for them all the time they remain 
aboard the Ship, and are sailing over, that they want 
for nothing that is necessary and convenient. 

The Merchant commonly before they go aboard the 
Ship, or set themselves in any forwardness for their 
Voyage, has Conditions of Agreements drawn between 
him and those that by a voluntary consent become 
his Servants, to serve him, his Heirs or Assigns, 
according as they in their primitive acquaintance 
have made their bargain (see note No. 34), some two, 
some three, some four years ; and whatever the Mas- 
ter or Servant tyes himself up to here in England by 
Condition, the Laws of the Province will force a per- 
formance of when they come there : Yet here is this 
Priviledge in it when they arrive. If they dwell not 
with the Merchant they made their first agreement 
withall, they may choose whom they will serve their 
prefixed time with; and after their curiosity has 
pitch t on one whom they think fit for their turn, and 
that they may live well withall, the Merchant makes 
an Assignment of the Indenture over to him whom 
they of their free will have chosen to be their Master, 
in the same nature as we here in Englmid (and no 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 57 

otherwise) turn over Covenant Servants or Appren- 
tices from one Master. to another. Then let those 
whose chaps are always breathing forth those filthy 
dregs of abusive exclamations, which are Lymbeckt 
from their sottish and preposterous brains, against 
this Country of Mary-Land, saying. That those which ^ 
are transported over thither, are sold in open Market 
for Slaves, and draw in Carts like Horses ; which is 
so damnable an untruth, that if they should search to 
the very Center of Hell, and enquire for a Lye of the 
most antient and damned stamp, I confidently believe \ 
they could not find one to parallel this : For know. 
That the Servants here in Mary-Land of all Colonies, / 
distant or remote Plantations, have the least cause to/ 
complain, either for strictness of Servitude, want of 
Provisions, or need of Apparel : Five dayes and a half 
in the Summer weeks is the alotted time that they 
work in ; and for two months, w^hen the Sun predomi- 
nates in the highest pitch of his heat, they claim an 
antient and customary Priviledge, to repose themselves 
three hours in the day within the house, and this is 
undeniably granted to them that work in the Fields. 

In the Winter time, which lasteth three months 
(viz.), December, January, and Fehruary, they do little 
or no work or imploynient, save cutting of wood to 
make good fires to sit by, unless their Ingenuity will 
prompt them to hunt the Deer, or Bear, or recreate 
themselves in Fowling, to slaughter tlie Swans, Geese, 
and Turkeys (which this Country aflbrds in a most 



58 A CUARACTER OF THE 



plentiful manner) : For every Servant has a Gun, 
Powder and Shot allowed him, to sport him withall 
on all Holidayes and leasurable times, if he be capable 
of using it, or be willing to learn. 

Now those Servants which come over into this 
Province, being Artificers, they never (during their 
Servitude) work in the Fields, or do any other imploy- 
ment save that which their Handicraft and Mechanick 
endeavours are capable of putting them upon, and are 
esteem'd as well by their Masters, as those that imploy 
them, above measure. He that's a Tradesman here 
in Mary-Land (though a Servant), lives as well as 
most common Handicrafts do in London, though they 
may want something of that Liberty which Freemen 
have, to go and come at their pleasure ; yet if it were 
rightly understood and considered, what most of the 
Liberties of the several poor Tradesmen are taken up 
about, and what a care and trouble attends that thing 
they call Liberty, which according to the common 
translation is but Idleness, and (if weighed in the 
Ballance of a just Reason) will be found to be much 
heavier and cloggy then the four years restrainment 
of a Mary-Land Servitude. He that lives in the 
nature of a Servant in this Province, must serve but 
four years by the Custom of the Country ; and when 
the expiration of his time speaks him a Freeman, 
there's a Law in the Province, that enjoyns his Master 
whom he hath served to give him Fifty Acres of Land, 
Corn to serve him a whole year, three Suits of Apparel, 

466 



raoviNCE OF maiiy-land. 59 



with things necessary to them, and Tools to work 
withall; so that they are no sooner free, but they are 
ready to set up for themselves, and when once entred, 
they live passingly well. (See note No. 35). 

The Women that go over into this Province as Ser- 
vants, have the best luck here as in any place of the 
world besides ; for they are no sooner on shoar, but 
they are courted into a Copulative Matrimony, which 
some of them (for aught I know) had they not come to 
such a Market with their Virginity, might have kept 
it by them untill it had been mouldy, unless they had 
let it out by a yearly rent to some of the Inhabitants 
of Lewhiors-Lime (see note No. 36), or made a Deed 
of Gift of it to Mother Coney, having only a poor 
stipend out of it, untill the Gallows or Hospital called 
them away. Men have not altogether so good luck 
as Women in this kind, or natural preferment, with- 
out they be good Rhetoricians, and well vers'd in the 
Art of perswasion, then (probably) they may ryvet 
themselves in the time of their Servitude into the 
private and reserved favour of their Mistress, if Age 
speak their Master deficient. 

In short, touching the Servants of this Province, 
they live well in the time of their Service, and by 
their restrainment in that time, they are made capa- 
ble of living much better when they come to ha free ; 
which in several other parts of the world I have 
observed, That after some servants have brought their 
indented and limited timi; to a just and legal [)eriod 

¥i1 



60 A CHARACTER OF THE 

by Servitude, they have been much more incapable of 
supporting themselves from sinking into the Gulf of a 
slavish, poor, fettered, and intangled life, then all the 
fastness of their prefixed time did involve them in 
before. 

Now the main and principal Reason of those inci- 
dent casualties, that wait continually upon the resi- 
dences of most poor Artificers, is (I gather) from the 
multiciplicity or innumerableness of those several 
Companies of Tradesmen, that dwell so closely and 
stiflingly together in one and the same place, that 
like the chafing Gum in Watered-Tabby, they eat into 
the folds of one anothers Estates. And this might 
easily be remedied, would but some of them remove 
and disperse distantly where want and necessity calls 
for them ; their dwellings (I am confident) would be 
much larger, and their conditions much better, as well 
in reference to their Estates, as to the satisfactoriness 
of their minds, having a continual imployment, and 
from that imployment a continual benefit, without 
either begging, seducing, or flattering for it, encroach- 
ing that one month from one of the same profession, 
that they are heaved out themselves the next. For 
I have observed on the other side oi Mary-Land, that 
the whole course of most Mechanical endeavours, is 
to catch, snatch, and undervalue one another, to get 
a little work, or a Customer ; which when they have 
attained by their lowbuilt and sneaking circumvent- 
ings, it stands upon so flashy, mutable, and transitory 

468 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 61 

a foundation, that the best of his hopes is commonly 
extinguisht before the poor undervalued Tradesman 
is warm in the enjoyment of his Customer. 

Then did not a cloud of low and base Cowardize 
eclipse the Spirits of these men, these things might 
easily be diverted ; but they had as live take a Bear 
by the tooth, as think of leaving their own Country, 
though they live among their own National people, 
and are governed by the same Laws they have here, 
yet all this wont do with them ; and all the Reason 
they can render to the contrary is, There's a great 
Sea betwixt them and Mary-Land, and in that Sea 
there are Fishes, and not only Fishes but great Fishes, 
and then should a Ship meet with such an inconsi- 
derable encounter as a Whale, one blow with his 
tayle, and then Lord have Mercy upon us: Yet meet 
with these men in their common Exchange, which is 
one story high in the bottom of a Celler, disputing 
over a Black-pot, it would be monstrously dreadful 
here to insert the particulars, one swearing that he 
was the first that scaled the Walls of Dundee, when 
the Bullets tlew about their ears as thick as Hail- 
stones usually fall from the Sky; which if it were but 
rightly examined, the most dangerous Engagement 
that ever he was in, was but at one of the tiashy 
battels at Finshury (see note No. 37), where com- 
monly there's more Custard greedily devoured, tlian 
men prejudiced by the rigour of the War. Others of 
this Company relating their several dreadful exploits, 

469 



62 A CHARACTER OF THE 

and when they are just entring into the particulars, 
let but one step in and interrupt their discourse, by 
telling them of a Sea Voyage, and the violency of 
storms that attends it, and that there are no back- 
doors to run out at, which they call, a handsom 
Retreat and Charge again; the apprehensive danger 
of this is so powerful and penetrating on them, that a 
damp sweat immediately involves their Microcosm, 
so that Margery the old Matron of the Celler, is fain 
to run for a half-peny-worth of Angelica to rub their 
nostrils; and though the Port-hole of their bodies 
has been stopt from a convenient Evacuation some 
several months, theyl'e need no other Suppository to 
open the Orifice of their Esculent faculties then this 
Relation, as their Drawers or Breeches can more at 
large demonstrate to the inquisitive search of the 
curious. 

Now I know that some will be apt to judge, that I 
have written this last part out of derision to some of 
my poor Mechanick Country-men : Truly I must 
needs tell those to their face that think so of me, that 
they prejudice me extremely, by censuring me as 
guilty of any such crime : What I have Avritten is 
only to display the sordidness of their dispositions, 
who rather than they will remove to another Country 
to live plentiously well, and give their Neighbors 
more Elbow-room and space to breath in, they will 
croud and throng upon one another, with the pressure 
of a beggarly and unnecessary weight. 

410 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 63 

That which I have to say more in this business, is 
a hearty and desirous wish, that the several poor 
Tradesmen here in London that I knoAv, and have 
borne an occular testimony of their want, might Hve 
so free from care as I did when I dwelt in the bonds 
of a four years Servitude in Mary-Land. 

Be just (Domes tick Monarchs) unto them 

That dwell as Household Subjects to each Realm ; 

Let not your Power make you be too severe, 

Where there's small faidts reign in your sharp Career : 

So that the Worlds base yelping Creiv 

May'nt bark ichat I have wrote is writ untrue, 

So use your Servants, if there come no more. 

They may serve Eight, instead of serving Four. 



471 



64 A CHARACTER OF THE 



CHAP. IV. 

Upon Ti'afique^ and what Merchandizing Commodities this Province 
awards, also how Tobacco is planted and made Jit /or Commerce. 

TRafique, Commerce, and Trade, are those great 
wheeles that by their circular and continued 
motion, turn into most Kingdoms of the Earth the 
plenty of abundant Riches that they are commonly 
fed withall : For Trafique in his right description, is 
the very soul of a Kingdom; and should but Fate 
ordain a removal of it for some years, from the richest 
and most populous Monarchy that dwells in the most 
fertile clyme of the whole Universe, he would soon 
find by a woful experiment, the miss and loss of so 
reviving a supporter. And I am certainly confident, 
that England would as soon feel her feebleness by 
withdrawment of so great an upholder; as well in 
reference to the internal and healthful preservative of 
her Inhabitants, for want of those Medicinal Drugs 
that are landed upon her Coast every year, as the 
external profits. Glory and beneficial Graces that 
accrue by her. 

Paracelsus might knock down his Forge, if Trafique 
and Commerce should once cease, and grynde the hilt 
of his Sword into Powder, and take some of the Infu- 
sion to make him so valorous, that he might cut his 

472 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 65 

own Throat in the honor of Mercury r Galen might 
then Jjurn his Herbal, and like Joseph of Arimathea, 
build him a Tomb in his Garden, and so rest from his 
labours : Our Physical Collegians of London would 
have no cause then to thunder Fire-balls at Nich. Cul- 
peppers Dispensatory (see note No. 38). All Herbs, 
Roots, and Medicines would bear their original chris- 
tening, that the ignorant might understand them : 
Album grecum would not be Album grecum (see note 
No. 39) then, but a Dogs turd would be a Dogs turd 
in plain terms, in spiglit of their teeth. 

If Trade should once cease, the Custom-house would 
soon miss her hundreds and thousands Hogs-heads of 
Tobacco (see note No. 40), that use to be throng in 
her every year, as well as the Grocers would in their 
Ware-houses and Boxes, the Gentry and Commonalty 
in their Pipes, the Physician in his Drugs and Medi- 
cinal Compositions; The (leering) Waiters for want 
of imployment, might (like so many Diogenes) intomb 
themselves in their empty Casks, and rouling them- 
selves off the Key into the TJmmes, there wander up 
and down from tide to tide in contemjDlation of Aris- 
totles unresolved curiosity, until the rottenness of their 
circular habitation give them a Quietus est, and fairly 
surrender them up into the custody of those who both 
for profession, disposition and nature, lay as near 
claim to them, as if they both tumbled in one belly, 
and for name they jump alike, being according to the 
original translation both Sharkes. 

^ 478 



66 A CHARACTER OF THE 



Silks and Cambricks, and Lawns to make, sleeves, 
would be as soon miss'd at Court, as Gold and Silver 
would be in the Mint and Pockets : The Low-Country 
Soldier would be at a cold stand for Outlandish Furrs 
to make him Muflfs, to keep his ten similitudes warm 
in the Winter, as well as the Furrier for want of 
Skins to uphold his Trade. 

Should Commerce once cease, there is no Country 
in the habitable world but would undoubtedly miss 
that nourishing, splendid and rich gallantry of Equi- 
page, that Trafique maintained and drest her up in, 
before she received that fatal Eclipse : E7igland, 
France, Germany and Spain, together with all the 
Kingdoms 

But stop (good Muse) lest I should, like the Parson 
of Pancras (see note No. 41), run so far from my Text 
in half an hour, that a two hours trot back again 
would hardly fetch it up : I had best while I am 
alive in my Doctrine, to think again of Mary-Land, 
lest the business of other Countries take up so much 
room in my brain, that I forget and bury her in 
oblivion. 

The three main Commodities this Country affords 
for Trafique, are Tobacco, Furrs, and Flesh, Furrs 
and Skins, as Beavers, Otters, Musk-Rats, Ra^koons, 
Wild-Cats, and Elke or Buffeloe (see note No. 42), 
with divers others, which were first made vendible by 
the Indians of the Country, and sold to the Inha- 
bitant, and by them to the Merchant, and so trans- 

474 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 67 

ported into England and other places where it becomes 
most commodious. 

Tobacco is the only solid Staple Commodity of this 
Province : The use of it was first found out by the 
Indians many Ages agoe, and transferr'd into Chris- 
tendom by that great Discoverer of Amei'ica Columbus. 
It's generally made by all the Inhabitants of this 
Province, and between the months of March and April 
they sow the seed (which is much smaller then Mus- 
tard-seed) in small beds and patches digg'd up and 
made so by art, and about Mai/ the Plants commonly 
appear green in those beds : In June they are trans- 
planted from their beds, and set in little hillocks in 
distant" rowes, dug up for the same purpose ; some 
twice or thrice they are Weeded, and succoured from 
their illegitimate Leaves that would be peeping out 
from the body of the Stalk, They top the several 
Plants as they find occasion in their predominating 
rankness : About the middle of Septemhej- they cut 
the Tobacco down, and carry it into houses, (made 
for that purpose) to bring it to its purity : And after 
it has attained, by a convenient attendance upon 
time, to its perfection, it is then tyed up in bundles, 
and packt into Hogs-heads, and then laid by for the 
Trade. 

Between Navemher and January there arrives in 
this Province Shipping to the number of twenty sail 
and upwards (see note No. 43), all Merchant-men 
loaden with Commodities to Trafique and dispose of, 

475 



68 A CHARACTER OF THE 

trucking with the Planter for Silks, Hollands, Serges, 
and Broad-clothes, with other necessary Goods, priz'd 
at such and such rates as shall be judg'd on is fair 
and legal, for Tobacco at so much the pound, and 
advantage on both sides considered; the Planter for 
his work, and the Merchant for adventuring himself 
and his Commodity into so far a Country : Thus is the 
Trade on both sides drove on with a fair and honest 
Decorum. 

The Inhabitants of this Province are seldom or 
never put to the affrightment of being rol^b'd of their 
money, nor to dirty their Fingers by telling of vast 
sums : They have more bags to carry Corn, then 
Coyn ; and though they want, but why should I call 
that a want which is only a necessary miss ? the very 
effects of the dirt of this Province affords as great a 
profit to the general Inhabitant, as the Gold of Pei-u 
doth to the straight-breecht Commonalty of the 
Spaniard. 

Our Shops and Exchanges of Mary-Land, are the 
Merchants Store-houses, where with few words and 
protestations Goods are bought and delivered; not 
like those Shop-keepers Boys in London, that contin- 
ually cry, What do ye lack Sir? What d'ye huy? 
yelping with so wide a mouth, as if some Apothecary 
had hired their mouths to stand open to catch Gnats 
and Vagabond I^lyes in. 

Tobacco is the currant Coyn of Mary-Land, and 
will sooner purchase Commodities from the Merchant, 

«6 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 69 

then money. I must confess the New-England men 
that trade into this Province, had rather have fat 
Pork for their Goods, than Tobacco or Furrs (see note 
No. 44), which I conceive is, because their bodies 
being fast bound up with the cords of restringent 
Zeal, they are fain to make use of the Hneaments 
of this NoTi-Canaanite creature physically to loosen 
them ; for a bit of a pound upon a two-peny Rye loaf, 
according to the original Receipt, will bring the cos- 
tiv'st red-ear'd Zealot in some three hours time to a 
fine stool, if methodically observed. 

iT/ecZe?-a-Wines, Sugars, Salt, Wickar-Chairs, and 
Tin Candlesticks, is the most of the Commodities they 
bring in : They arrive in Mary-Land about Septemher, 
being most of them Ketches and Barkes, and such 
small Vessels, and those dispersing themselves into 
several small Creeks of this Province, to sell and dis- 
pose of their Commodities, where they know the 
Market is most fit for their small Adventures. 

Barhadoes (see note No. 45), together with the 
several adjacent Islands, has much Provision yearly 
from this Province : And though these Sun-burnt 
Phaetons think to outvye Mary-Land in their Silks 
and Puffs, daily speaking against her whom their 
necessities makes them l^eholding to, and like so 
many Don Diegos that becackt Paids, cock their Felts 
and look big upon't ; yet if a man could go down into 
their infernals, and see how it fares with them tliere, 
I Ijclieve he would hardly find any other Spirit to 



70 A CHARACTER OF THE 



buoy them up, then the ill-visaged Ghost of want, 
that continually wanders from gut to gut to feed upon 
the undigested rynes of Potatoes. 

Trafique is Earth^s great Atlas, that supports 
The fay of Armies, and the height of Courts, 
And makes Mechanicks live, that else ivould die 
Meer starving Martyrs to their penury : 
None hut the Merchant of this thing can boast. 
He, like the Bee, comes loadenfrom each Coast, 
And to all Kingdoms, as within a Hive, 
Stoivs up those Riches thai doth make them thrive : 
Be thrifty, Mary-Land, keep what thou hast in store. 
And each years Trafique to thy self get more. 



478 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 71 



A Relation of the Customs, Manners, Absurdities, and 

Religion of the Susquehanock (see note No. 46) 
Indians in and near Mary-Land. 

AS the diversities of Languages (since Babels con- 
fusion) has made the distinction between people 
and people, in this Christendompart of the world ; so 
are they distinguished Nation from Nation, by the 
diversities and confusion of their Speech and Lan- 
guages (see note No. 47) here in Ameiica: And as 
every Nation differs in their Laws, Manners and Cus- 
toms, in Eurojpe, Asia and Africa, so do they the very 
same here; That it would be a most intricate and 
laborious trouble, to run (with a description) through 
the several Nations of Indians here in America, consi- 
dering the innumerableness and diversities of them 
that dwell on this vast and unmeasured Continent : 
But rather then lie be altogether silent, I shall do 
like the Painter in the Comedy, who being to limne 
out the Pourtraiture of the Furies, as they severally 
appeared, set himself behind a Pillar, and between 
fright and amazement, drew them by guess. Those 
Indiaiis that I ha\'e conversed withall here in this 
Province of Mary-Land, and have had any occular 
experimental view of either of their Customs, Man- 
ners, Religions, and Absurdities, are called by the 

479 



72 A CHARACTER OP THE 

name of Susquelianocks, being a people lookt upon by 
the Christian Inhabitants, as the most Noble and 
Heroick Nation of Indians that dwell upon the con- 
fines of America ; also are so allowed and lookt upon 
by the rest of the Indians, by a submissive and tribu- 
tary acknowledgement; being a people cast into the 
mould of a most large and Warlike deportment, the 
men being for the most part seven foot high in lati- 
tude, and in magnitude and bulk suitable to so high 
a pitch ; their voyce large and hollow, as ascending 
out of a Cave, their gate and behavior strait, stately 
and majestick, treading on the Earth with as much 
pride, contempt, and disdain to so sordid a Center, 
as can be imagined from a creature derived from the 
same mould and Earth. 

Their bodies are cloth'd with no other Armour to 
defend them from the nipping frosts of a benumbing 
Winter, or the penetrating and scorching influence of 
the Sun in a hot Summer, then what Nature gave 
them when they parted with the dark receptacle of 
their mothers womb. They go Men, Women and 
Children, all naked, only where shame leads them by 
a natural instinct to be reservedly modest, there they 
become cover'd. The formality of Jezahels artificial 
Glory is much courted and followed by these Indians, 
only in matter of colours (I conceive) they differ. 

The Indians paint upon their faces one stroke of 
red, another of green, another of white, and another 
of black, so that when they have accomplished the 

480 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 73 



Equipage of their Countenance in this trim, they are 
the only Hierogiyphicks and Representatives of the 
Furies. Their skins are naturally white, but altered 
from their originals by the several dyings of Roots 
and Barks, that they prepare and make useful to 
metamorphize their hydes into a dark Cinamon brown. 
The hair of their head is black, long and harsh, but 
where Nature hath appointed the situation of it any 
where else, they divert it (by an antient custom) from 
its growth, by pulling it up hair by hair by the root 
in its primitive appearance. Several of them wear 
divers impressions on their breasts and armes, as the 
picture of the De\dl, Bears, Tigers, and Panthers, 
which are imjorinted on their several lineaments with 
much dilficulty and pain, with an irrevocable determi- 
nation of its abiding there : And this they count a 
badge of Heroick Valour, and the only Ornament due 
to their Heroes. (See note No. 48). 

These Susqv^hanock Indians are for the most part 
great Warriours, and seldom sleep one Summer in the 
quiet armes of a peaceable Rest, but keep (by their 
present Power, as well as by their former Conquest) 
the several Nations of Indians round about them, in a 
forceable obedience and subjection. 

Their Government is wrapt up in so various and 
intricate a Laborynth, that the speculativ'st Artist in 
the whole World, with his artificial and natural 
Opticks, cannot see into the rule or sway of these 
Indians, to distinguish what name of Government to 

10 481 



74 A CHARACTER OF THE 

call them by ; though Purclias (see note No. 49) in 
his Peregrination between Lmidon and Essex, (which 
he calls the whole World) will undertake (forsooth) 
to make a Monarchy of them, but if he had said 
Anarchy, his word would have pass'd with a better 
belief. All that ever I could observe in them as to 
this matter is, that he that is most cruelly Valorous, 
is accounted the most Noble : Here is very seldom 
any creeping from a Country Farm, into a Courtly 
Gallantry, by a sum of money ; nor feeing the Heralds 
to put Daggers and Pistols into their Armes, to make 
the ignorant believe that they are lineally descended 
from the house of the Wars and Conquests 5 he that 
fights best carries it here. 

When they determine to go upon some Design" that 
will and doth require a Consideration, some six of 
them get into a corner, and sit in Juncto; and if 
thought fit, their business is made popular, and imme- 
diately put into action ; if not, they make a full stop 
to it, and are silently reserv'd. 

The Warlike Equipage they put themselves in 
when they prepare for Belonds March, is with their 
faces, armes, and breasts confusedly painted, their 
hair greased with Bears oyl, and stuck thick with 
Swans Feathers, with a wreath or Diadem of black 
and white Beads upon their heads, a small Hatchet, 
instead of a Cymetre, stuck in their girts behind them, 
and either with Guns, or Bow^s and Arrows. In this 
posture and dress they march out from their Fort, or 



TROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 75 

dwelling, to the number of Forty in a Troop, singing 
(or rather howling out) the Decades or Warlike 
exploits of their Ancestors, ranging the wide Woods 
untill their fury has met with an Enemy worthy of 
their Eevenge. What Prisoners fall into their hands 
by the destiny of War, they treat them very civilly 
while they remain with them abroad, but when they 
once return homewards, they then begin to dress them 
in the habit for death, putting on their heads and 
armes wreaths of Beads, greazing their hair with fat, 
some going before, and the rest behind, at equal dis- 
tance from their Prisoners, bellowing in a strange and 
confused manner, which is a true presage and fore- 
runner of destruction to their then conquered Enemy. 
(See note No. 50). 

In this manner of march they continue till they 
have brought them to their Berken City (see note 
No. 51), where they deliver them up to those that in 
cruelty will execute them, without either the legal 
Judgement of a Council of War, or the benefit of their 
Clergy at the Common Law. The common and usual 
deaths they put their Prisoners to, is to bind them to 
stakes, making a fire some distance from them ; then 
one or other of them, whose Genius delights in the art 
of Paganish dissection, with a sharp knife or flint cuts 
the Cutis or outermost skin of the brow so deep, untill 
their nails, or rather Talons, can fasten tliemselves 
firm and secure in, then (with a most rigid jerk) dis- 
robeth the head of skin and hair at one pull, leaving 



76 A CHARACTER OF THE 



the skull almost as bare as those Monumental Skeli- 
tous at Chyrurgions-Hall ; but for fear they should 
get cold by leaving so warm and customary a Cap off, 
they immediately apply to the skull a Cataplasm of 
hot Embers to keep their Pericanium warm. While 
they are thus acting this cruelty on their heads, 
several others are preparing pieces of Iron, and barrels 
of old Guns, which they make red hot, to sear each 
part and lineament of their bodies, which they per- 
form and act in a most cruel and barbarous manner : 
And while they are thus in the midst of their tor- 
ments and execrable usage, some tearing their skin 
and hair of their head off by violence, others searing 
their bodies with hot irons, some are cutting their 
flesh off, and eating it before their eyes raw while 
they are alive ; yet all this and much more never 
makes them lower the Top-gallant sail of their 
Heroick courage, to beg with a submissive Repentance 
any indulgent favour from their persecuting Enemies ; 
but with an undaunted contempt to their cruelty, eye 
it with so slight and mean a respect, as if it were 
below them to value what they did, they courageously 
(while breath doth libertize them) sing the summary 
of their Warlike Atchievements. 

Now after this cruelty has brought their tormented 
lives to a period, they" immediately fall to butchering 
of them into parts, distributing the several pieces 
amongst the Sons of War, to intomb the ruines of 
their deceased Conquest in no other Sepulchre then 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. 77 

their unsanctified maws; which they with more appe- 
tite and desire do eat and digest, then if the best of 
foods should court their stomachs to participate of the 
most restorative Banquet. Yet though they now and 
then feed upon the Carkesses of their Enemies, this is 
not a common dyet, but only a particular dish for the 
better sort (see note No. 52) ; for there is not a Beast 
that runs in the Woods of America, but if they can by 
any means come at him, without any scruple of Con- 
science they'le fall too (without saying Grace) with a 
devouring greediness. 

As for their Rehgion, together with their Rites and 
Ceremonies, they are so absurd and ridiculous, that 
its almost a sin to name them. They own no other 
Deity than the Devil, (solid or profound) but with a 
kind of a wilde imaginary conjecture, they suppose 
from their groundless conceits, that the World had a 
Maker, but where he is that made it, or whether he 
be Uving to this day, they know not. The Devil, as 
I said before, is all the God they own or worship ; 
and that more out of a slavish fear then any real 
Reverence to his Infernal or Diabolical greatness, he 
forcing them to their Obedience by his rough and 
rigid dealing with them, often appearing visibly 
among them to their terrour, bastinadoing them 
(with cruel menaces) even unto death, and Ijurning 
their Fields of Corn and houses, that the relation 
thereof makes them tremble themselves when they 
tell it. 

486 



78 A CHARACTER OF THE 



Once in four years they Sacrifice a Childe to him 
(see note No. 53), in an acknowledgement of their 
firm obedience to all his Devillish powers, and Hellish 
commands. The Priests to whom they apply them- 
selves in matters of importance and greatest distress, 
are like those that attended upon the Oracle at 
Delplios, who by their Magic-spells could command a 
p7'o or con from the Devil when they pleas'd. These 
Indians oft-times raise great Tempests when they 
have any weighty matter or design in hand, and by 
blustering storms inquire of their Infernal God (the 
Devil) Hem matters shall go with tlvem either in puhlick 
or private. (See note No. 54). 

When any among them depart this life, they give 
him no other intombment, then to set him upright 
upon his breech in a hole dug in the Earth some five 
foot long, and three foot deep, covered over with the 
Bark of Trees Arch-wise, with his face Du-West, only 
leaving a hole half a foot square open. They dress 
him in the same Equipage and Gallantry that he used 
to be trim'd in when he was alive, and so bury him 
(if a Soldier) with his Bows, Arrows, and Target, 
together with all the rest of his implements and 
weapons of War, with a Kettle of Broth, and Corn 
standing before him, lest he should meet with bad 
quarters in his way. (See note No. 55) . His Kinred 
and Relations follow him to the Grave, sheath'd in 
Bear skins for close mourning, with the tayl droyling 
on the ground, in imitation of our English Solemners, 

486 



PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND. " 79 



that think there's nothing like a tayl a Degree in 
length, to follow the dead Corpse to the Grave with. 
Here if that snuffling Prolocutor, that waits upon the 
dead Monuments of the Tombs at Westminster, with 
his white Rod were there, he might walk from Tomb 
to Tomb with his, Here lies the Duke of Ferrara and 
hw Dutchess, and never find any decaying vacation, 
unless it were in the moldering Consumption of his 
own Lungs. They bury all within the wall or 
Pallisado'd impalement of their City, or Gonnadago 
(see note No. 56) as the}' call it. Their houses are 
low and long, built with the Bark of Trees Arch-wise, 
standing thick and confusedly together. They are 
situated a hundred and odd miles distant from the 
Christian Plantations of Mary-Land, at the head of a 
River that runs into the Bay of ChcesapiTce, called by 
their own name The Susqueha.noch River, where they 
remain and inhabit most part of the Summer time, 
and seldom remove far from it, unless it be to subdue 
any Forreign Rebellion. 

About Nmemher the best Hunters draw off to 
several remote places of the Woods, where they know 
the Deer, Bear, and Elke useth ; there they build them 
several Cottages, which they call their Winter-quarter, 
where they remain for the space of three months, untill 
they have killed up a sufficiency of Provisions to sup- 
ply their Families with in the Summer. 

The Women are the Butchers, Cooks, and Tillers 
of the ground, the Men think it below the honour of 

4S7 



80 A CHARACTER OP THE 

a Masculine, to stoop to any thing but that which 
their Gun, or Bow and Arrows can command. The 
Men kill the several Beasts which they meet withall 
in the Woods, and the Women are the Pack horses to 
fetch it in upon their backs, fleying and dressing the 
hydes, (as well as the flesh for provision) to make 
them fit for Trading, and which are brought down to 
the Miglish at several seasons in the year, to truck 
and dispose of them for course Blankets, Guns, Pow- 
der and lead, Beads, small Looking-glasses, Knives, 
and Razors. (See note No. 57). 

I never observed all the while I was amongst these 
naked Indians, that ever the Women wore the 
Breeches, or dared either in look or action predomi- 
nate over the Men. They are very constant to their 
Wives; and let this be spoken to their Heathenish 
praise, that did they not alter their bodies by their 
dyings, paintings, and cutting themselves, marring 
those Excellencies that Nature bestowed upon them 
in their original conceptions and birth, there would 
be as amiable beauties amongst them, as any Alex- 
andria could afford, when Mark Anthony and Cleo- 
patra dwelt there together. Their Marriages are 
short and authentique ; for after 'tis resolv'd upon by 
both parties, the Woman sends her intended Husband 
a Kettle of boyl'd Venison, or ' Bear ; and he returns 
in lieu thereof Beaver or Otters Skins, and so their 
Nuptial Rites are concluded without other Ceremony. 
(See note No. 58). 



PROVINCE OP MARY-LAND. 81 

Before I bring my Heathenish Story to a period, I 
have one thing worthy your observation : For as our 
Grammar Rules have it, Non decet quenquam me ire 
currenteim, aut mandantem: It doth not become any 
man to piss running or eating. These Pagan men 
naturally observe the same Rule ; for they are so far 
from running, that like a Hare, they squat to the 
ground as low as they can, while the Women stand 
bolt upright with their armes a Kimbo, performing 
the same action, in so confident and obscene a posture 
(see note No. 59), as if they had taken their Degrees 
of Entrance at Venice, and commenced Bawds of Art 
at Legorne. 



11 



A Collection of some Letters that were written by 

the same Author, most of them in the 

time of his Servitude. 

To my much Honored Friend Mr. T. B. 

Sir, 

I Have lived with sorrow to see the Anointed of the 
Lord tore from his Throne by the hands of Pari- 
cides, and in contempt haled, in the view of God, 
Angels and Men, upon a public Theatre, and there 
murthered. I have seen the sacred Temple of the 
Almighty, in scorn by Schismatics made the Recep- 
tacle of Theeves and Robbers ; and those Religious 
Prayers, that in devotion Evening and Morning were 
offered up as a Sacrifice to our God, rent by Sacri- 
legious hands, and made no other use of, then sold to 
Brothel-houses to light Tobacco with. 

Who then can stay, or will, to see things of so great 
weight steer'd by such barbarous Hounds as these : 
First, were there an Egypt to go down to, I would 
involve my Liberty to them, upon condition ne'er 
more to see my Country. What? live in silence 
under the sway of such base actions, is to give con- 
sent ; and though the lowness of my present Estate 
and Condition, with the hazard I put my future dayes 
upon, might plead a just excuse for me to stay at 
home ; but Heavens forbid : I'le rather serve in 

491 



84 A COLLECTION OF 

Chains, and draw the Plough with Animals, till death 
shall stop and say, It is enough. Sir, if you stay 
behind, I wish you well : I am bound for Mary-Land ^ 
this day I have made some entrance into my intended 
voyage, and when I have done more, you shall know 
of it. I have here inclosed what you of me desired, 
but truly trouble, discontent and business, have so 
amazed my senses, that what to write, or where to 
write, I conceive my self almost as uncapable as he 
that never did write. What you'le find will be Ex 
tempore, without the use of premeditation; and though 
there may want something of a flourishing stile to 
dress them forth, yet I'm certain there wants nothing 
of truth, will, and desire. 

Heavens bright Lanvp^ shine forth some of thy Light, 

But just so long to paint this dismal Night ; 

Then draw thy beams, ayid hide thy glorious face, 

From the dark sable actions of this 'place ; 

Leaving these lustful Sodomites gropirig still, 

To satisfe each dark unsatiate will, 

TJntill at length the crimes that they commit, 

May sink them down to Hells Infernal pit. 

Base and degenerate Earth, how dost thou lye. 

That all that pass hiss, at thy Treachery ? 

Thou which couldst boast once of thy King and Grown, 

By base Mechanicks now art tumbled down, 

Brewers and Coblers, that have scarce an Eye, 

Walk hand in hand in thy Supremacy ; 

And all those Courts where Majesty did Throne, 

Are now the Seats for Oliver and loan : 



HISTORICAL LETTERS. 85 

Persons of Honour, which did before inherit 
Their glorious Titles from deserved merit, 
Are all grown silent, and with wonder gaze, 
To vieiv such Slaves drest in their Courtly rages ; 
To see a Drayman that knows nought but Yeast, 
Set in a Throne like Babylons red Beast, 
While heaps of Parasites do idolize 
This red-nos'd Bell, loith fawning Sacrifice. 
What can ive sag ? our King they've Murthered, 
And those well born, are basely buried : 
Nobles are slain, and Royalists in each street 
Are scorn' d, and kicked by most Men that they meet : 
Religion's banisht, and Heresie survives. 
And none but Conventicks in this Age thrives. 
Oh could those Eomans froin their Ashes rise, 
That Wd in Zero's time : Oh how their cries 
Would our perfidious Island shake, nay rend, 
With clamorous screo.ks unto the Heaven send : 
Oh how they'd blush to see our Crimson crimes, 
And know the Subjects Authors of these times : 
When as the Peasant he shall take his King, 
And without cause shall fall a murihering him ; 
And when that's done, with Pride assume the Chair, 
And Wvcarod-like, himself to heaven rear ; 
Commxmd the People, make the Land Obey 
His baser will, and swear to what he'l say. 
Sure, sure our God has not these evils sent 
To please himself, but for mans punishinent : 
And when he shall from our dark sable Skies 
Withdraw these Clouds, and let our Sun arise, 
Our dayes icill surely then in Glory shine. 
Both in our Temporal, and our State divine : 



86 A COLLECTION OF 



May this come quickly, though I may never see 
This glorious day, yet I loould sympathie, 
And feel a joy run through each vain of blood, 
Though VassaUed on t'other side the Floud. 
Heavens protect his Sacred Majesty, 
From secret Plots, ^ treacherous Villany. 
And that those Slaves that noio predominate, 
Hang'd and destroy'd may be their best of Fate ; 
And though Great Charles be distant from his own, 
Heaven I hope will seat him on his Throne. 

Vale. 



Yours what I may, 
G. A. 



From tlie Chimney Corner upon a 
low cricket, where I writ this in 
the noise of some six Women, 
Aug. 19. Anno 



To my Honored Father at his House. 

Sir, 

BEfore I dare bid Adieu to the old World, or 
shake hands with my native Soyl for ever, I 
have a Conscience inwards tells me, that I must offer 
up the remains of that Obedience of mine, that lyes 
close centered within the cave of my Soul, at the 
Alter, of your paternal Love : And though this Sacri- 
fice of mine may shew something low and thread-bare, 
(at this time) yet know, That in the Zenith of all 



494 



HISTORICAL LETTERS. 87 

actions, Obedience is that great wheel that moves the 
lesser in their circular motion. 

I am now entring for some time to dwell under the 
Government of Neptune, a Monarchy that I was never 
manured to live under, nor to converse with in his 
dreadful Aspect, neither do I know how I shall bear 
with his rough demands ; but that God has carried 
me through those many gusts a shoar, which I have 
met withall in the several voyages of my life, I hope 
will Pilot me safely to my desired Port, through the 
worst of Stormes I shall meet withall at Sea. 

We have strange, and yet good news aboard, that 
he whose vast mind could not be contented with 
spacious Territories to stretch his insatiate desires on, 
is (by an Almighty power) banished from his usuped 
Throne to dwell among the dead. I no sooner heard 
of it, but my melancholly Muse forced me upon this 
ensuing Distich. 

Poor vaunting Earth, gloss' d with uncertain Pride, 
That liv'd in Pomp, yet worse than others dy'd : 
Who shall blow forth a Trumpet to thy praise ? 
Or call thy sable Actions shining Rayes ? 
Such Lights as those blaze forth the vertued dead, 
And make them live, though they are buried. 
Thou'st gone, and to thy memory lei be said. 
There lies that Oliver which of old betrayed 
His King and Master, and after did assume, 
With swelling Pride, to govern in his room. 
Here Tie rest satisfied, Scriptures expound to me, 
Tophet was ynade for such Supremacy. 

495 



A COLLECTION OF 



The death of this great Rebel (I hope) will prove 
an Omen to presage destruction on the rest. The 
World's in a heap of troubles and confusion, and 
while they are in the midst of their changes and 
amazes, the best way to give them the bag, is to go 
out of the World and leave them. I am now bound 
for Mary-Land, and I am told that's a New World, 
but if it prove no better than this, I shall not get 
much by my change; but before I'le revoke my 
Resolution, I am resolv'd to put it to adventure, for I 
think it can hardly be worse then this is : Thus com- 
mitting you into the hands of that God that made 
you, I rest 

Your Ohedie^it Son, 
G. A. 

From aboard a Ship at Graves- 
end, Sept. 7th, Anno 



To my Brother. 

I Leave you very near in the same condition as I 
am in my self, only here lies the difference, you 
were bound at Joyners Hall in London Apprentice- 
wise, and I conditionally at Navigators Hall, that 
now rides at an Anchor at Gravesend ; I hope you 
will allow me to live in the largest Mayordom, by 
reason I am the eldest : None but the main Continent 
of America will serve me for a Corporation to inhabit 

496 



HISTORICAL LETTERS. 89 

in now, though I am affraid for all that, that the 
reins of my Liberty will be something shorter then 
yours will be in London : But as to that, what Des- 
tiny has ordered I am resolved with an adventerous 
Resolution to subscribe to, and with a contented 
imbracement 'enjoy it. I would fain have seen you 
once more in this Old World, before I go into the 
New, I know you have a chain about your Leg, as 
well as I have a clog about my Neck : If you can't 
come, send a line or two, if not, wish me well at least : 
I have one thing to charge home upon you, and I 
hope you will take my counsel, That you have 
alwayes an obedient Respect and Reverence to your 
aged Parents, that while they live they may have 
comfort of you, and when that God shall sound a 
retreat to their lives, that there they may with their 
gray hairs in joy go down to their Graves. 

Thus concluding, wishing you a comfortable Servi- 
tude, a prosperous Life, and the assurance of a happy 
departure in the immutable love of him that made 

you. Vale. 

Your Brother, 

G. A. 

From Oravesend, Sept. 7. Anno 



12 



497 



90 A COLLECTION OF 

To my much Honored Friend Mr. T. B. at his House. 

I Am got ashoar with much ado, and it is very well 
it is as it is, for if I had stayed a- little longer, I 
had certainly been a Creature of the Water, for I had 
hardly flesh enough to carry me to Land, not that I 
wanted for any thing that the Ship could afford me in 
reason : But oh the great bowls of Pease-porridge that 
appeared in sight every day about the hour of twelve, 
ingulfed the senses of my Appetite so, with the 
restringent quality of the Salt Beef, upon the internal 
Inhabitants of my belly, that a Galenist for some days 
after my arrival, with his Bag-pipes of Physical ope- 
rations, could hardly make my Puddings dance in any 
methodical order. 

But to set by these things that happened unto me 
at Sea, I am now upon Land, and there I'le keep my 
self if I can, and for four years I am pretty sure of 
my restraint ; and had I known my yoak would have 
been so easie, (as I conceive it will) I would have 
been here long before now, rather then to have dwelt 
under the pressure of a Rebellious and Trayterous 
Government so long as I did. I dwell now by provi- 
dence in the Province of Mary-Land, (under the quiet 
Government of the Lord Baltemare) which Country 
a bounds in a most glorious prosperity and plenty of 
all things. And though the Infancy of her situation 
might plead an excuse to those several imperfections, 
(if she were guilty of any of them) which by scandal- 



HISTORICAL LETTERS. 91 



ous and imaginary conjectures are falsly laid to her 
charge, and which she values with so little notice or 
perceivance of discontent, that she hardly alters her 
visage with a frown, to let them know she is angry 
with such a Rascality of people, that loves nothing 
better then their own sottish and abusive acclama- 
tions of baseness : To be short, the Country (so far 
forth as I have seen into it) is incomparable. 

Here is a sort of naked Inhabitants,- or wilde 
people, that have for many ages I believe lived here 
in the Woods of Mary-Land, as well as in other parts 
of the Continent, before e'er it was by the Christian 
Discoverers found out; being a people strange to 
behold, as well in their looks, which by confused 
paintings makes them seem dreadful, as in their 
sterne and heroick gate and deportments, the Men 
are mighty tall and big limbed, the Women not alto- 
gether so large; they are most of them very well 
featured, did not their wilde and ridiculous dresses 
alter their original excellencies : The men are great 
Warriours and Hunters, the Women ingenious and 
laborious Housewives. 

As to matter of their Worship, they own no other 
Deity then the Devil, and him more out of a slavish 
fear, then any real devotion, or willing acknowk^dge- 
ment to his Hellish power. They live in little small 
Bark-Cottages, in tlie remote parts of the Woods, 
killing and slaying the several Animals that they 
meet withall to make provision of, dressing tlieir 



92 A COLLECTION OF 

several Hydes and Skins to Trafique withall, when a 
conveniency of Trade presents. I would go on fur- 
ther, but like Doctor GcLse, when he had not a word 
more to speak for himself, / am afft^aid my heloved I 
have kept you too Imig. Now he that made you save 

you. Amen. 

Yours to command, 

G. A. 

From Mary-Land, Febr. 6. Anno 

And not to forget Tom Forge I beseech you, tell 
him that my Love's the same towards him still, and 
as firm as it was about the overgrown Tryal, when 
Judgements upon judgements, had not I stept in, 
would have pursued him untill the day of Judge- 
ment, &G. 



To my Father at Ms House. 

Sir, 

AFter my Obedience (at so great and vast a dis- 
tance) has humbly saluted you and my good 
Mother, with the cordialest of my prayers, wishes, 
and desires to wait upon you, with the very best of 
their effectual devotion, wishing from the very Center 
of my Soul your flourishing and well-being here upon 
Earth, and your glorious and everlasting happiness in 
the World to Come. 

500 



HISTORICAL LETTERS. 93 

These lines (my dear Parents) come from that Son 
which by an irregular Fate was removed from his 
Native home, and after a five months dangerous pas- 
sage, was landed on the remote Continent of America, 
in the Province of Mwy-Land, where now by provi- 
dence I reside. To give you the particulars of the 
several accidents that happened in our voyage by 
Sea, it would swell a Journal of some sheets, and 
therefore too large and tedious for a Letter : I think 
it therefore necessary to bind up the relation in 
Octavo, and give it you in short. 

We had a blowing and dangerous passage of it, and 
for some dayes after I arrived, I was an absolute 
Copernicus, it being one main point of my moral 
Creed, to beheve the World had a pair of long legs, 
and walked with the burthen of the Creation upon 
her back. For to tell you the very truth of it, for 
some dayes upon Land, after so long and tossing a 
passage, I was so giddy that I could hardly tread an 
even step; so that all things both above and below 
(that was in view) appeared to me like the Kentish 
Britains to Willicim the Conqmror, in a moving 
posture. 

Those few number of weeks since my arrival, has 
given me but little experience to write any thing 
large of the Country ; only thus much I can say, and 
that not from any imaginary conjectures, but from an 
occular observation. That this Country of M(try-Ltmd 
abounds in a flourishing variety of delightful Woods, 



94 A COLLECTION OP 

pleasant groves, lovely Springs, together with spacious 
Navigable Rivers and Creeks, it being a most helthful 
and pleasant situation, so far as my knowledge has 
yet had any view in it. 

Herds of Deer are as numerous in this Province of 
Mary-Land, as Cuckolds can be in London, only their 
horns are not so well drest and tipt with silver as 
theirs are. 

Here if the Devil had such a Vagary in his head as 
he had once among the Gadareans, he might drown 
a thousand head of Hogs and they'd ne're be miss'd, 
for the very Woods of this Province swarms with 
them. 

The Christian Inhabitant of this Province, as to the 
general, lives wonderful well and contented : The 
Government of this Province is by the loyalness of 
the people, and loving demeanor of the Proprietor 
and Governor of the same, kept in a continued peace 
and unity. 

The Servant of this Province, which are stigmatiz'd 
for Slaves by the clappermouth jaws of the vulgar in 
England, live more like Freemen then the most 
Mechanick Apprentices in London, wanting for 
nothing that is convenient and necessary, and accord- 
ing to their several capacities, are extraordinary well 
used and respected. So leaving things here as I 
found them, and lest I should commit Sacriledge 
upon your more serious meditations, with the Tau- 
tologies of a long-winded Letter, I'le subscribe with a 



HISTORICAL LETTERS. 95 

heavenly Ejaculation to the God of Mercy to preserve 
you now and for evermore, Amen. 

Yonr Ohedient Son, 

G. A. 

From Mary-Land, Jan. 17. Anno 



To my much Honored Friend Mr. M. F. 
Sir, 

YOu writ to me when I was at Gravesend, (but I 
had no conveniency to send you an answer till 
now) enjoyning me, if possible, to give you a just 
Information by my diligent observance, what thing 
were best and most profitable to send into this 
Country for a commodious Trafique. 

Sir, The enclosed will demonstrate unto you both 
particularly and at large, to the full satisfaction of 
your desire, it being an Invoyce drawn as exact to 
the business you imployed me upon, as my weak 
capacity could extend to. 

Sir, If you send any Adventure to this Province, 
let me beg to give you this advice in it; That the 
Factor whom you imploy be a man of a Brain, other- 
wise the Planter will go near to make a Skimming- 
dish of his Skull : I know your Genius can interpret 
my meaning. The people of this place (whether the 
saltness of the Ocean gave them any alteration when 
they went over first, or their continual dwelling under 

coa 



96 A COLLECTION OF 

the remote Clyme where they now inhabit, I know 
not) are a more acute people in general, in matters of 
Trade and Commerce, then in any other place of the 
World (see note No. 60), and by their crafty and sure 
bargaining, do often over-reach the raw and unex- 
perienced Merchant. To be short, he that undertakes 
Merchants imployment for Mary-Land, must have 
more of Knave in him then Fool ; he must not be a 
windling piece of Formality, that will lose his Im- 
ployers Goods for Conscience sake ; nor a flashy piece 
of Prodigality, that will give his Merchants fine 
Hollands, Laces, and Silks, to purchase the benevo- 
lence of a Female : But he must be a man of solid 
confidence, carrying alwayes in his looks the Effigies 
of an Execution upon Command, if he supposes a 
baffle or denyal of payment, where a debt for his 
Imployer is legally due. (See note No. 61). 

Sir, I had like almost to forgot to tell you in what 
part of the World I am : I dwell by providence Ser- 
vant to Mr. Thomas Stocket (see note No. 62), in the 
County of Baltemore, within the Province of Mary- 
Land, under the Government of the Lord Baltemore, 
being a Country abounding with the variety and 
diversity of all that is or may be rare. But lest I 
should Tantalize you with a relation of that which is 
very unlikely of your enjoying, by reason of that 
strong Antipathy you have ever had 'gainst Travel, 
as to your own particular: I'le only tell you, that 
Mary-Land is seated within the large extending armes 



HISTORICAL LETTERS. 97 

of America, between the Degrees of 36 and 38, being 
in Longitude from Eiiylaud eleven hundred and odd 
Leagues. 

Vale. 

G. A. 

From Mary-Land, Jan. 17. Anno 



To my Honored Friend Mr. T. B. at his House. 
Sir, 

YOurs I received, wherein I find my self much 
obliged to you for your good opinion of me, I 
return you millions of thanks. ' 9 

Sir, you wish me well, and I pray God as well that 
those wishes may light upon me, and then I question 
not but all will do well. Those Pictures you sent 
sewed up in a Pastboard, with a Letter tacked on the 
outside, you make no mention at all what should be 
done with them : If they are Saints, unless I knew 
their names, I could make no use of them. Pray in 
your next let me know what they are, for my fingers 
itch to be doing with them one way or another. Our 
Government here hath had a small fit of a Rebellious 
Quotidian, (see note No. 63), but five Grains of the 
powder of Subvertment has qualified it. Pray be 
larger in your next how things stand in EiKjland : I 
understand His Majesty is return'd with Ilcmour, and 
seated in the hereditary Throne of his Father; God 

■I'J 505 



98 A COLLECTION OF 



bless him from Traytors, and the Church from Sacri- 
legious Schisms, and you as a loyal Subject to the 
one, and a true Member to the other; while you so 
continue, the God of order, peace and tranquility, 

bless and preserve you. Amen. 

Vale. 

Your real Friend, 

G. A. 

From Mary-Land, Febr. 20. Anno 



To my Honored Father at his House. 
, Sir, 

"X 7"^ TIth a twofold unmeasurable joy I received 
Y Y your Letter : First, in the consideration of 
Gods great Mercy to you in particular, (though weak 
and aged) yet to give you dayes among the living. 
Next, that his now most Excellent Majesty Charles 
the Second, is by the omnipotent Providence of God, 
seated in the Throne of his Father. I hope that God 
has placed him there, will give him a heart to praise 
and magnifie his name for ever, and a hand of just 
Revenge, to punish the murthering and rebellious 
Outrages of those Sons of shame and Apostacy, that 
Usurped the Throne of his Sacred Honour. Near 
about the time I received your Letter, (or a little 
before) here sprang up in this Province of Mary-Land 
a kind of pigmie Rebellion : A company of weak- 

506 



HISTORICAL LETTERS. 99 

witted men, which thought to have traced the steps 
of Olwer in Rebellion (see note No. 63). They 
began to be mighty stiff and hidebound in their pro- 
ceedings, clothing themselves with the tlasliy pre- 
tences of future and imaginary honour, and (had they 
not been suddenly quell'd) they might have done so 
much mischief (for aught I know) that nothing but 
utter mine could have ransomed their headlong follies. 

His Majesty appearing in England, he quickly (by 
the splendor of his Rayes) thawed the stiffness of 
their frozen and slippery intentions. All things 
(blessed be God for it) are at peace and unity here 
now : And as Lather being asked once. What he 
thought of some small Opinions that started up in his 
time? answered, T1iat he thought them to he good honest 
people, exempting their error : So I judge of these men, 
That their thoughts were not so bad at first, as their 
actions would have led them into in process of time. 

I have here enclosed sent you something written in 
haste upon the Kings coming to the enjoyment of his 
Throne, with a reflection upon the former sad and 
bad times ; I have done them as well as I could, con- 
sidering all things : If they are not so well as they 
should be, all I can do is to wish them better for your 
sakes. My Obedience to you and my Mother alwayes 

devoted. 

Your Son 

G. A. 

From Mary-Land, Febr. 9. Anno 

607 



100 A COLLECTION OP 



To my Cosen Mris. Ellinor Evins. 

E' re I forget the Zenith of your Love, 
L et me be hanisht from the Thrones above ; ■ 
L ighi let me never see, when I grow rude, 
I 7iiomb your Love in base Ingratitude : 
'N or may I prosper, but the state 

f gaping Tantalus be my fate; 

R ather then I should thus pj'eposterous grow, 
E arth would condemn me to her vaults below. 
V ertuous and Noble, could my Genius raise 

1 mmortal Anthems to your Vestal praise, 
'E one should be more laborious than I, 

S aint-like to Canonize you to the Sky. 

The Antimonial Cup (dear Cosen) you sent me, I 
had; and as soon as I received it, I went to work 
with the Infirmities and Diseases of my body. At 
the first draught, it made such havock among the 
several humors that had stolen into my body, that 
like a Conjurer in a room among a company of little 
Devils, they no sooner hear him begin to speak high 
words, but away they pack, and happy is he that can 
get out first, some up the Chimney, and the rest down 
stairs, till they are all disperst. So those malignant 
humors of my body, feeling the operative power, and 
medicinal virtue of this Cup, were so amazed at their 
sudden surprizal, (being alwayes before battered only 
by the weak assaults of some few Empyricks) they 
stood not long to dispute, but with joynt consent 

.508 



HISTORICAL LETTERS. 101 

made their retreat, some running through the sink of 
the Skullery, the rest climbing up my ribs, took my 
mouth for a Garret-window, and so leapt out. 

Cosen, For this great kindness of yours, in sending 
me this medicinal vertue, I return you my thanks : 
It came in a very good time, when I was dangerously 
sick, and by the assistance of God it hath perfectly 
recovered me. 

I have sent you here a few Furrs, they were all I 
could get at present, I humbly beg your acceptance 
of them, as a pledge of my love and thankfulness unto 
you ; I subscribe, 



Your loving Gosen, 

G. A. 



From Mary Land, Dec. 9. Anno 



To 31y Brother P. A. 

Brother, 

I Have made a shift to unloose my self from my 
Collar now as well as you, but I see at present 
either small pleasure or profit in it : What the futu- 
raUty of my dayes will bring forth, I know not ; For 
while I was linckt with the Chain of a restraining 
Servitude, I had all things cared for, and now I have 
all things to care for my self, which makes me almost 
to wish my self in for the other four years. 

Liberty without money, is like a man opprest with 
the Gout, every step he puts forward puts him to 

600 



102 A COLLECTION OP 



pain ; when on the other side, he that has Coyn with 
his Liberty, is like the swift Post-Messenger of the 
Gods, that wears wings at his heels, his motion being 
swift or slow, as he j^leaseth. 

I received this year two Caps, the one white, of an 
honest plain countenance, the other purple, which I 
conceive to be some antient Monumental Relique ; 
which of them you sent I know not, and it was a 
wonder how I should, for there was no mention in 
the Letter, more then, that my Brother had sent me a 
Gap: They were delivered me in the company of 
some Gentlemen that ingaged me to write a few lines 
upon the purple one, and because they were my 
Friends I could not deny them; and here I present 
them to you as they were written. 

Hailefrom the dead, or from Eternity, 
Thou Velvit Relique of Antiquity ; 
Thou which appear' st here in thy purple hew, 
TeWs hoiD the dead within their Tombs do doe ; 
How those Ghosts fare within each Marble Cell, 
Where amongst them for Ages thou didst dwell. 
What Brain didst cover there ? tell us that we 
Upon our knees vayle Hats to honour thee : 
And if no honour's due, tell us whose pate 
Thou basely cover edst, and we'ljoynily hate : 
Let's know his name, thai we may shew neglect ; 
If otherwise, we' I kiss thee with respect. 
Say, didst thou cover Noll's old brazen head, 
Which on the top of Westminster high Lead 

510 



HISTORICAL LETTERS. 103 

Stands on a Pole, erected to the sky, 
As a grand Trojjhi/ to his memory/. 
From his perfidious skull didst thou fall down, 
In a dis-dain to honour such a crown 
With three-jnle Velvet ? tell yne, hadst thou thy fall 
From the high top of thai Cathedral F 
None of the Heroes of the Roman stem, 
Wore ever such a fashion'd Diadem, 
Didst thou speak Turkish in thy unknown dress, 
Thou^dst cover Great Mogull, and no man less ; 
But in thy make methinks thou'ri too too scant. 
To be so great a Monarch's Turherant. 
The Jews by Moses swear, they never knew 
EWe such a Cap dresi up in Hebrew : 
Nor the strict Order of the Romish See, 
Wears any Cap that looks so base as thee ; 
His Holiness hates thy Lowness, and instead. 
Wears Peters spired Steeple on his head : 
The Cardinals descent is much more flat, 
For want of name, baptized is A Hat ; 
Through each strict Order has my fancy ran, 
Both Ambrose, Austin, and the Franciscan, 
Where I beheld rich Images of the dead, 
Yet scarce had one a Cap upon his head : 
Episcopacy wears Caps, but not like thee, 
Though sevei'al shaped, with much diversity : 
' Twere best I think 1 presently should gang 
To Edenburghs strict Presbyterian ; 
But Caps they've none, their ears being made so large, 
Serves them to turn it like a Garnesey Barge ; 
Those keep their skulls warm against North-west gusts, 
When they in Pulpit do poor Calvin curse. 

511 



104 A COLLECTION OP 

Thoa art not Fortunatus, /or I daily see, 
That 'which I wish is farthest off from me : 
Thy lovhbuilt state none ever did advance. 
To christen thee the Cap of Maintenance ; 
Then till I know from whence thou didst derive. 
Thou shalt be call'd, the Cap of Fugitive. 

You writ to me this year to send you some Smoak ; 
at that instant it made me wonder that a man of a 
rational Soul, having both his eyes (blessed be God) 
should make so unreasonable a demand, when he that 
has but one eye, nay he which has never a one, and 
is fain to make use of an Animal conductive for his 
op tick guidance, cannot endure the prejudice that 
Smoak brings with it : But since you are resolv'd 
upon it, rie dispute it no further. 

I have sent you that which will make Smoak, 
(namely Tobacco) though the Funk it self is so 
slippery that I could not send it, yet I have sent you 
the Substance from whence the Smoak derives : What 
use you imploy it to I know not, nor will I be too 
importunate to know ; yet let me tell you this. That 
if you burn it in a room to affright the Devil from 
the house, you need not fear but it will work the 
same effect, as Tobyes galls did upon the leacherous 
Fiend. No more at present. Vale. 

Your Brother, 

G. A. 

From Mary-Land, Dec. 11. Anno 



613 



HISTORICAL LETTERS. 105 



To mtj Honored Friend Mr. T. B. 
Sir, 

Tllis is the entr.ance upon my fifth year, and I 
fear 'twill prove the worst : 1 have been very 
much troubled with a throng of unruly Distempers, 
that have (contrary to my expectation) crouded into 
the Main-guard of my body, when the drowsie Senti- 
nels of my brain were a sleep. Where they got in I 
know not, but to my grief and terror I find them 
predominant : Yet as Doctor Dunne, sometimes Dean 
of St. Pauls, said, That the bodies diseases do hut mellow 
a man for Heaven, and so ferments him in this World, 
as lie shall need no long concoction in the Grave, hut 
hxxsten to the Resurrection. And if this were weighed 
seriously in the Ballance of Religious Reason, the 
World we dwell in would not seem so inticing and 
bewitching as it doth. 

We are only sent by God of an Errand into this 
World, and the time that's allotted us for to stay, is 
only for an Answer. When God my great Master 
shall in good earnest call me home, which these 
warnings tell me I have not long to stay, I hope then 
T shall be able to give him a good account of my 
Message. 

Sir, My weakness gives a stop to my writing, my 
hand being so shakingly feeble, that I can hardly 
hold my pen any further then to tell you, I am yours 

14 513 



106 A COLLECTION OF 



while I live, which 1 believe will be but some few 
minutes. 

If this Letter come to you before I'me dead, pray 
for me, but if I am gone, pray howsoever, for they 
can do me no harm if they come after me. 

Vale. 
You7' real Fi^iend, 
G. A. 

From Mary-Land, Dec. 13. Anno 



To my Parents. 

FRom the Grave or Receptacle of Death am I 
raised, and by an omnipotent power made capa- 
ple of offering once more my Obedience (that lies 
close cabbined in the inwardmost apartment of my 
Soul) at the feet of your immutable Loves. 

My good Parents, God hath done marvellous things 
for me, far beyond my deserts, which at best were 
preposterously sinful, and unsuitable to the sacred 
will of an Almighty : But he is merciful, and his mercy 
endures for ever. When sinful man has by his Evils 
and Iniquities pull'd some penetrating Judgment upon 
his head, and finding himself immediately not able to 
stand under so great a burthen as Gods smallest 
stroke of Justice, lowers the Top-gallant sayle of his 
Pride, and with an humble submissiveness prostrates 
himself before the Throne of his sacred Mercy, and 

514 



HISTORICAL LETTERS. 107 

like those three Lepars that sate at the Gate of 
Samwria, resolved, If we go into the City we shall perish, 
and if ice stay liere we shall perish also : Tlierefoi^e we 
tcill throw our selves into the hands of the Assyrians and 
if loe perish, we perish: This was just my condition as 
to eternal state ; my soul was at a stand in this black 
storm of affliction : I view'd the World, and all that's 
pleasure in her, and found her altogether flashy, aiery, 
and full of notional pretensions, and not one firm 
place where a distressed Soul could hang his trust on. 
Next I viewed my self, and there I found, instead of 
good Works, Hvely Faith, and Charity, a most horrid 
neast of condemned Evils, bearing a supreme Prero- 
gative over my internal faculties. You'l say here 
was little hope of rest in this extreme Eclipse, being 
in a desperate amaze to see my estate so deplorable : 
My better Angel urged me to deliver up my aggriev- 
ances to the Bench of Gods Mercy, the sure support 
of all distressed Souls : His Heavenly warning, and 
inward whispers of the good Spirit I was resolv'd to 
entertain, and not quench, and throw my self into the 
armes of a loving God, If I perish, I perish. 'Tis 
beyond wonder to think of the love of God extended 
to sinful man, that in the deepest distresses or agonies 
of Affliction, when all other things prove rather 
hinderances then advantages, even at that time God 
is ready and steps forth to the supportment of his 
drooping Spirit. Truly, about a fortnight before I 
wrote this. Letter, two of our ablest Physicians ren- 



108 HISTORICAL LETTERS. 



dered me up into the hands of God, the universal 
Doctor of the whole World, and subscribed with a 
silent acknowledgement, That all their Arts, screw'd 
up to the very Zenith of Scholastique perfection, were 
not capable of keeping me from the Grave at that 
time : But God, the great preserver of Soul and Body, 
said contrary to the expectation of humane reason. 
Arise, take up thy bed and walk. 

I am now (through the help of my Maker) creeping 
up to my former strength and vigour, and every day 
I live, I hope I shall, through the assistance of divine 
Grace, climbe nearer and nearer to my eternal home. 

I have received this year three Letters from you, 

one by Capt. Conway Commander of the Wheat-Sheaf, 

the others by a Bristol Ship. Having no more at 

present to trouble you with, but expecting your 

promise, I remain as ever, 

Your dutiful Son, 

G. A. 

Mary-Land, April 9. Anno 

I desire my hearty love may be remembered to my 
Brother, and the rest of my Kinred. 



FINIS. 



516 



NOTES. 



Note 1, page 15. 

After having resolved to reprint Alsop's early account of Maryland, as au 
addition to my Bibliotheca Americana, I immediately fell in with a difficulty 
wliicli I liad not counted on. After mudi inciuiry and investigation, I could 
find no copy to print from among all my earnest book collecting acquaint- 
ances. At length some one informed me that Mr. Bancroft the historian 
had a copy in his library. I immediately took the liberty of calling on him 
and making known my wants, he generously offered to let me have the 
use of it for the jiurpose stated, I carried the book home, had it carefully 
copied, but unfortunately during the ]>rocess I discovered the text was 
imperfect as well as deficient in both portrait and map. Like Sisyphus I 
had to begin anew, and do nearly all my labor over ; I sent to London to 
learn if the functionaries in the British Museum would pennit a tracing of 
the portrait and map to be made from their copy, the answer returned was, 
that they would or could not permit this, but I might perfect my text if I 
so choosed by copying from theirs. Here I was once inore at sea without 
compass, rudder, or chart : I made known nij- condition to an eminent and 
judicious collector of old American literature in the city of New York, he 
very frankly informed me that he could aid me in my difficulty by letting 
me have the use of a copy, which would relieve me from my present 
dilemma. I was greatly rejoiced at this discovery as well as by the gene- 
rosity of the owner. The following day the book was put into my possession, 
and so by the aid of it was enabled to complete the text. Here another 
difficulty burst into view, this copy had no portrait. That being the only 
defect in perfecting a copy of Alsop's book, 1 now resolved to proceed and 
publish it without a portrait, but perhaps fortunately, making known this 
resolve to some of the knowing ones in book gathering, they remonstrated 
against this course, adding that it would ruin the book in the estimation f)f 
all who would buy sucli a rarity. I was inclined to listen favorably to this 
protest, and therefore had to commence a new (iffort to obtain a portrait. 
I then laid about me again to try and ])rocure a copy that had one : I knew 
that not more than three or four collectors in the country who were likely 
to have such an h(;ir-loom. To one living at a considtirabh; distance from 
New York I took the liberty of addressing a letter on the subjt^ct, wlirnun I 
made known my difficulties. To my great gratification this courteous and 
confiding gentleman not only innnediately made answer, but sent a ])erfect 
copy of this rare and much wanti^d book for my use. I innnediately had the 

517 



110 NOTES. 

portrait and map reproduced by the photo-lithographic process. During 
the time the book was in my possession, which was about ten days, so 
fearful was I that any harm should befall it that I took the precaution to 
wrap up the precious little volume in tissue paper and cany it about with 
me all the time in my side pocket, well knowing that if it was either injured 
or lost I covild not replace it. I understand that a perfect copy of the 
original in the London market would bring fifty pounds sterling. I had 
the satisfaction to learn it reached the generous owner in safety. 

Had I known the difficulties I had to encounter of procuring a copy of 
the original of Alsop's singular performance, I most certainly would never 
have undertaken to reproduce it in America. Mr. Jared Sparks told me 
that he had a like difficulty to encounter when he vindertook to write the 
life of Ledyard the traveler. Said he : " a copy of his journal I could find 
nowhere to purchase, at length I was compelled to borrow a copy on very 
humiliating conditions ; the owner perhaps valued it too highly." I may 
add that I had nearly as much difficulty in securing an editor, as I had in pro- 
curing a perfect copy. However on this point I at last was very fortunate. 

William Gowans. 

115 Nassau street, March 23d, 1869. 



Note 3, 'page 19. 

Cecilius, Lord Baltimore, eldest son of George Calvert, 1st Lord Baltimore, 
and Anne Wynne of Hertingfordbury, England, was born in 1606. He 
succeeded to the title April 15, 1632, and married Anne, daughter of Lord 
Arundel, whose name was given to a county in Maryland. His rule over 
Maryland, disturbed in Cromwell's time, but restored under Charles II, has 
always been extolled. He died Nov. 30, 1675, covered with age and repu- 
tation. — O'Callaghan's N. T. Col. Doc, ii. p. 74. 



Note 3, page 19. 

Avalon, the territory in Newfoundland, of which the first Lord Baltimore 
obtained a grant in 1623, derived its name from the spot in England where, 
as tradition said, Christianity was first preached by Joseph of Arimathea. 



Note 4:,page 21. 

Owen Feltham, as our author in his errata correctly gives the name, was 
an author who enjoyed a great reputation in his day. His Resolves appeared 
first about 1620, and in 1696 had reached the eleventh edition. They were 
once reprinted in the 18th century, and in full or in part four times in the 

518 



NOTES. Ill 

19th, and an edition appeared in America about 1830. Hallam in spite of 
this popularity calls him " labored, artificial and shallow." 



Note 5, page 24. 

Burning on the hand was not so much a punishment as a mark on those 
who, convicted of felony, pleaded the benefit of clergy, which they were 
allowed to do once only. 

Note 6, page 25. 
Literally : " Good wine needs no sign." 



Note 7, page 26. 

Billingsgate is the great fish market of London, and the scurrilous 
tongues of the fish women have made the word synonymous with vulgar 
abuse. 

Note 8, page 28. 

Alsop though cautiously avoiding Maryland politics, omits no fling at the 
Puritans. Pride was a parliament colonej famous for Pride's Purge. 



Notes 9, 10, pages 31, 33. 

William Bogherst, and H. W., Master of Arts, have eluded all our efforts 
to immortalize them. 

Note 11, page Z5. 
1 Chesapeake is said to be K'tchisipik, Great Water, in AlgonqmnN 

Note 13, page 38. 



Less bombast and some details as to the botany of Maryland would have 
been preferable. 

Note 13, page 39. 

The American deer {Cariacus Virginianus) is hero evidently meant. 

619 



112 NOTES. 



Note 14, page 39. 

Whetston's (Whetstone) park : " A dilapidated street in Lincoln's Inn 
Fields, at the back of Holborn. It contains scarcely anything but old, half- 
tumble down houses ; not a living plant of any kind adorns its nakedness, 
so it is presumable that as a park it never had an existence, or one so remote 
that even tradition has lost sight of the fact." 



Note 15, page 39. 

The animals here mentioned are the black wolf (canis occidentalis), the 
black bear, the panther {felis concolor). 



Note 16, page 40. 

These animals are well known, the elk {alces Americanus), cat o' the 
mountain or catamount {felis concolor), raccoon (procyon lotor), fox {mdpes 
fuhus), beaver {castor fiber), otter {lutra), opossum {didelphys Virginiana), 
hare, squirrel, musk-rat {fiber zibethicus). The monack is apparently the 
Maryland marmot or woodchuck {arctomys monax). 



Note 17, page 40. 

The domestic animals came chiefly from Virginia. As early as May 27, 
1634, they got 100 swine from Accomac, with 30 cows, and they expected 
goats and hens {Relation of Maryland, 1634). Horses and sheep had to be 
imported from England, Virginia being unable to give any. Yet in 1679 
Dankers and Sluyters, the Labadists, say : " Sheep they have none." — 
Collections Long Island Hist. Soc, i, p. 218. 



Note IS, page 41. 

Alluding to the herds of swine kept by the Gadarenes, into one of which 
the Saviour allowed the devil named Legion to enter. 



Note 19, page 42. 

The abundance of these birds is mentioned in the Relations of Maryland, 
1634, p. 22, and 1635, p. 23. The Labadists with whose travels the Hon. 

520 



NOTES. 113 

n. C. Murpliy has enriched our literature, found the geese in 1679-80 so 
plentiful and noisy as to prevent their sleeping, and the ducks filling the 
sky like a cloud. — Loiiff Island Hint. Coll., i, pp. 195, 204. 



J^ote 30, 2^(t'ffC 43. 

Alsop makes no allusion to the cultivation of maize, yet the Lahadists 
less than twenty years after describe it at length as the principal grain 
crop of Maryland. — lb., ]). 216. 



I^ote 21, ^)rt^e 45. 

Considering the facts of history, this picture is sadly overdrawn, Maryland 
having had its full share of civil war. 



I^ote 22, imge AG. 

The fifth monarchy men were a set of religionists who arose during the 
Puritan rule in England. They believed in a fifth universal monarchy of 
which Christ was to be the head, under whom they, his saints, were to 
possess the earth. In 1660 they caused an outbreak in London, in which 
many were killed and others tried and executed. Their leader was one 
Venn<;r. The Adamites, a gnostic sect, who pretended that regenerated 
man should go naked like Adam and Eve in their state of innocence, were 
revived during the Pviritan rule in England ; and in our time in December, 
1867, we have seen the same theory held and practiced in Newark, N. J. 



mte 23, page 46. 

In the provisional act, passed in the first assembly, March 19, 1688, and 
entitled "An Act ordaining certain laws for the government of this pro- 
vince," the twelfth section required that "every person planting tobacco 
shall plant and tend two acres of corn." A special act was introduced the 
same session and read twice, but not i)assed. A new law was j)assed, how- 
ever, Oct. 23, 1640, n-newed Aug. 1. 1642, April 21, 1649, Oct. 20, 1654, 
April 12, 1(562, and mad(^ periietual in 1676. These acts imposed a fine of 
fifty i)()unds of tobacco tor every half acre tlie offender fell short, Ix-sides 
fifty pounds of the same current leaf as constables' fees. It was to this 
jKjrsistent enforcement of the cultivation of cereals that Maryland so soon 
became the granary of New England. 

15 r.2i 



114 NOTES. 



Note 24, page 47. 

The Assembly, or House of Burgesses, at first consisted of all freemen, but 
tbey gradually gave place to delegates. The influence of the proprietary, 
however, decided the selection. In 1650 fourteen burgesses met as dele- 
gates or representatives of the several hundreds, there being but two 
counties organized, St. Marys and the Isle of Kent. Ann Arundel, called 
at times Providence county, was erected April 29, 1650. Patuxent was 
erected under Cromwell in 1654. — Bacon's Laics of Maryland, 1765. 



Note 25, page 47. 

Things had changed when the Sot Weed Factor appeared, as the author 
of that satirical poem dilates on the litigious character of the people. 



Note 26, page 47. 
The allusion here I have been unable to discover. 

Note 27, page 48. 

The colony seems to have justified some of this eulogy by its good order, 
which is the more remarkable, considering the height of party feeling. 



Note 28, page 48. 

Halberdeers ; the halberd was smaller than the partisan, with a sharp 
pointed blade, with a point on one side like a pole-axe. 



Note 29, 2yage 49. 
Newgate, Ludgate and Bridewell are the well known London prisons. 

Note 30, page 50. 

Our author evidently failed from this cause. 

522 



NOTES. 115 

A fling at the various Puritan schools, then active at home and abroad. 

Wote 32, pnge 50. 

The first Quakers in Maiylaud were Elizabeth Harris, Josiah Cole, and 
Thomas Tliurston, who visited it in 1G57, but as early as July 2'i, 1659, the 
governor and council issued an order to seize any Quakers and whip them 
from constable to constable out of the province. Yet in spite of this they 
had settled meetings as early as 1661, and Peter Sharpc, the Quaker 
physician, appears as a landholder in 1605, the very year of Alsop's publi- 
cation. — j^onis, Early Friends or Quakers in Maryland (Maryland Hist. 
Soc, March, 18G3). 

Note 33, page 50. 

The Baptists centering in Rhode Island, extended across Long Island to 
New Jersey, and thence to New York city ; but at this time had not reached 
the south. 

Note 34, page 56. 

A copy of the usual articles is given in the introduction. Alsop here refutes 
current charges against the Marylanders for their treatment of servants. 
Hammond, in his Leah and Rachel, p. 12, says : " The labour servants are 
put to is not so hard, nor of such continuance as husbandmen nor hande- 
craftmen are kept at in England. .... The women are not (as is reported) 
put into the ground to worke, but occupie such domestic imployments and 
housewifery as in England." 

Note 35, page 59. 

Laws as to the treatment of servants were passed in the Provisional act 
of 1638, and at many subsequent assi-mblies. 

Notes 36, 37, pages 59, 61. 

Lewknors lane or Cliarles street was in Drury lane, in tlie parisli of St. 
Giles. — Seymour's History of London, ii, p. 767. Finsbury is still a well 
known quarter, in St. Luke's parish, Middlesex. 

52.3 



116 NOTES. 



Note 38, pmje 65. 

Nicholas Culpepper, " student in pliysic and astrology," whose EnglUh 
Physician, published in 1653, ran through many editions, and is still a book 
published and sold. 



Note 39, j)age 65. 

Dogs dung, used in dressing morocco, is euphemized into alhtim grcecum, 
and is also called 'pure ; those who gather it being still styled in England 
pure-finders. — Mayhew, London Lcibor and London Poor, ii, p. 158. 



Note 40, page 65. 

He has not mentioned tobacco as a crop, but describes it fully a few pages 
after. In Maryland as in Virginia it was the currency. Thus in 1638 an 
act authorized the erection of a water-mill to supersede hand-mills for 
grinding grain, and the cost was limited to 20,000 lbs. of tobacco. — MeSherry's 
History of Maryland, p. 56. The Labadists in their Travels (p. 216) 
describe the cultivation at length. Tobacco at this time paid two shillings 
English a cask export duty in Maryland, and two-pence a pound duty on 
its arrival in England, besides weighing and other fees. 



Note 41, page 66. 

The Parson of Pancras is unknown to me : but the class he represents is 
certainly large. 



Note 42, page 66. 

The buffalo was not mentioned in the former list, and cannot be consi- 
dered as synonpuous with elk. 



Note 43, page 67. 

For satisfactory and correct information of the present commerce and 
condition of Maryland, the reader is referred to the Census of the United 
States in 4 vols., 4to, published at Washington, 1865. 

5^ 



NOTES. 117 



Note 44, page 69. 



This is a curious observation as to New England trade. A century later 
Hutchinson represents Massachusetts as receiving Maryland flour from the 
Pennsylvania mills, and paying in money and bills of exchange. — Hist, of 
Massachusetts, p. ii, 397. 



Note 45, j)age 69. 

The trade with Barbadoes, now insignificant, was in our colonial times 
of great importance to all the colonies. Barbadoes is densely peopled and 
thoroughly cultivated ; its imports and exports are each about five millions 
of dollars annuallv. 



Note AQ, page 71. 

The Susquehannas. This Relation is one of the most valuable portions 
of Alsop's tract, as no other Maryland document gives as much concerning 
this tribe, which nevertheless figures extensively in Maryland annals. 
Dutch and Swedish writers speak of a tribe called Mincjuas (Minquosy, 
Machceretini in De Laet, p. 76) ; the French in Canada {Chamjilain, the 
Jesuit Relations, Gendron, Particularitez dw Pays des Ilurons, p. 7, etc.), 
make frequent allusion to the Gandastogues (more briefly Andastes), a tribe 
friendly to their allies the Hurons, and sturdy enemies of the Iroquois ; 
later still Pennsylvania writers speak of the Conestogas, the tribe to wliich 
Logan belonged, and the tribe which perished at the hands of the Paxton 
boys. Altliough Gallatin in his map, followed by Bancroft, placed the 
Andastes near Lake Erie, my researches led me to correct this, and identify 
the Susquehannas, Minqua, Andastes or Gandastogues and Conestogas as 
being all the same tribe, the first name being a])})arently an appellation 
given them by the Virginia tribes ; the second that given them by the 
Algonquins on the Delaware ; while Gandastogue as the French, or Cones- 
toga as the English wrote it, was their own tribal name, meaning cabin- 
pole men, Natio Perticarum, from Andasta, a cabin-])ole (niai) in Creuxius, 
Historia Canadensis). I forwarded a paper on the 8ubjt.'ct to Mr. School- 
craft, for insertion in the government work issuing under his supervision. 
It was inserted in the last volume without my name, and ostensibly as Mr. 
Schoolcraft's. I then gav»3 it with my name in the Historical Magazine, 
vol. II, p. 294. The result arrived at there has been accepted by Bancroft, 
in his large paper edition, by Parkman, in his Jesuits in the Wilderness, by 
Dr. O'Callaghan, S. F. Streeter, Esq., of the Maryland Historical Society, 
and students generally. 



118 NOTES. 

From the Virginian, Dutch, Swedish and French authorities, we can thus 
give tlaeir history briefly. 

The territory now called Canada, and most of the northern portion of the 
United States, from Lake Superior and the Mississippi to the mouth of the 
St. Lawrence and Chesapeake bay were, wlien discovered by Europeans, 
occupied by two families of tribes, the Algonquin and the Huron Iroquois. 
The former which included all the New England tribes, the Micmacs, Mohe- 
gans, Delawares, Illinois, Chippewas, Ottawas, Pottawatamies, Sacs, Foxes, 
Miamis, and many of the Maryland and Virginian tribes surrounded the 
more powerful and civilized tribes who have been called Huron Iroquois, 
from the names of the two most powerful nations of the group, the Hurons 
or Wyandots of Upper Canada, and the Iroquois or Five Nations of New 
York. Besides these the group included the Neuters on the Niagara, the 
Dinondadies in Upper Canada, the Eries south of the lake of that name, 
the Andastogues or Susquehannas on that river, the Nottaways and some 
other Virginian tribes, and finally the Tuscaroras in North Carolina and 
perhaps the Cherokees, whose language presents many striking points of 
similarity. 

Both these groups of tribes claimed a western origin, and seem, in their 
progress east, to have driven out of Ohio the Quappas^ called by the 
Algonquins, Alkansas or Allegewi, who retreated down the Ohio and 
Mississippi to the district which has preserved the name given them by the 
Algonquins. 

After planting themselves on the Atlantic border, the various tribes 
seem to have soon divided and become embroiled in war. The Iroquois, at 
first inferior to the Algonquins were driven out of the valley of the St. 
Lawrence into the lake region of New York, where by greater cultivation, 
valor and union they soon became superior to the Algonquins of Canada 
and New York, as the Susquehannas who settled on the Susquehanna did 
over the tribes in New Jersey, Maryland and Virginia. {Du Ponceau's 
Campanius, p. 158.) Prior to 1600 the Susquehannas and the Mohawks, 
the most eastern Iroquois tribe, came into collision, and the Susquehannas 
nearly exterminated the Mohawks in a war which lasted ten years. {Rela- 
tion de la Nouv. France, 1659-60, p. 28.) 

In 1608 Captain Smith, in exploring the Chesapeake and its tributaries, 
met a party of sixty of these Sasquesahanocks as he calls them (i, p. 120-1), 
and he states that they were still at war with the Massawomekes or 
Mohawks. {De Laet Noviis Orbis, p. 79.) 

DeVries, in his Voyages (Murphy's translation, p. 41-3), found them in 
1633 at war with the Armewamen and Sankiekans, Algonquin tribes on the 
Delaware, maintaining their supremacy by butchery. They were friendly 
to the Dutch. When the Swedes in 1638 settled on the Delaware, they 
renewed the friendly intercourse begun by the Dutch. They purchased 
lands of the ruling tribe and thus secured their friendship. {Hazard's 
Annals, p. 48). They carried the terror of their arms southward also, and 



NOTES. 119 

in 1634 to 1644 they waged war on the Yaomacoes, the Piscataways and 
Patuxents {Bozman's Maryland, ii, p. 161), and were so troublesome that in 
1643 Governor Calvert, by proclamation, declared them public enemies. 

When the Hurons in Upper Canada in 1647 began to sink under the 
fearful blows dealt by the Five Nations, the Susquehannas sent an embassy 
to offer them aid against the common enemy. {Gendron, Quclqves Particu- 
laritez du Pays des Hurons, p. 7), Nor was the offer one of little value, 
for the Susquehannas could put in the field 1,300 Avarriors {Relation de la 
Nouvelle France, 1647-8, p. 58) trained to the use of fire arms and European 
modes of war by three Swedish soldiers whom they had obtained to instruct 
them. {Proud's Pennsylvania, i, p. Ill ; Bozman's Maryland, ii, p. 37^, 
Before interposing in the Avar, they began by negotiation, and sent an 
embassy to Onondaga to urge the cantons to ])eace. {Relation, 1648, p. 58). 
The Iroquois refused, and the Hurons, sunk in apathy, took no active steps 
to secure the aid of the frienrlly Sustjuehaunas. 

That tribe, however, maintained its friendly intercourse with its European 
neighbors, and in 1653 Sawahegeh, Auroghteregh, Scarhuhadigh, Rutchogah 
and Nathheldianeh, in presence of a Swedish deputy, ceded to Maryland 
all the territory from the Patuxent river to Palmer's island, and from the 
Choptauk to the northeast branch north of Elk river. {Bozman's Maryland, 
II, p. 683). 

Four years later the Iroquois, grown insolent by their success in almost 
annihilating their kindred tribes north and south of Lake Erie, the Wyan- 
dots, Dinondadies, Neuters and Fries, provoked a war with the Susque- 
hannas, plundering their hunters on Lake Ontario. {Relation de la Noutelle 
France, 1657, pp. 11, 18). 

It was at this important period in their history that Alsop knew and 
described them to us. 

In 1661 the small-pox, that scourge of the native tribes, broke out in their 
town, sweeping off many and enfeel)ling the nation terribly. War had 
now begim in earnest with the Five Nations ; and though the Susqueliannas 
had some of their people killed near their town {Hazard's Annals, 341-7), 
they in turn pressed the Cayugas so hard that some of them retreated 
across Lake Ontario to Canada {Relation de la Nouvelle France, 1661, p. 39, 
1668, p. 30). They also kept the Senecas in such alarm that they no longer 
ventured to carry their peltries to New York, except in caravans escorted 
by six hundred men, wlio even took a most circuitous route. {Relation, 1661, 
p. 40). A law of Maryland passed May 1, 1661, authorized the governor to 
aid the Susquehannas. 

Smarting under constant defeat, the Five Nations solicited French aid 
{Relation de la Nouvelle France, 1663-3. p. 11, 1663^, j). 33 ; Charlevoix, ii, 
p. 134), but in April, 1663, the Western cantons raised an anny of eight 
hundred men to invest and storm tlie fort of tlie Susciuchannas. They 
embarked on Lake Ontario, according to the French account, and then went 
overland to the Susquehanna. On reaching the fort, liowever, tliey found 



120 NOTES. 

it well defended on tlie river side, and on the land side with two bastions in 
European style with cannon mounted and connected by a double curtain of 
large trees. After some trifling skirmishes the Iroquois had recourse to 
stratagem. They sent in a party of twenty-five men to treat of peace and 
ask provisions to enable them to return. The Susquehannas admitted them, 
but immediately burned them all alive before the eyes of their countrymen. 
{Relation de la Nouvelle France, 1663, p. 10). The Pennsylvania writers, 
{Hazai'd's Annals of Pennsylvania, p. 346) make the Iroquois force one 
thousand six hundred, and that of the Susquehannas only one hundred. 
They add that when the Iroquois retreated, the Susquehannas pursued 
them, killing ten and taking as many. 

After this the war was carried on in small parties, and Susquehanna 
prisoners were from time to time burned at Oneida, Onondaga, Seneca and 
Cayuga {Relations de la Nouvelle France, 1668 to 1673), and their prisoners 
doubtless at Canoge on the Susquehanna. In the fall of 1669 the Susque- 
hannas, after defeating the Cayiigas, oflfered peace, but the Cayugas put 
their ambassador and his nephew to death, after retaining him five or sis 
months ; the Oneidas having taken nine Susquehannas and sent some to 
Cayuga, with forty wampum belts to maintain the war. {Relation de la 
Nouvelle France, 1670, p. 68.) 

At this time the great war chief of the Susquehannas was one styled 
Hochitagete or Barefoot {Relation de la Nouvelle France, 1 670, p. 47) ; and 
raving women and crafty medicine men deluded the Iroquois with promises 
of his capture and execution at the stake {Relation, 1670, p. 47), and a 
famous medicine man of Oneida appeared after death to order his body to 
be taken up and interred on the trail leading to the Susquehannas as the 
only means of saving that canton from ruin. {Relatioji, 1672, p. 20.) 

Towards the summer of 1672 a body of forty Cayugas descended the 
Susquehanna in canoes, and twenty Senecas went by land to attack the 
Susquehannas in their fields ; but a band of sixty Andaste or Susquehanna 
boys, the oldest not over sixteen, attacked the Senecas, and routed them, 
killing one brave and taking another. Flushed with victory they pushed 
on to attack the Cayugas, and defeated them also, killing eight and woimd- 
ing with arrow, knife and hatchet, fifteen or sixteen more, losing, however, 
fifteen or sixteen of their gallant band. {Relation, 1672, p. 24.)" 

At this time the Susquehannas or Andastes were so reduced by war and 
pestilence that they could muster only three hundred warriors. In 1675, 
however, the Susquehannas were completely overthrown {Etat Present, 
1675, manuscript ; Relation, 1676, p. 2 ; Relations 'Inedites, ii, p. 44 ; Gol- 
den' s Five Nations, i, p. 126), but unfortunately we have no details whatever 
as to the forces which effected it, or the time or manner of tlieir utter defeat. 

A party of about one hundred retreated into Maryland, and occupied 
some abandoned Indian forts. Accused of the murder of some settlers, 
apparently slain by the Senecas, they sent five of their chiefs to the Mary- 
laud and Virginia troops, under Washington and Brent, who went out in 

528 



NOTES. 



121 



pursxiit. Although coming as deputies, and showing the Baltimore medal 
and certificate of friendship, these chiefs were cruelly pnt to death. The 
enraged Susquehannas- then began a terrible border war, which was kept 
till their utter destruction (S. F. Streeter's Destruction of the Susquehannas, 
Historical Magazine, i, p. 65). The rest of the tribe, after making overtures 
to Lord Baltimore, submitted to the Five Nations, and were allowed to 
retain their ancient grounds. When Pennsylvania was settled, they became 
known as Conestogas, and were always friendly to the colonists of Penn, as 
they had been to the Dutch and Swedes. In 1701 Canoodagtoh, their king, 
made a treaty with Penn, and in the document they are styled Minquas, 
Conestogos or Susquehannas. They appear as a tribe in a treaty in 1742, 
but were dwindling away. In 1763 the feeble remnant of the tribe became 
involved in the general suspicion (mtertained by the colonists against the 
red men, arising out of massacres on the borders. To escape danger the 
poor creatures took refuge in Lancaster jail, and here they were all 
butchered by the Paxton boys, who burst into the place. Parkman in his 
Conspiracy of Pontiac, p. 414, details the sad story. 

The last interest of this unfortunate tribe centres in Logan, the friend of 
the white man, whose speech is so familiar to all, that we must regret that 
it has not sustained the historical scrutiny of Brantz Mayer {Tahgahjute ; 
or, Logan and Capt. Michael Cresap, Maryland Hist. Soc, May, 1851 ; and 
8vo, Albany, 1867). Logan was a Conestoga, in other words a Susquehanna. 



Note ^1, page 71. 

The language of the Susquehannas, as Smith remarks, differed from that 
of the Virginian tribes generally. As already stated, it was one of the 
dialects of the Huron-Iroquois, and its relation to other members of the 
family may be seen by the following table of the numerals : 





Susquehanna 
or Minqua. 


Hochelaga. 


Huron. 


Mohawk. 


Onondaga. 


1. 


Onskat, 


Segada, 


Eskate, 


Easka, 


Unskat. 


2. 


Tiggene, 


Tigneny, 


Teni, 


Tekeni, 


Tegiii. 


3. 


Axe, 


Asche, 


Hachin, 


Aghsea, 


Achcn. 


4. 


Raiene, 


Honnacon, 


Dae, 


Kieri, 


Gaycri. 


5. 


Wisck, 


Ouiscon, 


Ouyclie, 


Wisk, 


Wisk. 


6. 


Jaiack, 


Indahir, 


Houliahea, 


Yayak, 


Ilaiak. 


7. 


Tzadack, 


Ayaga, 


Sotaret, 


Jatak, 


Toliiatak. 


8. 


Tickerom, 


Addegue, 


Attaret, 


Satcgo, 


Tegeron. 


9. 


Waderom, 


Madellon, 


Nechon, 


Tiyohto, 


Waderom, 


10. 


A8.san, 


Assem, 
15 


52l» 


Oyeri. 





122 NOTES. 



Note 48, imge 73. 

Smith thus describes tliem : " Sixty of those Sasquesahanocks came to vs 
with skins, Bowes, Arrows, Targets, Beads, swords and Tobacco pipes for 
presents. Such great and well proportioned men are seldome seene, for 
they seemed like Giants to the English ; yea and to the neighbours, yet 
seemed of an honest and simple disposition, with much adoe restrained 
from adoring vs as Gods. Those are the strangest people of all those 
Countries, both in language and attire ; for their language it may well 
beseeme their proportions, sounding from them as a voyce in a vault. 
Their attire is the skinnes of Beares, and Woolues, some have Cassacks 
made of Beares heads and skinnes, that a mans head goes through the 
skinnes neck, and the eares of the Beare fastened to his shoulders, the nose 
and teeth hanging downe his breast, another Beares face split behind him, 
and at the end of the Nose hung a Pawe, the halfe sleeues comming to the 
elbowes were the neckes of Beares and the armes through the mouth with 
the pawes hanging at their noses. One had the head of a Wolfe hanging 
in a chaine for a lewell, his tobacco pipe three-quarters of a yard long, 
prettily carued with a Bird, a Deere or some such devise at the great end, 
sufficient to beat out ones braines ; with Bowes, Arrowes and Clubs, suitable 
to their greatnesse. They are scarce known to Powhatan. They can 
make near 60Q able men, and are palisadoed in their Townes to defend 
them from the Massawomekes, their mortal enemies. Five of their chief 
Werowances came aboord vs and crossed the Bay in their Barge. The 
picture of the greatest of them is signified in the Mappe. The calfe of 
whose leg was three-quarters of a yard about, and all the rest of his limbes 
so answerable to that proportion, that he seemed the goodliest man we ever 
beheld. His hayre, the one side was long, the other shore close with a 
ridge over his crowne like a cocks combe. His arrowes were five-quarters 
long, headed with the splinters of a white christall-like stone, in form of a 
heart, an inch broad, and an inch and a halfe or more long. These he wore 
in a Woolues skinne at his backe for his quiver, his bow in one hand and 
his club in the other, as described." — Smith's Voyages (Am. ed.), i, p. 119-20. 
Tattooing referred to by our author, was an ancient Egyptian custom, and 
is still retained by the women. See Lane's Modern Egyptians, etc. It was 
forbidden to the Jews in Leviticus, 19 : 28. 



Note 49, page 74. 

Purchas, his Pilgrimage, or Relations of the World, and the Religions 
observed in all Ages and Places discovered, from the Creation unto this 
present," 1 vol., folio, 1613. In spite of Alsop, Pui-chas is still highly 
esteemed. 

530 



NOTES, 123 



Note 50, page 75. 

As to their treatment of prisoners, see Lafitau, Moeurs des Sauvages, ii, 
p. 260. 



Note 51, pa^e 75. 

Smith thns locates their town : " The Sasquesahannocks inhabit vpon the 
cheefe spring of these foure branches of the Bayes head, one day's journey 
higher than our barge could passe for rocks," vol. i, p. 182. Campanius 
thus describes their town, which he represents as twelve miles from New 
Sweden : " They live on a high mountain, very steep and difficult to climb ; 
there they have a fort or square building, surrounded with palisades. There 
they have guns and small iron cannon, with which they shoot and defend 
themselves, and take with them when they go to war." — Campanius' s Nye 
Scerige, p. 181 ; Du Ponceau's translation, p. 158. A view of a Sasquesa- 
hannock town is given in Montanus, De Nieuice en Onbekende Weereld 
(1671), ]). 186, based evidently on Smith. De Lisle's Map, dated June, 1718, 
lays down Canoge, Fort des Indiens Andastes ou Susquehanocs at about 
40° N. ; but 1 find the name nowhere else. 



Note 52, 2yige 77. 

Scalping was practiced by the Scythians. {Herodotus, book iv, and in the 
second book of Macchabecs, vii, 4, 7). Antiochus is said to have caused two 
of the seven Macchabee brothers to be scalped. " The skin of the head with 
the hairs being drawn off." The torture of prisoners as here described 
originated with the Ircxjuois, and spread to nearly all the North American 
tribes. It was this that led the Algoncjuins to give the Iroquois tribes the 
names Magoue, Nadoue or Nottaway, which signified cruel. Lafitau, 
Moeurs des Sauvages, ii, p. 287. 



Note 58, page 78. 

The remarks here as to rtligion are vague. Tlie Iroquois iuid IIuidiis 
ref'ogni'/.ed Aireskoi or Agreskoe, as the great deity, styling him also 
Teharonhiawagon. As to thi; Ilurons, see Sngard, Ilistoirc da (laiuida, 
p. 485. The sacrifice of a child, as noted by Alsop, was unknown in tlie 
other tribes of this race, and is not mentioned by Campanius in regard to 
this one. 



124 NOTES. 



Note 54, 2Mge 78. 

The priests were the medicine men in all probability ; no author men- 
tioning any class that can be regarded properly as priests. 



Note 55, 2)age 78. 

The burial rites here described resemble those of the Iroquois {Lafitau, 
Moeurs des Sauvages, ii, pp. 389, 407) and of the Hurons, as described by 
Sagard {Histoire du Canada, p. 702) in the manner of placing the dead 
body in a sitting posture ; but there it was wrapped in furs, encased in bark 
and set upon a scaffold till the feast of the dead. 



Note 56, page 79. 

Sagard, in his Huron Dictionary, gives village, andata ; he is in the fort 
or village, andatagon ; which is equivalent to Connadago, nd and nn being 
frequently used for each other. 



Note 57, imge 80. 

For the condition of the women in a kindred tribe, compare Sagard, 
Histoire du Canada, p. 373 ; Grand Voyage, p. 180 ; Perrot, Moeui's et 
Const umes des Sauvages, p. 30. 



Note 58, page 80. 

Among the Iroquois the husband elect went to the wife's cabin and sat 
down on' the mat opposite the fire. If she accepted him she presented him 
a bowl of hominy and sat down beside him, turning modestly away. He 
then ate some and soon after retired. — Lafitau, Moeurs des Sauvages, i, 
p, 566. 

Note 59, page 81. 

Sagard, in his Histoire du Canada, p. 185, makes a similar remark as to 
the Hurons, a kindred tribe, men and women acting as here stated, and he 
says that in this they resembled the ancient Egyptians. Compare Henne- 
pin, Moeurs des Sauvages, p. 54 ; Description d'un Pays plus grand que 
r Europe, Voyages au Nord, v, p. 341. 

5.32 



NOTES. 125 



Note 60, page 96. 

Tliis characteristic of the active trading propensities of tlie early settlers 
will apply to the present race of Americans in a fourfold degree. 



Note 61, page 96. 

One who brought goods to Maryland without following such advice as 
Alsop gives, describes in Hudibrastic verse his doleful story in the Sot Weed 
Factor, recently reprinted. 



Note 63, page 96. 
For an account of this gentleman, see ante, p. 13. 

Note 63, page 97. 

The rebellion in Maryland, twice alluded to by our author in his letters, 
was a very trifling matter. On the restoration of Charles II, Lord Baltimore 
sent over his brother Philip Calvert as governor, with authority to proc(;ed 
against Governor Fendall, who, false alike to all parties, was now scheming 
to overthrow the proprietary government. The new governor was in- 
structed on no account to permit Fendall to escape with liis life ; but Philip 
Calvert was more clement than Lord Baltimore, and though Fendall made 
a fruitless effort to excite the people to opposition, he was, on his voluntary 
submission, punished by a merely short imprisonment. Tliis clemency he 
repaid by a subsequent attempt to excite a rebelhon. — McMaJion's History 
of Maryland, pp. 213-14, citing Council Proceedings from 1656 to 1668, 
liber H. H., 74 to 83. 



THE END. 



.-jas 



1869.] 



GOWANS. 



[No. 27. 



CATALOGUE 

OF 

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Foi^ Sale at the affixed Prices. 

ST0RE--115 NASSAU STREET, NEW YORK. 

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Let others in false PleoMire's court befvund, 
But may 1 ne'er be whirled the giddy roxmd; 
Let me ascend tvith Genius'' rapid flight. 
Till the fair hill of Science meets my sight. 
Blest with a jnlot toho my feet tvill guide. 
Direct my tvay. whene'er I step aside ; 
May one bright ray of Science on me shine. 
And be the gift of learning ever mine. 

LucEETiA M. Davidson. 

Public Librabies. — In all lln l(tr(iir towns of Francf thi-n- are e.rrfjli/il pnhlic libraries, arranged 
in spacious rooms, irilli saliir/i d lihrnridDs, every accoiiimoiliilitni fur ri ail< rs\ (unl < r, rii il/s))osition to 
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in the principal towns of England, for in a counti-y where there are so many persons whos, I'lrciniisttmces 
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agreeable and beneficial. The encouragement of such an object would be a wise application of public 
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fA 



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ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY. Report of the Secretary of State upon Weights and 
Measures, prepared in obedience to a resolution of the House of December 14, 
1819. 8vo, pp. 245, |2. Washington, 1821 

ADDRESSES. By Drs. Park, Post and Baron. Svo, pp. 133, $1. N. Y., 1854 

J3NE AS and Dido, the story of, Burlesqued. From the Fourth Book of the OSneid 
of Virgil. Vive La Bagatelle. 18mo, pp. 94 (Printed and sold by Robert Wells), 

Charleston, S. C, 1774 
This little volume is priuted in as handsome a style as was then done in either Philadel- 
phia, New York or Boston, and the paper is much superior to what was then used by 
publishers in these three villages, the principal places where printing was carried on in the 
colonies. It proves that printing in ttie south had at an early date arrived at a state of 
comparative perfection that none appear to have been aware of. . Western Memorabilia. 

^SOP'S FABLES and other allegorical writings by Croxall, with rude engrav- 
ings. 12mo, pp. 366. Phila., 1788 
This undoubtedly is the first American edition of this well known book, and as such it 
possesses no ordinary interest. The wood-cuts are extremely coarse and bear evidence 
that they were engraved in America. The artist has not attisod name, mark, or initials to 
them, thereby depriving himself of a share of honorable tame as an early American wood 
engraver. 

AGARDH, JACOBO GEORGIO. Species Genera et Ordines Fucoidearum, seu 
Descriptiones succinctae specierum generum et ordintmi, wuibus Fucoidearum 
Classis Constituitior. 3 vols., Svo, half calf, very neat, $6. London, 1S48 

ALBION, THE. A British Colonial and Foreign Weekly Gazette. From vol. 
40, 1840 to vol. 50, 1860, both inclusive, 22 vols., folio, half boimd, new bind- 
ing, $33. Ten dollars less than the cost of binding the series. 

New York, 1840-60 

ALLAN, JOHN. A Catalogue of his Extraordinary Collection of Books, Antiqui- 
ties and Curiosities, with the names of the purchasers and the price that each 
lot or article sold for. Printed in a separate pamj)hlet. Forming 2 vols., Svo, 
uncut, $5. New York, 1864 

Sometime before the owner's death he would have sold his remarkable collection for fif- 
teen thousand dollars, while it realized by the auction process about thirty-nine thousand. 
Taking the whole collection, it was the most extensive and valuable ever sold In America. 

ALLEN, COL. ETHAN. A Narrative of his Captivity, by himself, with Notes. 
12mo, $1. Burlington, 184(> 



[3] 

ALLEN, WILLIAM. Amorican Bioo^rapliical Dictionary, containinpf an Ac- 

^ count of the Lives, Characters and Writings of the most eminent persons 

deceased in North America, from its first settlement. Third edition. Koyal 

8vo, sheep, pp. 915, $6. Boston, 1857 

ALMON, J. The Remembrancer, or Impartial Repository of Public Events, 
wliich transpired during the American Revolution 1775. One vol. 177G, four 
vols. 1777, one vol. 1778, one vol., 8vo, in all 7 vols., $35. (A complete set of 
tliis book is now worth $150. London, 1775 

This series of volumes is made up of the principal or probably all the orticial pajiers 
issued by both parties throughout thelon^ wars of the North American Ttevolutioii, besides 
many collateral communications both semi-official and private. It would seem indispensa- 
ble to the historian and biographer of that period. The Rebellion Kecord was got up in 
imitation of this publication and will serve a like purpose. 

ALVORD, J. W. Historical Address at the celebration of the Second Anniver- 
sary of the first settlement of the Town of Stamford, Connecticut. 8vo, pp. 40, 
$1. • New York, 1842 

AMERICA. An Address to the People of Great Britain on the present crisis of 
American Politics, pp. 79. Bristol, 1776. The Rights of Great Britain As- 
serted against the claims of America, being an answer to the Declaration of 
the General Congress. Pp. 115. London, 1776. Consideration on the 
American War, addressed to the people of England. Pp. 60. London, 1770, 
8vo, $4. London, v. d. 

AMERICA. Examen General de la situacion politica de las diferentes potencias 
del Continente Occidental, con conjeturas sobre su suerte futura por un 
ciudadano de los Estados Unidos. 8vo, $1.50. Northampton, 1838 

AMERICA. The History of the Wars in America between Great Britain and her 
Colonies from its commencement to the year 1787. 2 vols., 8vo. calf, $6.00. 

Dublin, 1789 

AMERICA. Recueil de divers Voyages faits en Afrique et en L'Amerique, qui 
n'ont jioint este, encore publiez. Contenant I'origine, les nioeurs, les cou- 
tumes et le commerce des habitans de ces deux Parties du Monde. Avec 
Traitez curieux touchant la Haute Ethyopie la debordement du Nil, la mer 
Rouge, le Prete-Jean. Le tout enrichi de Figures, et de Cartes Geograjihiques, 
qui servent a I'lntelligence des choses contenues en ce volume. 4to, $6. 

Paris, 1674 

AMERICAN ARCHIVES. Consisting of a collection of authentic records, state 
papers, debates, letters and other notices of public affairs, the whole forming 
a Documentary History of the origin and progress of the North American 
colonies ; of the cause and accomplishment of the American Revolution ; and 
of the Constitution of Government for the United States to the final ratifica- 
tion'thereof. Edited bv Peter Force. Fourth series, vol. 1st, 1774 and 1775 ; 
vol.'2d, 1775 ; vol. 3d, 1775; vol. 4th, 1775; vol. 5th, 1776; vol. 6th, 1776. 
Fifth series, vol. Ist, 1776; vol. 2d, 1776; vol.3, 1776. 9 vols., folio, $35.00 

Washington, 1839 and 1853 

The matter forminq; and to form this collection, will cover the period of time from the 

discovery of the new continent by Christopher Columbus till the adontion of the present 

federal trovernmcnt under tlu; existing constitution, now known as the I'liited States of 

Xortli Anii'rica in 17W~, a period of two hundred and nincty-nv(! years. 'I'he contents have 

' been gal liennl from every possible source accessible, both Kuropcnn and American, with 
commendable diligence anti perseverance ; the selection warrants the conclusion, tliat the 
soundest judgment and discrimination have been used. These archives when all published 
will be one of the main fountains from whence all future American historians, annalists, 
legislators, embassadors, statesmen, and biographical compilers must resort for munition 
and authority touching Anierican subjects. 

The venerable and amiable editor showed me matter he had prepared for at least twenty 
volume-i additional, but. said he, tin' government or rather the govin-nmcnt agents are either 
perfectly indilfiTcnt aliout tli<^ conijtletion of the work, or prefer employing the money for 
purposes which would prove iiiore lucrative to them. It is to be wished that this import- 
ant collection of i)iil)lic pajjers will not be suffered to remain in their [iresent inaccessilile 
and unpublished condition for wiy great length of time. Each s(.'ries will cover the |)eriods 
aslbllows: First, from the discovery and scttlemcMit of North America to lliKS; second, 
from KIKS to l-()3 ; third, from 17(13 to 1774; fourth, from 1771 to 177(1; H ft h, from 177(1 to 
17M; sixth, from 17s;j to 1787 Westeun Mkmouauilia. 

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION, Proceedingsof the, for the Advancement of SciiMice, 
1848, 49, 50, 54, 55, 57,' 59. 8 vols., 8vo, paper covers, $16. 

Cambridge, 1849, 1860 



[4] 

AMERICAN CONGRESS, An Answer to the Declaration of the. 3d edition. 
8vo, i mor. pp. 132, |3. London, 1776 

AMERICAN CONGRESS, Jonmals of, from 1774 to 1788. 4 vols.. 8vo, sheep, 
|13. Washington, 1823 

A report of the original which.; was published at various periods. Copies of both edi- 
tions are become quite scarce. 

AMERICAN. Dialogues of the American Dead. 8vo, pp. 43, $1. Phila., 1814 
The interlocutors in these Dialogues, are Washington, Alfred, William Tell, Hamilton, 
and Fisher Ames. 

AMERICAN Diplomatic Correspondence, from 1863 to June 4, 1866. 10 vols., 
royal 8vo, half russia, $30. Washingion, 1862-66 

AMERICAN Diplomatic Correspondence and Papers relating to Foreign Affairs, 
accompanied with the Annual Message of the President for 1863 and 1864. 
4 vols., 8vo, cloth, $6. Washington, 1864 

AMERICAN FARMERS, Politics for, being a Series of Tracts, exhibiting the 
Blessings of Free Government, as it is administered in the United States, 
compared with the boasted stupendous fabric of British Monarchy. 13mo, 
boards, $3. Washington'city, 1807 

AMERICAN HUSBANDRY. Containing an Account of the Soil, Climate, Pro- 
duction and Agriculture of the British Colonies in North America and the 
West Indies, by an American. 3 vols., 8vo, pp. 473-336, $4. London, 1775 

AMERICAN INSTITUTE, Journal of A Monthly Publication, devoted to the 
Interests of Agriculture, Commerce, Manufactures, and the Arts, accompanied 
with Public Documents, Sketches of Natural History, Philosophical and Lite- 
rary Essays. Edited by members of the Institute. 4 vols., 8vo, half calf, 
fine copy (a complete set) $10. New York, 1836-40 

AMERICAN MINISTERS at Ostend. Correspondence touching that Conven- 
tion. 8vo, pp. 153, paper cover. $3. Washington, 1855 

AMERICAN MUSEUM (The), or Universal Magazine ; containing Essays 
on Agriculture, Commerce, Manufactures, Politics, Morals and Manners, 
Sketches of National Character, Natm'al and Civil History, and Biography, 
Law Information, Public Papers, Proceedings of Congress, Intelligence, Mo- 
ral Tales, Ancient and Modern Poetry, etc., etc., etc,. Commencing Jan., 1787, 
and ending Dec. 31st, 1793. 13 vols., 8vo, sheep, $35. Phila., 1787-1793 

AMERICAN ORATOR (The). A Collection of Oratorical Specimens of the Elo- 
quence of Po]nilar assembles. With vei'y rude portrait of Shakespeare. Tlie 
first engraved in America. 12mo. $3. New Haven, 1818 

AMERICAN ORIENTAL SOCIETY, Journal of, Nos. 1, 3, 3, 4, forming vol. 1st, 
$4. Boston, 1843-1849 

AMERICAN PAMPHLETS, A vol. of, viz : Governor Livingston's Poem entitled 
Philosophical Solitude, on the shore of a Rural Lake. New York, 1763, pp. 48. 
A letter from Phocion to the considerate citizens of New York, Pp. 13. 
New York, 1784. Benjamin Trumbull on the unlawfulness of Divorce. Pp. 
53, New Hampshire, 1788. A Funeral Oration by Reuben Hitchcock, Pp. 23, 
New Hampshire, 1786. A letter on the slave trade. Pp. 38, New York, 1784, 
and eleven others. Unique collection. 8vo, $10. v. d. 

This excessively rare pamphlet, entitled a letter of Phocion, was written by Gen Ham- 
ilton while a very young man. In all probability his first literary effort. I had this from 
the lips of his venerable widow a few months before her death Western Memorabilia. 

AMERICAN POETRY, The Gems of, by Distinguished Authore. 8vo, cloth, 
plates soiled. New York, 1840 

AMERICAN POETS. The Bowdoin Poets, Edited by Edward P. Weston. 2d 
edition, 13mo, pp. 180, $3. Brunswick, 1849 

This volume embraces specimens of the productions of thirty-four Poets. 

AMERICAN PREACHER (The). A Collection of Sermons by some of the most 
eminent American Preachers of Different Denominations. Among them 
Witherspoon, Macwhorter, J. II. Livingston, Linn, Bishop Moore, Dr. Rog- 
ers, Abell, Holmes, Ogden, Tennnet, Ewing, Burnet, Backus, Edwards, 
Spring, etc., etc. 4 vols., 8vo, sheep (poor binding), a very rare collection, $8. 

Elizabethtown, N. J., 1791. 



[5] 

AMERICAN SPEECHES, SELECT. Forensic and Parliamentary, with prefatory 

remarks, being a Sequel to Dr. Chapman's Select Speeches, bv S. C. Carpenter. 

3 vols., boards, uncut, 8vo, pp. 403, 481, |6. Philadelphia, 1815 

In tlie collection are to be found Speeches of Patrick Ilenry, J. Madison, James Wilson, 

Fisher Ames, Gen. Alex. Hamilton, Goiiverneur Morris, William Wirt and others. 

AMERICAN STATE PAPERS. Containing Documents relative to the History, 
Politics, Statistics, etc., of the United States of America. Svo, boards, $1.35. 

Boston, 1808 

AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION, CoUections of. Vol.lst. 8vo, pp. 396, 
§3.50. Boston, 1847 

AMES, FISHER, Works of, with a selection from his Speeches and Correspond- 
ence. Edited by his son, Seth Ames. 3 vols., 8vo, cloth, $G. N. Y., 1869 

AMPERE, J. J. Promenade en Amerique, Etats Unis. Mexico, 3 tomes. 8vo, 
pp. 431, 433, $4. Paris, 1855 

ANDERSON, JAMES, S. M. The History of the Church of England in the Colo- 
nies and Foreign Dependencies of the British Empire. Second edition, 3 
vols., 13mo, cloth, maps, $7.50. London, 1856 

ANDREWS, ISRAEL D. Communication from the Secretary of the Treasury, 
transmitting, in compliance with a resolution of the senate, on th(i Trade and 
Commerce of the British North American Colonies, and upon the trade of the 
great Isles and Rivers ; also notices of the internal improvements in each 
state, of the Gulf of Mexico and Straits of Florida, and a paper on the Cotton 
Crop of the U. S. 3 vols., 8vo, one of maps, $3.50. Wasliington, 1854 

ANGLO AMERICAN. Magazine from July 1853 to June, 1853. Plates, 3 vols., 
roj^al 8vo, boards, calf, $4. Toronto, 1853 

AN ENQUIRY into the Condition and Prospects of the African Race in the 
United States and the means of its Fortunes, by an American. 13iuo, pp. 314, 
$1.50. Philadelphia, 1839 

AN ESSAY towards an Improved Registry of Deeds. Citv and County of New 
York, to December 31st, 1793, inclusive. 8vo, pp. 371, $50. N. Y., 1833 

ANNALS OF CONGRESS. The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the 
United States, with an appendix, containing important State papers and Public 
Documents, and all the laws of a public Nature ; with a copious index, from 
1789 tol831. 37 vols., royal Svo, sheep. Washington, 1834 

ANNALS of the WEST. Embracing a Concsie account of Principal Events 
which have occurred in the Western States and Territories from the Dis- 
coverv of the Mississippi Valley to the year 1850. Compiled and published 
by James R. Albach. Svo, sheep, pp. 818, $5. St. Louis, 1S53 

ANTIION, REV. HENRY, Tributes to the Memory of Late Rector of St. 
Mark's in the Bowery, N. Y, witii a brief sketcli of his Life, by Rev. Manton 
Eastborn, D.D. Svo, pp. 80, fine portrait, half morocco, neat, $3. N. Y., 1863 

ANTINOMIAN TENETS. A Second Familiar Conference upon some Antinom- 
ian Tenets, occasioned by Mr. David Judson's Remarks upon the First. In 
wliich his objections are laid down in his own words. 8vo, ])p. 41, $5. 

New York : (Printed by John Holt), M,DC'C,LXV 

ARCTURUS. A Journal of Books and Opinions, edited by Cornelius Matthews 
and Evert A. Duyckinck. 3 vols., 8vo, half bound, $6. N. Y., 1841-43 

ARMY of the CUMBERLAND, Annals of the, comprising biographies, descrip- 
tions of dei)artments, accounts of expeditions, skirmishes, and battles, also its 
Police Record of spi<'s, smugglers, and i>romincnt rebel cmissarifs, &c., &c., 
by an officer. Sterd portraits, wood-engravings and maps, largt; Svo, cloth, 
pp. 671, $3.50. Pliila., 1864 

ASTOR LIBRARY. Catalogue or Alpliabetical Index of the Astor Lilirary. 4 
vols., royal Svo, pp. 3110, uncut, $15. New York, 1S57-61 

This isone of the mo.st important cataio^aes that has been produced in the United 
suites. The Compilation was supcrinteuded ov tlie venerable and accomplished Dr. C'ogB- 
well, the actual fouiid<T and archltccl of the .\stor Library ; in uhort, he may be said to 
have been so far the Alpha and Omega of that Institution. 



[6] 

ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN Magazine, The, designed to promote the Know- 
ledge and Influence of Evangelical Truth and Order according to the Princi- 
ples of the Reformation. 3 vols., 8vo, half calf, $3.75. Albany, 1839-43 

ATTORNEY GENERALS of United States. Opinions of, from 1791 to 1838. 
8vo, pp. 1213, $3. Washington, 1851 

ATTORNEY GENERALS of United States. Opinions of, from Sept. 36, 1789 
to July 19, 1850. 2 vols., 8vo, $8. Washington, 1850 

ATTORNEY GENERALS of United States. Opinions of, from 1838 to 1850, 
both inclusive. 3 vols., 8vo, law sheep, $9. Washington, 1838-1851 

ATELA ; or the Amours of Two Indians in the wilds of America. 13mo, pp. 129 

London, 1803 

BACHE, A. D. Report of Superintendent of the Coast Survey sho\\dng the progress 
of that work ending Oct., 1849. 8vo. uncut, maps, f2. Washington, 1849 

BACHMAIR, J. J. A complete German Grammar in two Parts, the First Part con- 
taining the theory of the language through all the parts of speech ; the Second 
Part is the practice in as simple a manner as can be devised. 8vo, $2. Pliila., 1793 

BACON, THOMAS. Four Sermons, upon the great and indispensible Duty of all 
Christian Masters and Mistresses to bring up their Negro Slaves in the know- 
ledge and Fear of God. Preached in the parish church of St. Peters, Talbot 
coimty, in the province of Maryland, 18mo, pp. 142, $5. London, 1750 

BADEN, G. L. History of Norway, from the earliest times, and from the union 
of Calmar by Baron Holberg. Translated from the Danish and contintied to 
the present time, by A. A. Feldborg. 8vo, boards, $2. London, 1817 

BAIRD, SPENCER V. Serpents of New York, with a notice of a species not 
hitherto induced in the Fauna of the State. 8vo, paper, pp. 38, $1.25. 

Albany, 1854 . 

BARCLAY, ROBERT. A Catechism and Confession of Faith, approved and agreed 
unto by the General Assembly of the Patriarchs, Prophets and Apostles, Christ 
himself chief speaker, to which is added the Ancient Testimony of the people 
called Quakers held in the provinces of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, 1722, 
12mo, pp. 148 and 34, $3. Troy, N. Y., 1803 

BAKER, RACHEL. Devotional Somnium, or a collection of Prayers and Exhorta- 
tions uttered by Miss Rachel Baker while asleep, 13mo, boards, uncut. 

New York, 1815 

BALTIMORE DIRECTORY. 1831. Containing a Plan of the City, with refer- 
ence to the public buildings. 13mo, in fine preservation, $3. Baltimore, 1831 

BANKER'S MAGAZINE, and State Financial Register. Edited by J. S. Homans. 
From vol. 2, 1847 and 1848 to vol. 8, Dec, 1854. 10 vols., 8vo, half sheep, 
$20. Baltimore and N. Y., 1848, &c. 

BARHAM, HENRY. Hortus Americanus: containing an accovmt of the trees, 
shrubs, and other vegetable productions, of South America and the West 
India Islands, and particularly of the Island of Jamaica, with many curious 
and useful observations respecting their uses in medicine, diet, and mecha- 
nics, with a Linnsean Index, &c. 8vo, $2. Kingston, Jamaica, 1794 

BARKER, JACOB. Incidents in the Life of Jacob Barker, of New Orleans, from 
1800 to 1855. 3 fine portraits, 8vo, pp. 385, $3. Washington, 1855 

BARNARD, JOHN. Sermons on social subjects. 8vo, large paper. 

London, printed for Samuel Gerrish, and Daniel Henchman, in Coruhill, Bos- 
ton, New England, mdccxxvii. 

This must be a very rare book. Out of the millions of volumes that I have seen, and the 
tens of thousands I have handled, I have never before seen a copy of this New England pro- 
duction Western Memorabilia. 

BARNES, CHARLOTTE. Plays, Prose, and Poetry. 12mo, pp. 489, $3. Phila. 1848 

Charlotte was a modest, little, unpretending woman, and connected with the stage for a 

short time, then became an author, subsequently got married, and shortly afterwards went 

the way of all the earth Western Memorabilia. 

BARNARD, HENRY. The American Journal of Education, with 53 portraits and 
30 plates. Vols. 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 ; in all 9 vols., $30. Hartford, 1856, 1863 



[7 ] 

BARNARD, HENRY. Ditto, Vols. 3, 4, 5, 8vo, cloth, $6. Hartford, 1857. &c, 

BARNARD, HENRY. Ditto, Nos. 1 to 15 wanting, 13 in all, 14 nos. $7. 
BARTON, BENJAMIN SMITH. The Philadelphia Medical and Physical Journal 

4 parts in 2 vols., 8vo, boards, uncut, $10. PhiladHpliia, 1804-6 

These volumes contain miiiij' papers on yellow fever, American Mninmnth, Indian Dogs, 

Welsh Indians, in America. Lite of Dr. Clayton, the Virginia Dotauist, and others. 

BAXTER, W. E. America and the Americans. 12mo, pp. 244, $1. Lond., 1855 

BAYLIES, FRANCIS. An Historical Memoir of the Colony of New Plymouth. 
From 1620 to the Establishment of the General Government over New Enp:- 
land. The Four Parts. 8vo, folded, unbound and uncut, $5. Boston, 1830 

BAYLEY, J. R. (R. Catholic Bishop of New Jersey). A Brief Sketch of the His- 
tory of the Catholic Church of the Island of New York. 18mo, pp. 156, $2. 

New York, 1853 

BEACH, ELIZABETH T. P. Pelavo : An Epic of the Olden Moorish Time. 
12mo, plates, $2. " New York, 1864 

BEARDSLEY, LEVI. Reminiscences ; Personal and other incidents ; early settle- 
ment of Otsego County ; notices and an(;cdotes of jiublic men ; Judicial, legal 
and legislative matters ; field sports ; Dissertations and Discussions. 8vo, pp. 
575, $3. New York, 1852 

BELKNAP, JEREMY (The Historian of New Hampshire), Life of, with selec- 
tions from his Correspondence and other writings. 18mo, pp. 253, $1. N. Y. 

BELKNAP, J. History of New Hampshire. Vol. 1, 8vo, old sheep, pp. 445, $2. 

Philadelphia, 1784 

BELKNAP, J. The Foresters, an American Tale, being as equel to the history of 
John Bull the Clothier, in a series of letters to a friend. 32mo, $2. Exeter, 1834 

BELKNAP, J. A Discoui'se, intended to commc^morate the Discovery of Ame- 
rica by C. Columbus. To which are added four dissertations: 1. On circum- 
navigating Africa. 2. An Examination of the pretensions of Martin Behmain 
to a Discovery of America prior to that of Columbus. 3. Wliether the Honey 
Bee is a native of America. 4. On the color of the Native Americans. 8vo, 
pp. 132, $5. Boston, 1792 

BENEDICT, DAVID. A General History of the Baptist Denomination in Ame- 
rica, and other parts of the World. 2 vols., 8vo, $5. Boston, 1813 

BENNP:T, JAMES GORDON. The Herald Almanac for the United States, for 
1849. 8%^o, pp. 48, $2. New York, 1849 

Horace had made the Tribune Almanac successful, and as there is nothing which makes 
James feel sorer and more dissatisfied, than to learn that a superabundance of grist is going 
into that ijhilosopher's mill, in order to head off Greeley in this enterprise he uiulcrtooK the 
inuiuifacturing of Almanacs; the attempt failed, as it is understood this is the liisi and last 
of this abortion Westeun AIemok.^bilia. 

BERRIAN, WILLIAM. An Historical Sketch of Trinity Church, New York. 
8vo, cloth, plates, $3. New York, 1847 

BETIIUNE, MRS. JOANNA, Memoirs of, by her son, Rev. Geo. W. Bethune, 
with an A])pendix, containing extracts from the writings of Mrs. Bethune. 
2 plates, 12mo, pp. 250, $2. New York, 1863 

BIBLE. The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testaments ; ncAvly trans- 
lated out of the original tongues ; and with the former translations. Dili- 
gently compared and revised, by his Majesty's 8])ecial command, apjjointed 
to be read in cliurclies, 4to. London, Tliomas Basket, 1756 

This is doubtless the (Mlition of the Bible which Isaiah Thomas has slat<^d in his History 
of Printing was the first Ito priiiti^d in America. So far, there has been no evidence pro- 
duced to confirm his assumption, nor in all jirobability ever can. 

BIBLICAL REPERTORY and Princeton Review, for 1850, vol. 22, and 1851 vol. 
23. 2 vols., 8vo, i calf, $3. Pliiladelphia, 1850-1 

BIBLIOTIIEQUE UNIVERSELLE Des Voyages, ou Notice complete et raisonnc 
de tons les Voyages ancicnsi-t niodfrnes dans les differentes parties dii nionde, 
publics tant en langue Francjiise (lu'en langiics <'traiigi'r('s, cliisscs ])ar nnlro 
de pavs dans leur serie chronologlrpu;, &c., &c. I'ar (j. Boucher de la Rij-.h- 
arderie. 6 vols., 8vo, cloth, $6. ' Parisj 1808 



[8] 

BLACKISTON, T. H. General view of Europe and America. 12mo. uncut, pp. 
107, $1. London, 1839 

BLAIR, JAMES. Our Saviour's Divine Sermon on the Mount, contained in tlie 
5tli, 6tli, and 7tli chapters of St. Matthew's Gospel, explained, and the prac- 
tice of it recommended in divers seiinons and discourses. With a paraphrase 
on the whole sermon on the mount, &c. 4 vols., 8vo, calf, f 13. London, 1740 

BLODGET, SAMUEL. A Prospective Plan of the Battle near Lake George, on 
the eighth day of September, 1755, with an explanation thereof, containing a 
full, tho' short, history of that important affair, by Samuel Blodget, occasion- 
ally at the camp, when the battle was fought, 4to, pj). 7. Boston, mdcclv. 

BLOOD, BENJAMIN. Optism. The Lesson of Ages. 12mo,$1.50. Boston, 1860 

BLOOMINGTON. A Sketch of the Town of Bloomington, Minnesota Valley, in 

the territory of Minnesota. 18mo, pp. 34, large map, $1. St. Paul, Minn., 1857 

BLOUNT, WILLIAM. Report of the Committee of the House of Representa- 
tives of the United States, appointed to prepare and report Articles of Im- 
peachment against William Blount, a Senator of the United States, 1797. 
8vo, pp. 160, uncut, $5. Sine loco, sine anno 

BLUE BOOK, or Register of Officers and Agents, Civil, Military, and Naval, in 
the Service of the United States, corrected to Nov., 1863, with Census to 
1860, etc., etc.. Compiled by J. Disturnell. 8vo, cloth, $1. New York, 1863 

BOARD OF EDUCATION. Annual Report of the General Assembly of the Pres- 
byterian Church in the United States, with Portraits of Drs. Samuel Millar, 
Ashbell Green, A. Alexander and Sylvester Larned. 18mo, silk binding, 
$3. Philadelphia, 1833 

BONAPARTE, CHARLES LOUIS. The Genera of North American Birds, and 
a Synopsis of the Species found within the territory of the United States. 
8vo, pp. 450 ; imcut, privately printed, $6. New York, 1838 

Presentation copy to Dr. Hosack, from the author. 

BOOK OF ABRAHAM. The Acts of the Elders, commonly called the Book of 
Abraham, to which is appended a chapter from the Book of Religious Errors, 
with Notes of Explanation. Small 4to, pp. 160, privately printed, $5. 

Boston, 1851 

BOOK OF MORMON, The. An Account written by the Hand of Mormon, upon 
Plates taken from the Plates of Nephi, By Joseph Smith, Jr., Author 
and Proprietor. 13mo, pp. 588. 
^ Palmyra, N. Y., printed by E. B. Grandin, for the Author, 1830 

' A copy of the origiual edition of the " Book of Mormon," is without doubt the scarcest 
book published in tne nineteenth century which has obtained any kind of reputation. As 
an evidence of this, I have been in search of a copy for a great many years, and always un- 
successful till this cop3', here named, came into my possession by accident among a lot of 
old school books, which by the bye, in external appearance, it strongly resembles. And as 
further confirmation of its scarcity ; on a certain occasion Sir Henry Bulwer, the then Bri- 
tish Minister at Washington, and the British consul came into my book repository, 178 
Fulton street, the former introducing himself as such, and then introduced his companion 
as the British consul, adding that he had called upon me by recommendation for the pur- 
pose of procuring a copy of the original edition of the " Book of Mormon." Continued he, 
" I do this at the request of Lord Macaulay. the historian, who is very anxious to procure 
a copy of it, having learned that the reprints, both English and American, had been con- 
siderably altered. On hearing his story I immediately expressed my regrets as well as fears 
that it would be impossible to exhume a copy of this book ; for of all the volumes I have 
handled, seen, and sold, and they are millions, I have never seen what you ask for. Re- 
prints can easily be obtained, biit not the original. Her Majesty's representative seemed 
freatly disappointed at my remarks, and said he had made himself certain, from what he 
ad been told of my collection that he would have nothing more to do than call upon me 
and procure a copy of this singular book, and so gratify my friend Macaulay with what he 
was so anxious to procure. I ottered to make some effort to procure a copy, and in the 
event of being successful would not fail to apprise him of the fortunate discovery. He ap- 
peared pleased with my promise to aid him in procuring this rare treasure. I immediately 
commenced the search by advertisintj and writing to various booksellers throughout the 
country who were likely to have such a book, and more particularly to the dealers in the 
village that gave it birth, and the surrounding towns, but all proved unavailing, so that in 
all probability the great historian and still greater essayist, never had the pleasure of eee- 

V^ ing it Western Memorabilia. 

BOON, DANIEL, Life and Adventures of, comprising an account of his first excur- 
sion in Kentucky in 1769, then a wild wilderness. Written by himself, to 
which is added A Narrative of the most important incidents of his life from 



[9] 

the latter period until liis death June 27th, 1821. Full length portrait, 12mo, 
pp. 2G, |5. Brooklyn, 1823 

BOTTA. C. History of the Wars of the Independence of the United States of 
America, translated by Gt. A. Otis. 2 vols., 8vo, plates, sheep, $4. 

Cooperstown, N. Y., 1845 

BOUDIXOT, Elias. A Star in the West ; or an attempt to discover the long 
Lost Ten Tribes of Israel. 8vo, pp. 312. Trenton, 1816. A brief reply to a short 
answer to a true exposition on the decline of the Catholic Church, touching 
the Sacrament of Penance. The two books bound in one, $3. N. Y. 1815 

BOUQUET, HENRY. An Historical account of the Expedition against the Ohio 
Indians, in the year 1764. 18mo, pp. 119, full calf, neat, no map, $12. 

Dublin, 1799 

BOUTON, NATHANIEL, The History of Concord from its first grant in 1725 
to the organization of the city government in 1853, with a history of the An- 
cient Penucooks, the whole intei-sperscjd with numerous interesting incidents 
and anecdotes, &c., &c., 3 maps, 15 portraits and 26 views, 8vo, cloth, pp. 786, 
$5. Concord, 1856 

BOWDITCH, N. L. Suffolk Surnames. 8vo, pp. 757, portrait, $5. Boston, 1861 

BOYD, W. H. New York City text-book ; being a "list of persons, corporations 
and copartnerships, resident and nonresident, who were taxed according to 
the assessors' books, 1856 and 1857. 12mo, pp. 260, $2. New York, 1857 

BRAINERD, JOHN, Life of. The brother of David Brainerd, and his successor 
as Missionary to the Indians of New Jersey, by Rev. Thomas Briiincrd. 8vo, 
plates, fine paper, f 3. Philadelphia, 1865 

BRAXNAN, JOHN. Official Letters of the Military and Naval Officers of the 
United States during the War with Great Britain, in the years 1812, '13, '14, 
'15, with some additional Letters and Documents elucidating the History of 
that period. 8vo, pp. 510, $5.50. Washington, D. C, 1823. 

BREAZEALE, J. W. M. Life as it is. Matters and Things in General, contain- 
ing amongst other things Historical Sketches of the Exidoration and first 
settlements of the State of Tennessee, Manners and Customs of tlie Inhabit- 
ants with their Wars with the Indians, Battles King's Mountain. History 
of the Harps, two noted Murderers, a Satirical Burlesque upon the practice 
of Electioneering, Legislative, Judicial and Ecclesiastical incidents, descrip- 
tion of Natural Curiosities, a collection of Anecdotes, &c. 8vo, pj). 256. 

Knoxville, Tenn., 1842 

BRIDGES, GEO. W. The Annals of Jamaica. 2 vols., Svo, calf, $6. Loud., 1827 

BRIGHAM. ABRAHAM (M. D.). Biograpliical Sketch of. Late Superintendent 
of the New York State Lunatic Asylum, Utica, N. Y. 8vo, pp. 123, portrait, 
$2. Utica, 1858 

BRISTED, JOHN. Thoughts on the Anglican and Anglo-American Churches. 
8vo, boards, $2. London. 1823 

BRITISH SPY, THE ; or. Letters to a member of the British Parliament, written 
during a tour through the United States, by a young Englislnnan of rank. 
18mo, pp. 103, $2. Newburyport, 1H04 

The above is supposed to be the original edition of the now celebrated letters of the Bri- 
tish Spy, written by the American Plato, William Wirt. For the amount of what he has 
written, no American author has won so permanent and wide-spread a reputation. Ilia 
Htory of the blind preacher is one of the most b(!autifnl and affectini;; in the language. Thin 
book has gone through fifteen editions, and is destined to go through as many more. 

BROMWELL, WILLIAM J. Hi.story of Emigration to the United States, ex- 
liil/iting the Number, Sex, Age, Occupation and Country of Birth. 8vo, pp. 
225, $3. New York, 1856 

BROOK, REV. JOHN. Life and Times of, witli a history of the great Revival iii 
Tennessee and many incidents of thrilling interest, &c., written bv himself, 
12mo, sheep, pp. 175, $1. Nasliviile 1848. 

BROOKLYN. History of the Brooklyn and Long Island Fair, February 22d, 
1866. 8vo, i)p. 189, $3. Brooklyn, 1864 

2 



[ 10] 

BROOKLYN. First Annual Report of the Commissioners of Prospect Park, ■ 

Brooklyn, January 28tli, 1861. Bvo, pp. 80, tliree plates. Brooklyn, 1861 

BROOKLYN. Manual of the Common Council of the City of Brooklyn for 1863. 

Numerous maps and colored plates, 8vo, pp. 409. Brooklyn, 1863 

BROOKLYN. Manual for the Common Council for 1859 and 1860, map of the 

City, 13mo, pp. 375. Brooklyn, 1859 

BROUGHAM, LORD. An Enquiry into the Colonial Policy of the European 

Powers. 2 vols., 8vo, half calf, very neat, $10. Edinburgh, 1803 

BROWNLOW, W. G. (Vulgarly surnamed Parson Brownlow). Brownlow's 

Knoxville Whig and Rebel Ventilator, 22 Numbers for 1868, $5. 

Knoxville, Tenn., 1865 
Many of the editor's peculiarities will be found in these numbers, more especially when 

he is handling over the coals, the late rebels or their copperhead sympathizers. 

BROWNSON, O. A. Essays and Reviews, chiefly on Theology, Politics, and So- 
cialism. 8vo, cloth, $1.50. New York, 1852 

BROWNSON'S Quarterly Review. Vol. 4th, new series, $2. Boston, 1850 

BUCHANAN, JAMES, Ex-President of the United States, Administration on 
the Eve of the Rebellion. 8vo, pp. 296, $2. New York, 1866 

BUCKMINSTER, REV. JOSEPH, Memoirs of, and of his son Rev. J. S. Buck- 
minster, by Eliza B. Lee. 12mo, portrait, cloth, $3. Boston, 1851 

BULLOCK, W. Sketch of a Journey through the Western States of North 
America, from New Orleans, by the Mississippi, Ohio, City of Cincinnati and 
Falls of Niagara, to New York, in 1827, with a Description of Cincinnati, by 
B. Drake and E. D. Mansfield, containing information useful to persons desir- 
ous of settling in America. Map, 12mo, boards, uncut, $5. London, 1827 

BUNGAY, GEORGE W. Crayon Sketches, or off hand Takings. Distinguished 
American Statesmen, Orators, Divines, Essayists, Editors, Poets, etc. 13mo, 
pp. 156. $1.25. Boston, 1852 

BUNYAN, JOHN. The Pilgrim's Progress, from this World to that which is to 
come. The Second Part, Illustrated with four rude engravings, 18mo, pp. 
166, paper cover. Boston, 1744 

This is the second attempt at reproducing the renowned Pilgrim's Progress in North 
America, an evidence of its extraordinary popularity even at that age. The first was printed 
in Boston, 1681, which is referred to by the author in a subsequent edition published in 
England. This edition is about as rude a specimen of book making as well can be ima- 
gined. The engravings are curious specimens of the art in an infant, or newly settled colony. 
They are without doubt native productions. 

BUNYAN, JOHN, The Minor Works of. Containing the Water of Life, Solomon's 
Temple Spiritualized ; Christ a Complete Saviour, Divine Breathings ; and 
Grace Abounding. 12mo, pp. 330, $3. Portsmouth, N. H., 1804 

This in all probability is the first American edition of Bunyan's minor works. It is un- 
doubtedly very rare. 

BUNYAN, JOHN. A Bibliography of all the American Editions of the Pil- 
grim's Progress, from 1681 to the present time, with some of his other works, 
so far as could be obtained. 4to. In manuscript. New York, 1868 

Bunyan by his Pilgrim has been and is the most popular theological author whose 
works have been published in America. This wonderful but pleasing, or rather enchant- 
ing fiction is to be found in costly style adorning the libraries of the opulent millionaire, 
the well to do citizen, and on the naked tables and window sills of the poor. The au- 
thor lived to learn that his immortil dialogues had been published in America and had 
sold successfully. As an author Bunyan may be said to hold the same popularity among 
protestants as Thomas A Kempis does among the Roman Catholics. Sir Walter Scott 
said he was the first author who in his Pilgrim's Progress had combined dialogue with 
narrative. To those who wish to know minutely about Bunyan, consult Lord Macaulay, 
Ivimy, Philips, and Southey Western Memorabilia. 

BURK, JOHN. History of Virginia, from the First Settlement to the Commence- 
ment of the Revolution. 3 vols., 8vo, half calf, neat, $45. Richmond, 1823 
The author was an Irishman by birth, but an American by compulsion. He had to leave 
Ireland, with Emmet, McNevin, Sampson and others who participated in the rebellion 
about the end of the last century. He was quite a voluminous author on history, politics, 
the drama and miscellaneous literature. He foolishly threw away his life by a duel in 1808. 

BURNEY, JAMES. Chronological History of North-Eastern Voyages of Dis- 
covery, and of the early eastern navigations of the Russians. 8vo, boards, 
$3. London, 1819 



[ 11 ] 

BURROUGHS, STEPHEN, Memoirs of, containing many Incidents in the Life 
of this wonderful man, never before published. 18mo, pp. 356. Boston, 1835 

BURNS. ROBERT. Poems chiefly in the Scottish Dialect. To which are added 
Scottish Poems selected from the works of Robert Ferguson. Rare ])ortrait 
evidently a native production. t2nio. half calf, i)p, 306. New Yorlv, 1788 
The New York eJitioii of the works of Robert Burn?, 1788, may 80 far be pronounced 
imique. No copv with the exc<jption of the one named has been ween by the most sharp 
hawk-eyed book huutcr, or the keenest bibliographer, nor by any of the living generation so 
far as known. I used to banter the Nestor of Vandewater Street (John Allan, who was 
very anxious to possess this book) that I would exchange my copy of the first American 
edition for his Kilmarnock, the first Scotch edition, providing he would add a fifty dollar 
bill by w-ay of inducing me to part with such a rarity. lie declined to comply with this 
generous offer and so never had the pleasure of being possessed of what he long had set his 
aflections on. He lived in the hopes of some day procuring a copy, but before that day ar- 
rived he had "passed that bourne from whence no traveller returns." It is probable that 
the edition was very limited and fell chiefly into the hands of poor Scottish emigrants which 
in some measure accounts for its disappearance. This class of people not being very care- 
ful book preservers, and the second generation of such generally become weail^iier looked 
upon old dirty books as refuse or rather a nuisance and as a consequence were consigned to 
the dunirhill or oven, thus sharing the fate of the precious contents of the far famed Egypt- 
ian Library at Alexandria Western Memorabilia. 

BURNS, ROBERT. Pocnus chiefly in the Scottish Dialect. Portrait, evidently 
inserted. Engraved at Phila., 1805. 12mo, pp. 304, sheep-binding, $30. 

Phila., 1788 
It is difficult at this time to determine whether this or the New York edition bearing the 
same date was the first of Bunis's works published in America. It may, however, be pre- 
sumed that the Philadelphia was the first i)crhap9 by a month or two. The quaker city 
was then the capital of the lately enfranchised Colonies, and as a matter of course commu- 
nication with Europe was much more frequent and direct than any other port on the 
Athintic coast. Hence the greater part of everything imported most likely came to Phila- 
delphia Western Memorabilia. 

BURNS, ROBERT. Poems chiefly in the Scottish dialect. To which are added, 
Scott's Poems, selected from the works of Robert Ferguson. Small 8vo, pp. 
306. Portrait. New York, 1799 
This is evidently a portion of the first New York edition, which doubtless fell into the 
hands of another proprietor who appears to have printed a new title with a more modern 
date. The Portrait, paging and form exactly corresponds with the first. This was a com- 
mon practice at that time and not unfrequent now, many instances could be cited. The 
first was printed and ])ublished by .1. and J. M'Lean, No. 41 Hanover Square, 1788. The 
second by John Tiebout, :fi8 Pearl Street, 1799. Tliis copy is in beautiful preservation, as 
much so as the day when it was published, the Portrait a clear and distinct impression. 
To such as are desirous of adding a rare book to their collection, which has obtained a 
world wide reputation, here is an opportunity of procuring a gem. The volume is of the 
greatest rarity, as much so as an honest man ; a truthful eulogy ; or a true friend. 
Western MEMORAsruA. 

BURNS, ROBERT. A Bibliography of all the American Editions of his works 
as well as all the books written on him and them, from 1788 to 18G8. In 
Mannscrijit, 4to. New York 
This bibliographv will set in a much clearer light the extraordinary popularity of the 
writings of Robert Burns in North America, than all the eulogies, dissertations, criticisms, 
or panegyrics ever passed on him or them at all the merry gatherings, or solemn meetings from 
the bursting forth of his genius even until now. It may be ot)served that the early .\inericaa 
editions of his works, not more than two thousand or so at a time werejirinted forming an 
edition, and then the type distributed. This process gives but a feeble idea of the demand 
for his works as compared with the now vast hoards of volumes thrown ofVauunally by not 
leas than ten difl'erent publishers throughout the United States. These arc all stereotyped 
and they are, as occasion demands, printed by the many thousands, and then immediaicly 
scattered over the vast surface of the United States and Canada, from Maine to Texas, from 
New York to California, and from the bleak and dreary shores of Labrador to the cheerful 
sunny coasts of the Pacific seas. Besides the quantities annually imported from England 
and Scotland to the States and Canada, both costly and cheap copies. Prices from twenty- 
five cents per copy to twenty-five dollars. 1 have heard his songs chanted by the rude Mis- 
sijjpi boatmen while lloating down in their ruder slti'^gish arks, nolwiilisiandiiig they iinder- 
etood his dialect imperfectly. This was fame indeed, as Sir Walter Sioit is reporled to have 
said, on either seeing or hearing that a coarse jjortrait of him cheaply framed, hung up in 
the public room of a very humble inn in some remote part of Hungary. With the exception 
of Sliakespeare, Burns is the most i)opular and best known author in America. Hunyaii 
will follow mainly in, by and through his immortal Pilgrim's Progress, which has been pro- 
lific in editions beyond all belief. Western Memorabilia. 

BURNS, ROBERT, The Works of, with an accoimt of his Life, and a Criticism 
on his Writings, by J. Currie, M. D. 4 vols., 12mo, pp. 386, 500, 4+t. 438, !f!H. 

Pliiiadclpliia. 1801 

This is the first complete edition of the works of the Scottish Theocrates published in 

America. It is a reprint of Dr. CurrieV famous Liverpool edition. It does great credit to 

the American press at that early period, it is better gotten up than many of the booku pro- 



[ 12 ] 

duced at the present day both as regards paper, printing and binding. The portrait is 
well executed. It is taken from Nay smith's painting of the poet's likeness and engraved by 
by A. Lawson. 

BUSH, GEORGE. Ezekiel's Vision, an Attempted Explanation of tlie Living 
Creatures and wheels, in the Book of Ezekiel. 8vo, pp. 70. His first book. 
$3. Cincinnati, 1829 

BUSH, GEORGE. New Church Miscellanies, or Cssays, Ecclesiastical, Doctrinal 
and Ethical. 12mo, pp. 372, $1.50. New York, 1855 

BUSH, GEORGE. Memoirs and Reminiscences of, being for the most part volun- 
tary Contributions from different Friends who have kindly consented to tliis 
Memorial of his worth. Edited and arranged by Woodbury M. Fernald. 
' 12mo, pp. 408. Perfect portrait. $3. Boston, 18G0 

The truly amiable and good Dr. Bush, whom I frequently fell in with, always brought 
me in mind of what I supposed Pascal, Baxter and Boston had been, and how they ap- 
peared. Amiable, simple and unpretending as a Moravian patriarch, with a temper so com- 
posed, placid and serious as to bid defiance to all discomposure. Wise and learned be- 
yond his contemporaries, lull of good will to the whole human race, with a deep sense of 
his obligations as a teacher of his fellow men. He said that he put forth and promulgated 
opinions during his less mature years which he now totally condemned, and if he could, would 
bury them in oblivion. Among these advocacies and opinions was the supposed scriptural 
prohibition of a man marrying his deceased wife's sister. This opinion, said he, was with 
me educational and by no means the result of scriptural investi<jation or reading the opin- 
ions of the ablest writers pro and con on the subject. This prohibition from time to time 
had been agitated through newspapers, pamphlets, general assemblies, conventions, and 
otherwise rather intemperately, which had the efi'ect to cause me to make a thorough scrip- 
tural investigation on the subject as well as the treaties by the most capable writers. This 
process resulted in an entire overthrow of my original opinions. I can discover no scriptural 
prohibition to this practice throughout either the old or new testament, and if not found there 
no church has the remotest authority to introduce such an inhibition as a rule : and further 
if we may judge from positive commands as well as the practice among the Jews, that the 
very contrary was not only the opinion but the practice during old testament times. Abra- 
ham married his half sister, Jacob had two sisters to wife at one time, and we may safely 
come to the conclusion that Ruth married her brother-in-law, and further see Deut. xxv, 5th, 
etc., where if one brother dies and leaves a widow, the surviving brother is commanded 
to go and marry his deceased brother's widow, and in the event of refusing to do so is sub- 
ject to be insulted as well as punished for his neglect. This prohibition is simply a relic of 
Komanism, which a few straight laced protestants have never been able to shake ofl', as is 
the case with several other absurdities. 

He was one of those who with a spec of genius, incessant and unwearied application, 
raised himself above the common level of his fellow men. Notwithstanding his laborious 
exertions his efforts proved unprofitable to him, in a pecuniary sense, by the publication of 
his numerous and various works, for he was a voluminous author ; perhaps not less than 
thirty volumes including pamphlets, were produced by his brain and pen ; among them 
eight or ten volumes of a commentary on the five books of Moses, Joshua, Judges, etc. He 
attemptad to do the same thing for the book of Psalms, but never got beyond the first num- 
ber, also an anonymous treatise on the priesthood which gave considerable oflence to the 
thin-skinned and weak minded brethren and pharisees of the age. When I was about visit- 
ing Europe, he put letters into my hands addressed to the publishers of his books in Eng- 
land and Scotland, and requested that I should hand them in person to the gentlemen to 
whom they were addressed. I promised fidelity to his injunctions. After arriving in Lon- 
don I hunted up one of the publishers and presented him the letter. He requested me to 
be seated till he perused it ; this being over he in substance said that the contents of the 
letter was from Dr. Bush, with a request for remuneration for the use of his books, couched 
in very courteous language. I regret exceedingly, continued he, that I have it not in my 
power to make him any compensation for republishing his works in England. I am re- 
luctantly compelled to this course for the following reason, namely, every one has a legal 
right to republish in Great Britain, all foreign productions which are not protected by inter- 
national copyright treaty. I knew that his writings were not protected here and so free to 
all to publish who pleased, and therefore the only protection I could procure, in the 
event of publishing tliem was cheapness, that is to say, get the books up at such a low rate 
as that none else would think it worth their while to come into competition. There is, 
however, a sad draw-back to this practice, the profits in the transactions are so trifling 
that it seems hardly worth while to be at the trouble of producing such books. For exam- 
ple I published his commentaries on the five l)ooks of Moses, Joshua and Judges, in one 
volume, double columns, 8vo, at two and sixpence sterling, while the American edition in 
eighteen volumes duodecimo sells for ten dollars. Thus you can perceive tbat I am left without 
power to afford Professor Bush any compensation. Were I to send him all the profits I made 
from the sale of his liooks he would look upon it as a mockery and as unworthy of accept- 
ance. I heartily wish that international arrangements were such as to give protection to all 
foreign authors and his distant imlilisher. Had such been the case I could have aflbrded to 
have paid the professor a handsome sum for the use of his books in this coimtry. The 
Scottish publisher returned me in substance a like answer. 

In his latter years he joined the Swedenborg society of Christian professors. That amiable 
class of people esteemed him highly in life and still hold his memory in affectionate regards. 
At this transition a few of his former associates and colaborers of the uncharitable class, 
stigmatized him as an apostate or a monomaniac, but when it is taken into consideration 
that Swedenborg had such distinguished converts as the king of Sweden. Oberlin, Lavater, 
Kant, Coleridge, together with innumerable professors, landgraves, bishops and arch- 



[13] 

bishops, all men having the opportunity of securing accurate information and forming 
correct judtrmcnts, it would set'in but prudent in any one to be careful how they charge 
any one witli apostacy. This was exactly what the Jews charged Saul of Tarsus with, be- 
cause he had the courage to follow his own convictions. Dr. Bush was born in 17()(i, and 
educated at Dartmouth College. To such as desire to learn more about him and his writ, 
ings, see AUibone's Dictionary of English Literature, vol. 1, ])p. 309. Philadelphia, 1S5!)- 
The best portrait of him wall be found connected with his Life, published iu Boston, 
18(J0 Western Memorabilia. 

BUTLER, FREDERICK. Complete History of the United States of America, 
embracing tlie whole period from the Discovery of North America, down to 
the year 1820. 3 vols., 8vo, $4.50. Hartford, 1821 

BUTLER, WILLIAM ALLEN. Martin Van Buren, Lawyer, Statesman, and 
Man, 18mo, pp. 47, $1. New York, 18G3 

BUTTERFIELD, CARLOS. United States and Mexico. Commerce, Trade, and 
Postal Facilities between the two countries, Statistics of Mexico. 8vo, pp. 
297, large colored map, $3. New York, 18G1 

BUXTON, THOMAS F. The African Slave Trade. 8vo, pp. 255, $2. Author's 
Autograph. London, 1839 

CABINET (The) Of Instruction, Literature, Amusement and Original Essays ; 
with Extracts from new works. Wood cuts, 4 vols., missing vol. 4tli, 8vo, half 
calf, $5. New York, 1829, 1831 

CALDWELL, DAVID. (Near sixty years pastor of the Churches of Buffalo and 
Alamance). A sketch of the life and character of. By Rev. E. W. Caruthers 
8vo, pp. 302, $2. Greensborough, N. C. 1842 

CALHOUN. JOHN C, The Works of, vols. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. 8vo, cloth, $7.50. 

New York, 1853 

CALIFORNIA, Histoire Naturelle et Civile de la California. Enriche dela Cart© 
du Pays et des Mers adjacentes. Traduite de I'Anglais, par M. E. 3 vols., 
12mo, calf, $10. Paris, 1767, 

CALLEN, JOHN F. Military Laws of the United States relating to the army, 
marine corps, volunteers, militia, and to bounty lands and pensions from the 
foundation of the government to the year 1858. 8vo, pp. 484, $5. 

Baltimore, 1858 

CALLANDER, JAMES THOMPSON. The Political Reporter or Proceedings 
of the Session of Congress from Nov. 3d, 1794, to March 3d, 1795, with an ap- 
pendix. 8vo, uncut, pp. 245, vol. 1st. Philadelphia, 1795. 

CAMBRIDGE PLATFORM of Church Discipline, adopted 1G80 ; also a Con- 
fession of Faith. 12mo, $1. Boston, 1850 

CAMPAIGNS. Narrative of the Campaigns of the British at Washington, 
Baltimore, and New Orleans, under Gens. Ross, Packingham, etc., in tho 
years 1814, and 1815. By an Officer. 8vo, pp. 431, $3. Philadelphia, 1821 

CAMPBELL, J. L. Idaho ; six months in tlie New Gold Diggings. The emi- 
grant's guide overland. Itinerary of the routes, features of the country. Jour- 
nal of Residence, &c. 8vo, pp. 521, wood-cuts, $2. Chicago, 18C4 

CANALS. Laws of the State of New York in relation to the Erie and Cliaiiii)lain 
Canals, together with the Annual Reports of the Commissioners, and ollicial 
History of those works. Maps, plates, 2 vols., royal 8vo, $5. Albany, 1825 

CAPE ANNE. The Landing at Cape Anne ; or the Cliarter of the first ])ernmnent 
colony on the; territory ftf the Massachusetts Company, now discovered 
and first published from the Original Manuscript with an iiKjuiry into its 
autlu)rity and a history of the Colony 1G24, '28, Roger Conant, Governor, 
bv John Wingate Thornton. Map and plate, 8vo, pp. 9G, $2.50. 

Boston, 1854 

CAREY'S American Atlas, containing Twelve maps, with a brief description of 
each State, and of Lawrence, 3d edition carefully inii)n)vc(i. Hvo, uncut, in 
fine condition, pp. 119, $5. Pliiladclphia, 180(i 

CAROLINA, Olden Times in. By an Octogenarian Liuiy of Clinrleston. S. C, 
12mo, pp. 202, $2. Cliarlcston, 1855 



[ 14] 

CARPENTER, S. C. Select American Speeches, Forensic and Parliamentary. 
In the collection will be found those by Patrick Henry, Madison, Wilson, 
Harper, Gen. Hamilton, Fisher Ames, Randolph, Wirt, and others. 2 vols., 
8vo, boards, uncut, $5. Philadelphia, 1815 

CARROLL, ANNA ELLA. The Star of the West, or National Men and Na- 
tional Measures, with Portraits of Millard Filmore, G. B. Locke, A. B. Ely, 
Erastus Brooks, N. Ramsay, Edward 0. Perren, U. S. Levy, Ely Perry, Sid- 
ney Kopman, George D. Prentice. 12mo, pp. 450, $3. Boston, 1857 

CARROLL, JOHN (First Archbishop of Baltimore), Biographical Sketch of, 
with select portions of his writings, edited by J. C. Brent. Portrait, 13mo , 
cloth, $3. Baltimore, 1 843 

CARVER, JOHN. Sketches of New England, or Manners of the Coxmtry. 

12mo, half calf, $2. New York, 1843 

CASSIN, JOHN. Mammalogy and Ornithology. U. S. Exploring Expedition. 

4to, cloth, with a Folio Atlas of 53 col'd plates, i morocco, $50. Phila., 1858 

CATALOGUS Bibliothecae Harvardianfe Cantabrigse Nova Anglorum. 8vo, pp. 
110 and 358, $2. Boston, 1790 

CENSUS. Compendium of the Enumeration of the Inhabitants and Statistics of 
the United States, as obtained at the Department of State, from the returns 
of the Sixth Census, by Counties and principal Towns. Population, Wealth, 
and Resources of the country, etc., etc. Folio, boards, $2. Washington, 1841 

CENSUS. The Seventh Census of the United States, 1850, embracing a statisti- 
cal view of each of the States and Territories, arranged by Counties, Towns, 
etc., etc., by J. D. B. DeBow. Thick 4to, half russia, $2. Wash., 1853 

CENTRAL PARK. Report of the Special Committee on Parks relative to laying 
out a new Park in the upper part of the City ; Map of the upper part of the 
Island. 8vo, pp. about 50, $2. New York, 1852 

CENTRAL PARK, Reports of the Commissioners of, from the Commencement 
1857 to 1867, both inclusive, 11 parts with one preliminary and supplementary 
Report, illustrated with numerous maps and engraved views. These annual 
publications are become very rare ; so much so, that complete sets are un- 
procurable. New York, 1857-67 

CENTRAL PARK. Communications to the Commissioners of the Central Park 
relative to improvements, by A. H. Green. 8vo, pp. 75, $2. New York, 1866 

CHALMERS, GEORGE. An introduction to the History of the Revolt of the 
American Colonies, being a comprehensive view of its origin, derived from the 
state papers, contained in the public oifices of Great Britain. 2 vols, in 1, 8vo, 
cloth, $5. Boston, 1845 

CHARLESTOWN, S. C. Census of the City of, for the year 1848, exhibiting the 
condition and pros]3ects of the city, illustrated by many Statistical Details, by 
J. L. Dawson, H. W. DeSaussure. 8vo, cloth, $2. Charlestown, 1849 

CHARLEVOIX FRANCES XAVIER. Histoire De L' Isle Espagnole ou de S. Do- 
mingue ecrite particulierement sur des Memoires Manuscrites du P. Jan Bap- 
tiste, le Pere Jesuite. 2 vols., 4to, many maps, fine copy, $10. Paris, 1731 

CHARLEVOIX, P. Francois Xavier de. Histoire Du Paraguay. 6 vols., 12mo, 
maps, $7.50. Paris, 1757 

CHASE, ELIZABETH. Miscellaneous Selections and Original Pieces in Prose 
and Verse. 12mo, pp. 228, $2. Sine loco, 1821. 

The Author was sister to Samuel Chase of Maryland, one of the Signers of the Declaration 
of Independence. 

CHAUNCY, CHARLES. Seasonable Thoughts pn the State of Religion in New 
England, a Treatise in five Parts, with a Preface giving an account of the 
Antinomians, Familists and Libertines, who infected these Churches, above 
an 100 years ago, &c. 8vo, pp. 472, $3. Boston, 1743 

CHESTERFIELD, LORD. Letters written to his son, Philip Stanhope, together 
with his Lordsliip's Life, and an account of his son, some Poems and Maxims. 
2 vols., 12mo, pp. 460, 620. Newport, R. I., 1779 



[15 ] 

CHILD, L. MARIA. Letters from New York. 8d ed., Ist and 2d Series, 2 vols., 

12mo, cloth, $3. Now York, 1847 

In one of these vohimes will be found a very interei5ting biographical sketch of McDonald 

Clarke, the so called Mad Poet. " I am not mad most discerning public but simply think for 

myself. This is the head and front of my madness." 

CHILD, SIR JOSI AH. A New Diacoiu'se of Trade wherein is recommended seve- 
ral weig-lity points relating- to Companies of Merchants. The act of Naviga- 
tion, Naturalization of Straupers and our Woolen Manufactures. The Balance 
of Trade, and the nature of Plantations, and their consequences in relation to 
the Kingdom, are seriously discussed. Methods for tlie em])lo}mient and 
maintenance of the poor are jjroposed. The reduction of interest of money to 
£4. per centum is recommended. And some proposals for erecting a Court of 
Merchants for determining^ Controversies, relating^ to maritime aHairs, and for 
a law for transference of Bills of Debts, are humbly oflered. 12mo, jjp. 280, 
$G. London, 1G98 

CHITTENDEN, THOMAS. A Memoir of the first governor of Vermont, with a 
history of the constitution during his administration, by Daniel Chipman. 
ISmo, pp. 222. Middlebury, 1849 

CHOATE, RUFUS, The Works of, with a Memoir of his Life, by Samuel G. 
Brown. Portrait. 2 vols., 8vo, cloth, pp. 570, 527. "Boston, 18G2 

Choate was one of nature's nobles, he was as simple as a child, as candid as Nathaniel, 
and in intellect soared far beyond the most of his compeers. 

CHRISTIAN EXAMINER, and General Review, from vol. 22, 1837 to vol. 71, 

1861. 50 vols., 8vo, half bound, uniform, fresh binding, a very desirable set, 

$62.50. Boston, 1837, '61 

The most scholarly and able review published in the United States. The best men of the 

country have been and are contributors to it. 

CHEISTIAN HISTORY, The, containing Accoimts of the Revival and Propa- 
gation of Religion in Great Britain and America. For the year 1743. 8vo, 
calf, pp. 416. Boston, 1744 

This is the first attempt at publishing a Magazine in the British Colonies of North Ame- 
rica. It is mainly devoted to the cause of propagating the gospel in both liciiiispheres. 
Amongst other things will be found an account of the revivals of religion at Kilsytli, Scot- 
land, the Keligion of the first settlers of New England, with its decay, also on i)roi))igating 
Religion in Ehode Island Colony, Revival of Religion in Newark, N. J., Northampton, and 
Portsmouth, New England, &c., &c. 

CHRISTIE, ROBERT. A History of the late province of Lower Canada, parlia- 
mentary and political, from the commencement to the close of its existence as 
a separate province. 6 vols., 12mo, cloth, $6. Montreal, 1866 

CLAIBORNE, NATHANIEL H. Notes on the War in the South; with Bio- 
graphical Sketches of the Lives of Montgomery, Jackson, Sevier, Gover, Clai- 
borne, and others. 12mo, pp. 112, $5. Richmond, Va., 1819 

CLARK, FREDERICK G. The Stone of Help ; or our Five Years Review. A 
Discourse delivered in 23d Street Church, April 19, 1837. 18mo, pp. 53, $1. 
Printiid for the use of the Congregation. 

CLARKSON, T. An Essay on the Impolicy of the African Slave Trad(% to which 
is added an Oration, the necessity of establishing at Paris a Society to pro- 
mote the Abolition of the Trade and Slavery of Negroes, l)v J. P. Brissot 
De Warville. 8vo, pp. 155, uncut, $2. Philadelphia, 1789 

CLAY, HENRY, Life and Times of, by Calvin Colton. 2 vols., 8vo, cloth, !j;3. 

New York, 1840 

CLAY, HENRY, The last seven years of the life of Henry Clav, bv C. Colton. 
8vo, cloth, pp. 504, $2. New York, 1856 

CLAY, HENRY, Life, Correspondence, and Speeches of, by Calvin C'olton. 6 
vols., 8vo, sheep, $15. New York, 1857 

CLAY, HENRY, Life and Speeches of, Cinn])ile(l and Edited by Daniel Mallory, 
with valuable additions, etc., also various important letters not heretofore 
published. 2 vols., thick 8vo, ])ortrait, half calf, neat, $5 ; cloth, $3. 

New York, 1857 

CLAY, HENRY, Report of the C'ommittee of Arrangements of the Common 
Council of New York, of the Obse(|uie8 in Memory of Portrait, and Engrav- 
ings. 8vo, cloth, pp. 362, $2. New York, 1852 



[16] 

CLAY, HENRY, Life and Speeches of, by Greeley and McElrath, portrait and 
fac-simile Letter and View of his birth-place. 2 vols., 8vo, pp. 531, 591. 

New York, 1843 

CLARKSON, THOMAS. A Portraiture of Quakerism, taken from a view of the 
Moral Education, Discipline, Peculiar Customs, Religious Principles, Political 
and Civil Economy and Character of the Society of Friends. 3 vols., 8vo, 
boards, uncut, $4. London, 1807 

COAST SURVEY. Report of the Superintendent A. D. Bache. Maps, 8vo, pp. 
23, $1. Washington, 1844 

COBB, THOMAS, R. R. An Enquiry into the Laws of Negro Slavery in the 
United States to which are prefixed an Historical Sketch of Slavery. 8vo, 
pp. 586, vol. 1, all published, $5. Philadelphia, 1855 

CODDINGTON, DAVID, Speeches and Addresses of, with a Biographical Sketch. 

Portrait, 8vo, pp. 177, $2.25. New York, 1866 

Had the democracy imitated the practice and adopted the advice of this talented and 
patriotic citizen, they would not be in the condition that they are in and have been in for 
the last eight years. He was one of those men who never attained the position in public 
estimation which he richly deserved. All public men are either overruled or underestimated ; 
he belonged to the latter class. He dared to deliver an eulogy on the virtues of Abraham 
Lincoln and supported the union cause with firmness and manliness. 

COLBURN, ZERA, A Memoir of, written by himself, containing his first discovery 
of his remarkable powers ; his travels in America and residence in Europe. 
With his peculiar method of calculation. 12mo, pp. 104. Fitll length portrait 
$1.25. Springfield, Mass., 1833 

COLLECTION OF PAPERS. Interesting and Authentic, relative to the dispute 
between Great Britain and America ; showing the causes and progress of that 
misunderstanding, from 1764 to 1775. 8vo, $10. London, 1779 

This volume is a very essential adjunct to Almon's Remembrancer, which embodies all the 
public, confidential, as well as private papers in the possession of the British government, as 
well as that of the colonial authorities touching the American Revolution. 

COLLIS, CHRISTOPHER. A Survey of Roads of the United States of America. 
In 80 sheets, 8vo size, $5. New York, 1789 

COLLIS, CHRISTOPHER. Proposals of a Design for the Promotion of the Interests 
of the United States of America, extending its advantages to all ranks and 
conditions of men by means of inland navigable communication. With a 
map of part of the state of New Jersey, pointing out the course of an intended 
inland navigation between New York and Philadelphia, by Christopher 
Collis. 8vo, pp. 22, an extremely rare pamphlet, $5. New York, 1808 

Collis has the merit of projecting the great Erie Canal, while De Witt Clinton snatched 
away the prize, and what is more unfortunate claimed and obtained the honor which has 
been wrongfully awarded him. 

COLUMBIA. Historia de la revolution de la republic de Columbia par Jose 
Manual Restrepo. 11 tom., $10. Paris, 1827 

COLUMBIAN ELOQUENCE. Being the Speeches of the most celebrated Ameri- 
can orators as delivered in the late interesting trial of the Hon. Samuel Chase 
before the senate of the United States. 3 vols., 18mo, $5. Baltimore, 1806 

COLUMBIAN MAGAZINE (The), and Monthly Miscellany, containing a view of 
the history, literature, manners, character of the people. Edited by E. Morris. 
12 vols., 8vo, many plates, $75. Philadelphia, 1786, 1792 

This was in all probability the first magazine published in the United States after the 
close of the revolution. It is illustrated with numerous plates representing local scenery, 
newly invented machines, the first Amer. coins, and Catahsgues of Natural History. It was 
subsequently rebaptized and named the Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. It 
commenced being published September, 1786, and died June, 1792, uumberiug 12 vols., 8vo. 

COLUMBUS. Delia patria di Cristofora Colombo Dissertazione pubblicata nelle 
memorie dell' accademia imperiale delle scienze di torino Ristampata con giunte, 
documenti, lettere diverse ed una dissertazione epistolare intorno all' autor 
del libro de imitatione Christi. 8vo, uncut, pp. 424, $3. Firenze, 1808 

COLUMBUS. Colleccion de los Viages y Descubrimientos, que Hicieron por mar 
los Espanoles desde fines del siglo XV, con varies documentos ineditors con- 
cernientes a la Historia de la Marina Castellana y de los establecimientos Es- 
panoles en Indias, Coordinada e Ilustrada por don Martin Fernandez de 
Navarrete. 2 vols., folio, large paper, $16. Madrid, 1825 



[ 17] 

COLUMBUS. Memorials of a Col Icct ion of A uthentic Documents of the celebrated 
navigator, translated from the Spanish. 8vo, portrait, $4. London, 1823 

COMMON PRAYER, Book of, and administration of the Sacraments, &c.. &c., 
of the Protestant Episcopal Church, in the U. S. of America. Together with 
the Psalter, and Psalms of David. 18mo, $3. Philadelphia, IT!)/). 

CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA. Puldic Laws of the Confederate 
States of America, passed at the first session of the first Congress, 18G2, 'S, and 
'4. Carefully collated with the originals at Richmond. Edited l)y J. M. 
Matthews. To be continued annually. 4to, $5. Richmond, 1863 

CONGRESSIONAL DEBATES. Register of Debates in "Congress, comprising 
the leading debates and incidents of the second session of the 18th Congress ; 
together with an appendix containing the most important State pa])(>rs and 
public documents, to which the session has given birth ; to which are added 
the laws enacted during the session, with a copious index to tlie whole. From 
Dec. 6th, 1824, to Oct. 6th, 1837. 29 vols., royal 8vo, ^leep binding. 

Wasliington, 1825, &c. 

CONNECTICUT. Memoirs of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. 
Vol. 1, part 1. 8vo, boards, uncut, $2. New Haven, 1810 

CONNECTICUT. Minutes of tlie General Association of Connecticut from June, 
1835 to Jmie, 1859, both inclusive, 24 parts or years, $5. Hartford, 1836-'59 

CONNECTICUT, Contributions to the Ecclesiastical History of, prepared under 
the direction of the General Association, to commemorate the cimipletiou of 
150 years since its first annual assembly. Bvo, boards, pp. 576, $5. 

New Haven, 1861 

CONTESTED ELECTIONS, Cases of, in Congress, from 1789 to 1834, inclu- 
sive. 8vo, pp. 1025, $4. Washington, 1824 

CONVENTION 1787. Secret Proceedings and Debates of the Convention assem- 
bled at Pliiladelphia in the year 1787, for the purpose of forming the Consti- 
tution of the United States of America from notes taken by the late Robert 
Yates, Chief Justice of New York, and copied by John Lansing, late Chancellor 
of that State, members of that Convention including : the Genuine Informa- 
tion laid l)efore the Legislature of Maryland, by Luther Martin, attorney-ge- 
neral of that State and member of the same convention, also other Historical 
Documents, relative to the Federal Compact of the North American Union. 
12mo, pp. 335, §3. Louisville, 1838 

CORNWALLIS. Correspondence of Charles, First Marquis Cornwallis. Edited 
with notes by Charles Ross. 3 vols., 8vo, cloth, portrait. One volume 
damaged on the cover, $6. London, 1859 

CORRESPONDENCE on the present relations between Great Britain and the 
United States of America. 8vo, pp. 153, 11.50. Boston, 1863 

COTTON. Introduction and early progress of the cotton manufacture in the 
United States. 12mo, pp. 108, $1.25. Boston, 1863 

COVELL, SAMUEL, Missionary to the Tuscarora Indians and jirovince of 
Ui)])er Canada, Memoirs of, including a history of the origin and progress 
of Missionarv operations. To which is addtsd a memoir of A. L. ('ovell. 3 
vols, in one, "pp. 164, 226, $3. Brandon, 1839 

CRANTZ, DAVID. History of (ireenland, including an account of the Mission 
carried on by tlie United Brethren in that country. Translati'd from the 
German, with a continuation to th(! ])resent time, illustrative^ notes and an 
appendix. Map and plates. 3 vols., 8vo, half calf, $10. liondon, 1820 

CRANTZ, DAVID. Another copy. Vol. 3 <mlv, 8vo, boards, uncut. $1. 

London. 1830 

CRAYON, THE. A Journal devoted to the (irai)]iic Arts, and the Literatnr(> re- 
lated to them. 8vols., 4to. Commenced January 3, 1855. ended July, 18(il. 

New York, 1H55, &c. 

CRESAP, ("APT. MICHAEL, A Biograi)hical Sketch of the Life of, by John J. 
Jacob, from the Cumberland Edition of 1826, with Notes and Api>eudix for 

3 



[ 18 ] 

Wm. Dodjre. Pp. 158. Also, a Journal of Wayne's Campaign against the 
Northwestern Indians, in 1794, by Lieut. Boyer. Pp. 23, 4to, unbound and 
uncut, $5. Cincinnati, 1866 

William Dodge, a citizen of Cincinnati, the queen city of tlie west, pleasantly situated on 
the lianks of the Ohio river, whose slopes from end to end must soon become dotted with 
millions of human beings, was the publisher of this heretofore rare book. It is note-worthy 
that he was not a book publisher, nor a bookseller, but simply a hard-working mechanic, 
when he conceived the notion of publishing this, and other equally rare books, illustrating 
the early history and biography of the country. In doing so he dashed down among book 
publishers, book sellers and book buyers lilie a white crow among his jetty compeers. 
They were surprised at his temerity, but by no means displeased at the novel accession to 
their ranks. What other man in the United States, engrafted, brought up, and trained as 
he was, would have dared to have left the ranks which he apparently had been so immova- 
bly fixed, and taken to the republishing of old books, the sale of which would be doubtful 
and limited if even successful V To be sure, Lackington the mammoth bookseller, was a 
member of the same craft, but he was simply a bookseller, and not a publisher, till he be- 
came wealthy ; thus ending where Dodge commenced. All who have seen his cheerful, 
smiling countenance, and experienced a hearty grasp of his muscular hand, will become 
prepossessed in his favor. Dr. Bell, in his famous Bridgewater treatise on the Meclianics of 
the Hand, before writing that book must have had a grasp of his hand, or some one equally 
powerful, or he certainly could not have written so eloquently and learnedly, on the use 
and power of this indispensable organ. A man is to be commended as well as admired 
who can strike out from the beaten tract he has been grounded in from his youtli and up- 
wards, it indicates mind as well as self-rehance, a combination of such qualities is in a 
great majority of cases the cause of success. Mr Dodge is a native of New England, a 
small and sterile spot situated on the eastern sliores of the vast continent of North America 
hemmed in by the St. Lawrence gulf, a diminutive and uncongenial nook of territory which 
has produced more active and enterprising spirits, than the whole of the country besides. 
These hardy, self-relying men are to be found scattered over every state in the union as well 
as all over the world. Mr. Dods'e has long resided in Cincinnati, so long as Paddy has said, 
that he has become a native. He has alt'ernately been a mechanic, a musician, book-pub- 
lisher, and a soldier. In the last capacity he served through the whole of the wars of the 
southern rebellion Western Memorabilia. 

CRISIS, THE, Containing XXVIII Numbers. 12mo, pp. 236. 

London, printed, New York, reprinted, by John Anderson, at Beekman Slip. 

M.DCC.LXXVI 

The author of these Essays and Poems appears to have been a kind of a little Junius, 
having all his intense venom and somewhat coarser invective, but without his puugeut 
abilities. The principal object of his attacks would appear to be Lords Bute, North and 
Mansfield, not forgetting George III. He anathematizes that trio, for their attempts at in- 
ft'inging upon the vested rights of Englishmen and their unwarranted and tyrannical at- 
tempts to govern the British American Colonies in violation of law and the British Con- 
stitution, tliereby causing the colonies to resort to arms in defence of their sacred rights. 
He calls upon and urges the Americans to resist these minions of power, witli an earnest- 
ness and a bitterness that sounds like eufuriated rage. The following passage riiay be 
taken as a specimen. " Ye conspirators against the liberties of mankincl at St. James's in 
St Stephen's Cliapel, the House of Lords, or amongst the bench of Satanical bishops, you 
must sm-ely think there is no God to judge, nor hell to receive you ; or you could never be 
so far abandoned as to stain your hands, and consent to dye the plains of America with the 
innocent blood of her inhabitants." The volume must be of great rarity, as this is the 
only second copy that I have fallen in with in my researches, and they have been many and 
minute Western Memorabilia. 

CROSS, MRS. L. A. L. Portraiture and Pencilings of the late Mrs. L. A. L. 
Cross. By her husband. 12mo, pp. 352, $2. Nashville, Tenn., 1851 

CULLUM, CAPT. GEO. W. Description of a system of military bridges, with 
India-rttbber pontoons prepared for the use of the United States Army, 8vo, 
plates, $2. New York, 1849 

CULLUM, GEORGE W. Register of the officers and graduates of the United 
States Military Academy at West Point, N. Y., from March 16th, 1802 to 
January 1st, 1850. 12mo, pp. 303, |2. New York, 1850 

CYNICK (The). By Growler Gruff, Esquire, aided by a confederacy of lettered 
dogs. 18mo, pp. 210, extremely rare, $5. Philadelphia, 1812 

DAGUERREOTYPE (The). A Magazine of Foreign Literature and Science com- 
piled chiefly from the periodical publications of England, France and Germany. 
3 vols., royal 8vo, half sheep, $6. Boston, 1847-49 

DAILY, CHARLES P. The Nature, Extent and History of the Judicature of the 
Surrogate's Court of the State of New York, 8vo, pp. 54, cloth, $3. N. Y., 1863 

DALCHO, FREDERICK. Historical Account of the Protestant Episcopal Church, 
in South Carolina, from the first settlement of the province to the war of the 
revolution, and some account of the early civil history of Carolina never before 
published, &c., &c. 8vo, sheep, pp. 621, $3. Charleston, 1820 



[ I'J ] 

DANKERS, JASPER, and PETER SLUYTER. Journal of n voyage to New York 

and a Tour in sevi'val of the American colonies, in 1G79-80, translated from 

the oriii-inal manuscript in Dutch by the Hon. Henry C. Mm-phy. Twelve maps 

and plates. 8vo, pj). 41)5, ){;5. ' ' Brooklyn, 1867 

This forms the first vohime of the Long Island Ilistorical Society publications. ' 

DAVIS, ANDREW JACKSON. The Great Harmonia, being a philosoiihical re- 
velation of the natural, spiritual, aud celestial universe. The Phvsician, 
Teacher, Seer, and Reformer, 4 vols., 12nio, cloth, |C. New York, 1858 

DAVIS, JOHN, Travels in Louisiana and the Floridas, in the year 1802, giving 
a correct picture of these countries, from the French. 12mo, $1.50. 

New York, 1806 

DAVIS, JOHN. An Eulogy on General Qeoi'ge Washington, pronounced at Bos- 
ton on Wednesday, February lOtli, 1800, before the American Academy of Arts 
and Sciences. 4to, pp. 24. Boston, 1800 

DAVIES, JOHN. The History of th(^ Carribby Islands, viz : Barbadoes, St. Chris- 
topher's, St. Vincent's, Martinico, Doininico, Barbouthos, Monserat, Nevis, 
Antego, &c., in all 28, in two books, the first containing the natural, the second 
the moral history of the Islands. Illustrated witli several pi(!ces of sculpture 
representing the most cousideral)le rarefies therein described \\-ith a Carrib- 
bean vocal)ulary. Plates, $5. London, 1666 

DEACON GILES DISTILLERY, The Dreamer, or tlie true history of, and deacon 
Janes Brewery. Reported for the benefit of posterity. Wood-cuts, pam])hlet, 8vo, 
pp. 24, $5. ■ New York, 1846 

DEBATES. Resolutions and other Proceedings of the Convention of the Common- 
wealtli of Massachusetts, convened at Boston on the 9tli of January 1748, and 
continued until the 7th of February following, for the ])urpose of assenting to 
and ratifying the constitution recommended by the Grand Federal Convention, 
together witli the yea's and nay's on the decision of the Grand Question to 
which the Federal constitution is prefixed. 12mo, pp. 219, $2. Boston, 1778 

DEHON, THEODORE, D. D. Semions on the Public Means of Grace, on the 
Fasts and Festivals of the Church, Scripture Characters, and various practical 
subjects. 2d American edition. 3 vols., 8vo, clotli, .$5. New York, 1856 

DE L'ETAT, et du sort des Colonies des Ancens Peuples. Ouvrage dans legue 
on trait du government des anciennes republeques, de leui' drout ])ublie, etc., 
avec des observations sur les colonies des nations moderns etc., la conduit des 
Angloes en America. 8vo, $3.50. Philadeljjhia, 1779 

DEMOCRATIC REVIEW. Edited by Spencer H. Cone, illustrated with 29 por- 
traits, 1856 to 1858, 2 vols, large and thick. 8vo, half bound in dark morocco, 
$5. New York, 1856-58 

DEVEREUX, RACHEL. Poetical Pieces, written on several occasions of unfortu- 
nate and unhappy Facts. To wliicli is added an P^ssay on Masonry, and an 
Address to Spring. Also the Portrait of Masonry composed by brother Deve- 
reux. 8vo, uncut, unbound, pp. 29, $5. New York, 1803 

DEWES, JACOB. The Cireat Future of America and Africa, an Essay showing our 
wliole duty to the black man, consistent with our own safety and glory. 8vo, 
pp. 236, $7.50. Philad('li)h"ia, 1854 

DEXTER, TIMOTHY. A Pickle for the Knowing Ones. Rude full length pr)r- 
trait, 12mo, i)am])hlet, $1.50. Nevvburyport, 1848 

DICKINSON, ANDREW. My First Visit to Europe; or Sketches of Society, 
Scenery, and Anticpiities of England, Wales, Ireland, Scotland aud France. 
Fifth Edition, 12m<., pp. 214, 75ctH. New York, 1856 

DICKINSON, DANIEL S. Speeclies, Correspondtmce, etc., of. Edited with a 
Bioo-rauhv by his brotlier John R. Dickinson. 2 vols., 8vo, cloth, $6. 

" NewYork, 1867 

DICKINSON, JOHN, 'J'lie political writings of, late i)resi(Ii'nt of state of Dela- 
ware, and of the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. 2 V()l8., 8vo. 

Wilmington, 1801 

Dickin^-on was one of the most efficient promoters of the American revolution. His letters 

signed Fat)iiis were written and published to stimulate the public mind, to acquiesce in and 



[20] 

adopt the Federal Constitution. They consequently form an appropriate pendant to the 
Federalist. In his political opinions he was a consistent advocate of a republican form of 
government, and in his religious dogmas and practices, was a disciple of George Fox, and 
Wm. Penn. He was born in Maryland, December, 1732, and died in Philadelphia, February 
15, 1808. 

DICKSON, A. F. Plantation Sermons, or .plain and familiar discourses for the 
instruction of the unlearned. 32mo, pp. 170, fl. Phila., 1856 

DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE (The), on the American Revolution, edited 
by Jared Sparks. 12 vols., 8vo, $24. Boston, 1839 

DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE of the United States Government, or papers 
relating to Foreign Affairs accompanying the Annual Message of the Presi- 
dent,to both Houses of Congress for the year 1864. 4 vols., 8vo. Wash., 1865 

DODD, WILLIAM. Thoughts in Prison ; in five parts, viz : the Imprisonment, 
Retrospect, Public Pmiishment, The Trial, Futurity ; to which are added, his 
Last Prayer, written in the night before his death, and other miscellaneous 
pieces. 8vo, pp. 232. Boston, 1773 

DOUGLAS, STEPHEN ARNOLD. A Voter's Version of the life and character 
of, by Robert B. Warden. 13mo, pp. 131, $1.00. Columbus, 1860 

DOW, JR. Short Patent Sermons. 3 vols., 12mo, paper, $4. New York, 1850 

DOWNING, MAJOR JACK, of Dovvningsville, away Down East in the State of 
Maine, The Life and Writings of, written by himself 2d edition. Wood- 
cuts, 12mo, pp. 360. Boston, 1834 

DOWNING, MAJOR JACK. Letters of. 18mo, pp. 367. New York, 1834 

It is not generally known that two different authors assumed the name of Jack Downing, 
but such is the fact. The one, Seba Smith, the otheraMr. Davies, the formeradown-easter, 
the latter a Knickerbocker. 

DRAKE, CHARLES D. Union and Anti-Slavery Speeches, delivered during the 
Rebellion. 13mo, cloth, $3. Cincinnati, 1864 

DRANE, R. B. Historical Notices of St. James Parish, Wilmington, North Caro- 
lina. 18mo, pp. 36, $1. Phila., 1843 

DUANE, W. J. The Law of Nations, investigated in a popular manner, ad- 
dressed to the Farmers of the U. S. 8vo, pp. 108, no cover, $1. Phila., 1809 

DUCHE, JACOB. Discourses on various Subjects. 3 vols., 8vo, calf, $5. 

London, 1779 

DUFFIELD, JOHN T. The Princeton Pulpit, a collection of sermons preached 
there by eminent divines. 8vo, i^p. 326. New York, 1853 

DUFFIELD, JOHN T. A Discourse delivered at the opening of the Synod of 
New Jersey, in the first Presbyterian church of Elizabeth, N. J., October 16, 
1866, with notes and an appendix. 13mo, pp. 64. Phila., 1866 

DURAND, JAMES R, The Life and Adventures of, during a period of fifteen 
years, from 1801 to 1816, in which time he was impressed on board of the 
British fleet, and held in detestable bondage for more than seven years. 
13mo, pp. 139, $6. Rochester, N. Y., 1820 

DUTCH CHURCH. Magazine of the Reformed Dutch Church for 1837, '28, '29,- 
'30. 4 vols., 8vo, half calf New York, 1827,-30 

DUYCKINCK, EVERT A. National Portrait Gallery of eminent Americans, 
including orators, statesmen, naval and military heroes, jurists, authors, etc., 
etc., from original full length paintings by Alonzo Chappel, with biograph- 
ical and historical narratives. 2 vols., 4to, pp. 492, 470, 119 portraits, $12. 

New York, 1863 

ECCLESIASTICAL LAW, A new phase in, and Presbyterian Church Govern- 
ment, as recently administered in the session of the Madison Square Church, 
and in the Fourth Prcjsbytery of New York, being also an Explanation and 
Appeal to members of said church. 8vo, pp. 62 $1.50. New York, 1863 

EDINBURGH REVIEW, or Critical Journal. 11th edition, from vol. 1, 1802, to 
vol. 55, 1832, with an Index to the first 20 vols., 56 vols. 8vo, half calf, in 
good condition, $56. Edinb., 1821-43 



[21] 

EDUCATION, American Annals of, and Instruction, being a continuation of the 
American Journal of Education, edited by W. C. Woodbridfje. From 1831 
to 1836, both inclusive. 7 vols., 8vo, boards, $14. Boston, 1831-36 

EDWARDS, CHARLES. Feathers from my own Wings, a collection of Essays 
in Prose and Poetry, namely : Tecumseh, Use of Rings, the Widow's Son, tlie 
Indians, and others'. 12m(), pp. 200, $2. New York, 1823 

EDWARDS, JONATHAN, Two Dissertations by ; First, concerning the End for 
w]>.ich (lod created the World. Second, the Nature of True Virtue, 290. Bos- 
ton, ITGo. Thomas Cla^i's Essay on Moral Virtue, and Obligation, ]>]>. GO. N. 
Haven, 1765. Samuel Hopkins' two discourses : on the Necessity of the know 
ledge of the Grace of God. Second, On Being Born Again, pp. 65. Bat., 1768, 
The three bound in one vol., 12mo, $5. v. d. 

ELDER, ^YILT-'IAM. The Genius of Ecclesiastical Freedom, comprising the de- 
claration of Divine Order, made by the first convention of the new church in 
Union Co., Indiana, also an exposition of the order of Divine Order. 12mo, $2. 

Cincinnati, 1843 

ELLIOT, JOHN. The Life of the First Missionary to the Indians in North Ame- 
rica, by Cotton Mather. 18mo, pp. 112. London, 1820 

ELLET, ELIZABETH F. The Women of the American Revolution. 3 vols., 12mo, 
cloth, seven portraits, $6. New York, 1853 

ELLICOTT, ANDREW, The Journal of, for determining the boundary between 
the United States, and the ]Jossessions of his Catholic majesty in America. 
Remarks on the situation, soil, rivers, natural productions and disease's of the 
different countries on the Ohio, Mississippi, and Gulf of Mexico, &c., &c. Maps 
4to, calf $6 Philadelphia, 1803 

ELLIOT, JOHN. The Medical Pocket-Book for those who are and for all who wish 
to be, physicians, containing a short but plain account of the symptoms, 
causes and methods of cure, of the diseases incidents to the human bodv, &c., 
&c. 8vo, pp. 74, |5. Philadelphia, 1784 

ELLIOT, JONATHAN. The American Diplomatic Code, embracing a collection 
of treaties and conventions between tlie United States and foreign powers 
from 1778 to 1834, with an abstract of important judicial decisions, on points 
connected with our foreign relations, also a concise diplomatic manual con- 
taining a summary of the law of nations, from the works of Wic{]uefort, Vattle, 
Martens, Ward, Kent, Stor)', &c., &c., and other diplomatic writings on ques- 
tions of international law. 2 vols.,8vo, $12. Washington, 1834 

ELLIOT, JONATHAN. The Funding System of the United States and of Great 
Britain with some tabular facts of other nations touclung the same suljject, 
])p. xxiv, 12!)!), $5. ^ Washington, 1845 

ELLSWORTH, II. W. Valley of the Upper Wabash, Indiana, witli hints on its 

• agricultural advantages. Phm of a dwelling, estimates of cultivation and 

notices of labor-saving machines. Map, and plates, 12mo, $1.50. N. Y., 1838 

EMIGRATION. Annual Reports of the Commissioners of Emigration of the 
state of New York, from the organization of the; Commission, May 5, 1847 
to 1800 inclusive, with Reports, etc. 8vo, pp. 4!)!), $3. New York, 1861 

EMMONS, NATHANIEL (One of the Old New England Divines). His Works 
collected and edited by Jacob Ide. Portrait, 7 vols., 8vo, sheep, $10. 

Boston, 1842 

EMORY, W. II. Notes of a Military reconnoissance from Fort Leavenworth, in 
Missouri, to San Diego, in California, including jjart of tlie Arkansas, Del 
Norte, and Gila rivers. 61 plates and 5 nuips, 8vo, clotli, pp. (!14, $3. 

Washington, 1848 

EMPORIUM of Arts and Scit^nces, (iditcd by John Redman Cox and Thomas 
Cooper. Numerous mechanical plates and portraits. 4 vols., 8vo, lialf 
bound, in good order, $6. Philadelpliia, 1812, 1H13 

ENGLAND, JOHN (Roman Catholic Bishop of Charieston, S. C.). A Discourse 
preacluid in tlie Hall of the House of Kepresentatives <if the Congress of the 
United States, Jan. 8, 1820. 2d edition, 8vo, ]ip. 50. Charleston, S. C., 1832 



[22] 

ENGLISH, G. B. Five Pebbles from the Brook ; beincr a reply to a defense of 
Cliristianity. Written by Edward Everett, etc. 12mo, boards, $1.25 

Philadelphia, 1824 

EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF NEW YORK. Journals of the Conventions of said 
Diocese, from 1829 to 1856, both inclusive. Bound in 4 vols., 8vo, |20. 

New York, 1829-56 

ESSAYS on Various Subjects of Taste, Morals, and National Policy. By a citizen 
of Virginia. 8vo. $1.50. Georgetown, 1823 

ESSEX INSTITUTE, Proceedings of the, 1848 to 1863. 3 vols., 8vo, half mo- 
rocco, $7.50. Salem, 1856-04 

EUROPEAN Life and Landscape. By an Artist. 8vo, cloth, gilt edges, $2. 

Philadelphia, 1859 

EVERETT, EDWARD. Orations and Speeches on various occasions. 3 vols., 
8vo, cloth, portrait, $8. Boston, 1853-59 

All who have risen to notoriety anions^ their fellow men, have either been overrated or 
underrated. The Boston Demosthenes will find a niche among the former class. 

EVERETT, EDWARD. Eulogy on Thomas Dowse of Cambridgeport, pro- 
nounced before the Massachusetts Historical Society, 9th December, 1858. 
With an introduction by R. C. Winthrop. 8vo, pp. 82, $1.50. Boston, 1859 
EVERGREEN (The). A Repository of Religious, Literary and Entertaining 
Knowledge for Families. Plates, 3 vols., royal 8vo, cloth, $6.00. 

New York, 1850, etc. 
This interesting; periodical gives a short history of a number of the Protestant Episcopal 
Churches of the city of New York, besides elegant engraved views of eight of the principal 
ones, with other engravings. 

EVERSHAW, MARY. Five Years in Pennsylvania. 12mo, cloth, pp. 227, $2. 

Loudon, 1840 

EXHIBITION, 1853. Official Catalogue of the New York Exhibition of the In- 
dustry of all Nations, 1853. Jury. Interleaved with blank paper. 12mo, $1. 

New York, 1853 

EYE (The). (A Periodical) by Obadiah Optic. Vol. 1, 12mo, pp. 316, $2. 

Philadelphia, 1808 

FAIRFIELD, JANE. The Life of Summer Lincoln Fairfield, Esq. 12mo, por- 
trait, $1. New York, 1846 

FELTMAN, WILLIAM, The Journal of Lieut., of the First Pennsylvania Regi- 
ment, 1781-82, including the march into Virginia and the siege of Yorktown. 
8vo, boards, uncut, pp. 48, $2. 

Philadelphia, For the Pennsylvania Historical Society, 1853 

FERRIS, ISAAC. Semi-Centennial Memorial Discourse of the New York Sun- 
day School Union, delivered on the 25th of February, 1866, in the R. D. 
Church, 29th St. and 5th Av. 12mo, pp. 120, $2. New York, i866 

FINDLEY, WILLIAM. Observations on " The Two Sons of Oil," containing a 
Vindication of the American Constitutions, and defending the blessings of 
Religious Liberty and Toleration, against the illiberal strictures of tjie Rev. 
S. B. Wylie. 12mo, pp. 366, $2. Pittsburgh, 1812: 

FISHERIES. Report on the Principal Fisheries of American Seas, by Lorenzo 
Sabine. 8vo, pp. 317, $5. Washington, 1853 

FISHER'S RIVER (North Carolina). Scenes and Characters, by " Skitt," " who 
was raised thar." Illustrated by John M'Lenan. 13mo, pp. 269. 

New York, 1859 

FLINT, TIMOTHY. A Condensed Geography and History of the Western 
States, or the Mississippi Valley. 2 vols., 8vo, half calf, $5. Cincinnati, 1828 

FLORIDA ; Ensayo Cronologico, Para La Historia General De La Florida, desde 
el ano de 1512. Que descubrio la Florida, Juan Ponce de Leon, hasta, el de 
1722. Folio, pp. 422, $5. Madrid, 1723 

FOOTE, W. H. Sketches of Virginia, Historical and BiogTaphical. Second Se- 
ries. 8vo, cloth, $3.50. Philadelphia, 1855 



[23] 

FORESTERS (The), an American Tale ; being a Sequel to John Bidl the Cloth- 
ier. Second edition^ revised and considerably enlarged. 18mo, pp. 240, $5. 

Boston, Printed by Isaiah Thomas, 1796 

FORREST, EDWIN. The Replies from England, etc., to Certain Statements 
circulated in the country respecting Mr. ISIacready. 8vo, pp. 21. 

N ew York, Stringer & Townsend, 1849 

FORSTER, JOHN R. History of the Voyages and Discoveries made in the 
North, translated from the German. Map, Svo, boards, $3. Dublin, 1786 

FORT PILLOW MASSACRE, Report of the Joint Committee on, plates repre- 
senting the doleful Condition of the Emaciated and Dying Pri.soners. 8vo, 
pp. 1(!2, §1.25. ' Washington, 1864 

FOWLER, REGINALD, Hither and Thither ; or Sketches of Travels on both 
sides of the Atlantic. Svo, cloth, f 2. London, 1854 

FOX, GEORGE. A Journal, or Historical Account of the Life, Travels, SufForings, 
Christian Experiences, and Labor of Love in the Work of tlio Ministry. 5th 
edition, 2 vols., 8vo, sheep, $4. Philadclpliia, 1808 

FOX, GEORGE, Journal of, being an Historical Account of the Life, Travels, 
Sufferings, Cliristian Experiences, and Labor of Love in the Work of the 
Ministry, of that eminent and faithful servant of Jesus Christ, who departed 
this life, Nov. 13, 1690. 7th edition, with notes, etc., by W. Armistead. 
2 vols., 12mo, cloth, $4. London, 1853 

FRANCIS, JOHN W. Old New York , or Reminiscences of the past sixty years. 
Being an enlarged and revised edition of the Anniversary Discoiirse delivered 
before the N. Y. Historical Society, 1857. 12mo, pp. 384, $2. New York, 1858 

FRANCIS, S. W. Biograi)hical Sketches of seventeen distinguished living New 
York Surgeons. Portrait of Dr. Valentine Mott. 12mo, cloth, $1.25. 

New York, 1866 

FRANCIS, VALENTINE M. A Treatise on Hospital Hygiene, for the degree of 
Doctor of Medicine in the Universitv of New York. Portraits of Dr. V. Mott, 
J. W. Francis, and J. W. Francis, Jr. 8vo, cloth, $1.50. New York, 1859 

FRANKLIN, B. M. T. Cicero's Cato Major, or Discourse on Old Age. Addressed 
to Titus Pomponius Atticus, with explanatory notes. Portrait of Dr. Frank- 
lin. 8vo, half calf, $3. London, 1778 

FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN, Works of, containing several Political and Historical 
Tracts, not included in any fonner edition, and many letters, official and ])ri- 
vate, not liithertti published. With notes and a Life of the Author, by Jared 
Si)arks. Portrait, 10 vols., Svo, cloth, $20. Boston, 1860 

FREE ENQUIRER, The. Second Series, edited bv Francis Wright, Robert Dale 
Owen, and Robert L. Jennings. From Oct. 29] 1828 to Oct. 20. 1832. 4 vols., 
bound in 2, 4to, $8. New York, 1829-32 

FREEMAN, SAMUEL. The Emigrant's Hand Book, and Guide to Wisconsin, 
comjmsing information respecting Agricultural and Manufacturing Emi)loy- 
ment, wages, climate, etc., Sketch of Milwaukee, its rise and progress, etc., 
etc. Svo, $1.50. Milwaukee, 1851 

FULTON, ROBERT. A Treatise on the Improvement of Canal Navigation ; 
Exhibiting the numerous advantages to be derived from Suuill Canals, with 
a description of the machinf-ry for facilitating conveyance l)y water tlirough the 
most mountainous countries, inde])endent of Locks and A(|ue(lucts. With 
thoughts on, and designs for, Afjueducts and Bridgesof Iron and AVood. Illus- 
trated ^vith 17 i)lates. 4to, portrait, jip. 160, $25. London, 1796 

FULTON, ROBERT, The; Life of, bv his friend, C. Colden. Portrait, Svo, 
calf, $3. ■ ' New York, 1817 

FURM.\N, (JARIUT. The Maspetli Poems : (otherwise Long Island). Portrait 
and six fine steel engravings. Miniature 4to, pp. 128, fine cli-an cojiy, $5.75. 

N.>w York, 1837 

FURMAN, WOOD. History of the ( 'harleston Association of Baptist Churches in 
the state of South Carolina, with an ajipendix, &c. 12mo, $1.50. 

Charleston, ISl 1 



[ 24 J 

FUTURE, Anticipations of the, to serve as lessons for the present time, in the 
form of Extracts of Letters from an English Resident in the United States to the 
London Times, from 1864 to 1870, with an appendix, on the causes and conse- 
quences of the independence of the South. 13mo, cloth, pp. 425, $2. 

Richmond, Va., 1860 
GALLAHER, JAMES. The Western Sketch-Book. 12mo, pp. 408, $2. 

Boston, 1850 

GALLATIN, ALBERT. Considerations on the Currency and Banking System of 

the United States. Svo, pp. 108, $1. Philadelphia, 1831 

GALLATIN, ALBERT. A Sketch of the Finances of the United States, pp. 202, 
New York, 1790. Also Report of the Secretary of the Treasury, 1785, Gen. 
Hamilton. In 1 vol., 8vo, $5. New York, and Washing-ton, 1795 

GALLATIN, ALBERT. A skejtch of the Finances of the United States. Svo, pp. 

205, $2. New York, 1796 

GANG, JOHN. Biographical Memoir of, Frankford Kentucky formerly of the city 

of New York. 12mo, pp. 151. New York, 1806 

GARDEN OF THE SOUL, or Manual of Spiritual Exercise and Instruction 
(Roman Catholic). 18mo, Matthew Carey, 118 Market Street, April 23d, $2. 

Philadelphia, 1792 
Curious as well as interesting as being one of Carey's early publications. 

GARDENER'S CALENDAR, (The), for North Carolina, South Carolina, and 
Georgia, by Robert Squibb, with amendments and additions. 12mo, pp. 170, 
$1.50. Charlestown, 1809 

GAURARD, LEWIS H. Chambersburg in the Colony and the Revolution. A 
Sketch. 8vo, cloth, |2. Phila., 1856 

GATES, T. K. A Measuring Reed, to separate between the precious and the 
vile. In two parts. 18mo, $2. Phila., 1815 

GENIUS OF UNIVERSAL EMANCIPATION. A Monthly Periodical, Work 
containing Original Essays, Documents and Facts relative to the subject of 
African Slavery, edited by Benjamin Lundy, portrait of Elisha Tyson. Svo, 
pp. about 500, $2. Baltimore, 1830-31 

GEOLOGICAL REPORTS, MEXICO. Reports of the Mexican Pacific Coal and 
Iron Mining Company's Exploring Expedition to the States of Guerrero and 
Michoacan, Republic of Mexico, 1856-7. Twelve maps. Svo, pp. 171. Pri- 
vately printed, $10. New York, 1858 

GEOLOGY. Railroad to the Pacific, Northern Route. Its general character, rela- 
tive merits, by Edwin E. Johnson. Second edition, Svo, pp. 176, map and 
plate, $5. New York, 1854 

GEOLOGY. Report of a Geological Exploration of part of Iowa, Wisconsin and 
Illinois, by David Dale Owen. Many maps and geological plates. Svo, jip. 
161, |3., unbound. Wash., 1840 

GEOLOGY. The American Mining Gazette and Geological Magazine, 7 Nos., 
1854-5-6, $2.50. New York, 1864 

GEOLOGY. Report of the Geology of the State of Connecticut, by James G. Per- 
cival. Map, Svo, pp. 495, $6. New Haven, 1842 

GEOLOGY. Cannelton, Perry County, Ind., at the intersection of the Eastern 
Margin of the Illinois Coal Basin, by the Ohio River ; its natural advantages 
as a site for manufactiu-iug. Svo, pp. 108. Louis\ille, 1850 

GEOLOGY. Mineral Resources of the States and Territories, west of the Rocky 
Mountains, by J. Ross Brown. Svo, pp. 646, $5. Washington, 1868 

GEOLOGY. Report of the Geology and Topography of a portion of the Lake 
Superior Land District in the State of Michigan, by J. W. Foster and J. D. 
Whitney. 3 vols., Svo, one ah Atlas mth several maps and plates, $10.50. 

Wash., 1850-51 

GEOLOGY. Report upon the Mineral Resources of the States and Territories 
west of the Rocky Mountains. Svo, pp. 321, $4. Washington, 1867 



[ 25 ] 

GIBBS, GEORGE. Memoirs of the Administration of Washington and John 
Adams, edited from the papers of Oliver Woolcott. 2 vols., 8vo, pp. 5G3, 590, 
portrait, $5. New York, 1840 

GIFFORD, WILLIAM. The Baviad and Maviad, a Political Satire with epistle 
to Peter Pinder and the proceedino-s of the trial of R. Faulder, bookseller, for 
sellino: the Baviad for publishino; a libel on John Williams Alie. Anthony 
Pasiiune Cobbett wrote the American preface. 2 vols., 12mo, half calf $5. 

New York, 1800 

GILLESS, J. M. Astronomical Observations made at Washington, under direc- 
tions of the Secretary of the Navy. 8vo, unbound, uncut, $2. Wash., 1845 

GIRARD COLLEGE, and its Founder, containing the biography of Mr. (Jirard, his- 
torv of the institution, its organization, &c., &c., and the will of Mr Girard, by 
H.'W. Ai-ey. 12mo, portrait and plate. $1.50. Philadelphia, 1865 

GIRARD, STEPHEN, the Will of the late, procured from the office for the probate 
of wills, with a short biography of his life. 8vo, pp. 36, $1. Philadelphia, 1832 

GISBORNE, LIONEL. The Isthmus of Darien in 1852. Journal of the Expedi- 
of Inquirv for the Junction of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. With 4 Maps, 
12mo. pp. 238. New York, 1853 

GOBRIGHT, J. C. The New York Sketch Book, and Merchant's G aide, being a re- 
liable directory for visiting merchants, &c., trade, manufacture and the me- 
chanic arts. 12mo, pr. cover, $1.50. New York, 1858 

GODMAN, JOHN D. American Natural History, many fine plates. 3 vols., 8vo, 
boards uncut, $6. Philadelphia, 1826 

GORDON, WILLIAM. The History of the Rise, Progress and Establishment of the 
Independence of the United States of America. Third American edition, 3 vols., 
8vo, sheep, $6. New York, 1801 

GORDON. A poor (■o])y, not uniform. 3 vols., 8vo, $3.50. New York, 1801 

Gordon's liistorv liastlir ii|)iitiition of being the best and most authentic history of the 
stnigyle for American TiideiKMidonce. 

GOSPEL (The), of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, according to Saint Matthew, 
translated into the Mohawk language by A. Hill and continued by J. N. 
Wilkes, Jr., Grand river. Upper Canada, (English and Mohawk)^ 12mo, pp. 197, 

New York, 1831 

GOTHAM AND THE GOTHAMITES. A medely ; a poetical satire on the leading 
characters of New York, written by Mr. Judah, 18mo, pp. 93. N. Y., 1823 

For an account of the author see introduction to the prices of John Allan collection. Ilia 
copy sold for $5. 

GOULD, JOHN W. Private Journal of a Voyage from New York to Rio de Ja 
neiro, together with a brief sketch of his life and his occasional writings 
Privately printed. Sv^o, ])p. 207, map, $5. New York, 1839 

GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES. An Exposition of the Weak 
ness and Inefficiency of the Government of the United States of North Ame- 
rica. 12mo, ])]). 380. Privately ])rinted lor the Author, $5. Sine loco, 1884 
This book, like the notorious letter of Junius, on the Whole Duty of Man, or any other 
anonymous work which has risen into reputation, the authorship of this hook has been at- 
tributed to Ici^ions, amon<; them, a Mr. Mercer of Virginia, Chancellor Bebb of Kentucky, 
John (iuincv .\dams. &c., &c. llnrc book. It was reproduced in London during the war 
of the Kebelliou to aid the secession cause. 

QRAFFIGNY. Letter of a P(Tuvian Princess, translated from the French, witli 
the Sequel taken from a Si)anisli Manuscript. New edition, French and Eng- 
lish. 2 vols., 8vo, ])()rtrait and plates, $2.50. Paris, 1807 

GRAHAM, REV. DAVID. Tiie Pioneer, consisting of Essays, Literary, Moral, 
and Theological. 8vo, pp. 301. " Pittsburg, 1812 

GRAY, ASA. Botany. Plianerogamia, U. S., Exploring Expedition. 4to, with 
a Folio Atlas of 100 iilates. 2 vols., half moroc<;o, $60. New York, 1854 

GRAY, BARRY AND JOHN SAVA(jiE. Ale, in Prose and Verse, with numerous 
Illustrations, jjrivately printt^d. Royal 8vo, ]>]>. 97. New York, 186(5 

GREELEY, HORACE. History of the Struggle; for Slavery Extension or Re- 
striction in the United States, from the Declaration of Independence to the 
present day, etc., etc. 8vo, cloth, $1.50. New York, 1850 

4 



[20] 

GREEN, J-. H. Twelve Days in the Tombs ; or, A Sketch of the Last Eiffht 
Years of the Reformed Gambler's Life. 13mo, pp. 240, $2. New York, 1850 

GREEN HAND'S First Cruise (A). Roughed out from the log-book of memory 
of 25 years standing, with Residence of five months in Dartmoor, bv A. 
Younker. 3 vols., 13mo, cloth, $2.50. Boston, 1841 

GREEN _ MOUNTAIN SPRING. Devoted to Discussions and Infonnation con- 
cerning the po])ular and medical use of Water ; to a report of Water-cure 
treatment ; to the nurture and education of children ; to Diet and Health. 
Roj-al 8vo, pp. 500, $3. Brattleboro, Vt., 1846 

GREENE, ALBERT G., Catalogue of the Private Library of. Sold in the city 
of New York, by auction, March 29th, and the following days. 8vo, pp. 521, 
unbound, uncut, $2. New York, 1869 

The peculiarities of this collection were three-fold. First, it embraced an unparalleled 
assemblage of pamphlets chiefly relating to America, touching upon innumerable topics. 
Second, tlie vast mass of volumes, the production of American poets and rhymsters, was 
doubtless unique, taking up not less than eighteen hundred and fifteen numbers in the cata- 
logue, in all about three thousand volumes of poetry. Who could have supposed that 
America could have produced so much poetry during her short existence? Third, the 
prodigious congregation of dirty second hand hymn books, which seemed rather surprising 
that such a collector of surroundings should have fancied to fill his shelves with such worth- 
less literature. A collection of all and every hymn book is a very proper and appropriate 
adjunct to every public library, but to put "them into a private collection is like choking 
an elegantly furnished parlor with a quantity of broken and dilapidated furniture, filling 
up space, and so obscuring the useful and ornamental pieces. The catalogue is elaborately, 
but not judiciously made out. Many books are annouuced as scarce, with an expensive 
note appended, while the contrary is the fact, every dealer and collector knowing it to be 
so. Many are catalogued in expensive style which did not briug more than five cents, leav- 
ing the owner minus three hundred per cent. In the collection not less than one thousand, 
or perhaps fifteen hundred, ought to have been sold in lots of from twenty to fifty each. 
Mr. Joseph Sabin should have been the compiler. His wonderful knowledge of books, 
their various editions, whether rare or plentiful, here or elsewhere, their market value, and 
divers other peculiarities render him eminently fitted for such an undertaking. The exe- 
cutors would have saved money by having engaged his services. The catalogue will always 
possess an interest to American collectors, more especially on account of the three features 
heretofore mentioned. The sum total realized for the library was about .$8,000. Had the 
judge been a more liberal buyer, his books to-day would many of them have realized ten 
times the cost. He seemed to think a rise in the price of any book was preposterous ; and 
such a conviction prevented him from making many valuable acquisitions. If I remember 
aright, I once ofl:ercd him Proud's History of Pennsylvania, 2 vols., 8vo, boards, uncut, for 
$.3. He declined to purchase it on account of the price being too high. Such a copy of 
that book at his sale would have brought $20. or perhaps more. I sold Judge Furman 
many books which brought at the sale of his library five, six, and seven times the price he 
paid for them. For example, Smith's History of New Jerseij, $2, sold for $.30. Denton's 
New York, $5, sold for $.35. Simple Cobler of Aggawam, original edition, $8, sold for $45 ; 
and many others sold at equally advanced prices. Respecting the prices realized, they were 
very erratic. Early American literature and trifles sold at very high prices. Backus'' His- 
tory of New England, .3 vols., 8vo, sold for $75. Dring's Account of the Jersey Prison Ships, 
a small volume, not bigger than Webster's Spelling Book, $23. Wehnes'' Life of Washington, 
a pamphlet, $3, while Oen. McGlellan's Report on European Military Affairs, a quarto 
volume, with expensive diagrams, sold for twelve and a half cents. A Mr'. Miller's (a Scot- 
tish divine). Works, ti vols., 12mo, well bound, for seventy-five cents, etc., etc. The stand- 
ard literature sold at rather moderate figures, perhaps not more than one-half the original 
cost, while the indift'erent portion brought the veriest dregs of prices. The attendance 
during the sale was but slim, never rising over twenty-five, and sometimes not half that 
number. Such a sale thirty years ago would have called the whole of the book hunters in 
the city, such as was the case during the sale of Dr. John M. Mason's library. The room 
on that occasion was nightly thronged to excess by the best men of New York. His col- 
lection cost him twenty thousand dollars and realized but eight thousand. A pretty round 
figure to pay for the use of books. It is perhaps not gencraHy known that Judge Greene 
was the author of that famous American ballad, entitled Old Grimes is Bead that Good Old 
Man Western Memorabilia. 

GREENHOW, ROBERT. Memoir, Historical and Political, on the Northwest 
Coast of North America, and the adjacent Territories ; Illustrated by a map 
and a geographical view of those countries. 8vo, pp. 338, $2.50. 

Washington, 1840 

GREENLEAF, MOSES. A Survey of the State of Maine, in reference to its 
Geographical Features, Statistics and Political Economy, illustrated with 
maps. 8vo, pp. 468 and a folio vol. of maps, $6.00. Portland, 1829 

GREW, HENRY. Examination of the Divine Testimony concerning the Charac- 
ter of the Son of God. 12mo, $1. Hartford, 1834 

GRIFFITH, WILLIAM. Historical Notes of the American Colonies and Revolu- 
tion, from 1754 to 1775. 8vo, pp. 300, $3. Burlington, N. J., 1843 



[27] 

GRIM, CHARLES FREDERIC. An Essay towards an Improved Register of 
Deeds, Citv and County of New York, to December 31, 1799, inclusive. 8vo, 
pp. 371, |25. ' ISew Yoriv, 1832 

GUEXEBAULT, J. H. Natural History of the Negro Race. Extracted from 
the French. 12mo, pp. 176, $3. Charlestowu, S. C, 1837 

(xUNEY, WILLIAM. The History of Episcopacy, in four parts, from its rise to 
the i)resent day. 12mo, pp. 391. Sine loco, sine anno 

(iUNX, THOMAS B. Physiology of New York Boarding-houses, very grotesque 
Illustrations on Wood. 12mo, cloth, $3. New York, 1857 

HACtEX, JOHN C. Footprints of Truth, or Voice of Humanity, with illustrations 
by F. A. Chapman, J Crunch, and W. Walcutt. Engraved on ste(d by J. C. 
McRae. 8vo, cloth, binding loose, $5. X^ew York, 1853 

HAKLUYT SOCIETY. Select Letters of Christoplier Columbus, with other Ori- 
ginal Documents relating to his Voyages to the New World. 8vo, p]). 311, 
^5. London, 1847 

HAKLUYT SOCIETY. Memorials of the Empire of Japan, in the XVlth and 
XVlIth centuries. Map and Two fac simile Letters. 8vo, pp. 224, $3. 

London, 1850 

HAKLUYT SOCIETY. Notes upon Russia; being a translation of the earliest 
account of that country, entitled Rerum Moscoviticarum Commentarii by Ba- 
ron S. Von Herberstein. Translated with Notes and an Introduction by R. 
H. Major. 2 vols., 8vo, cloth, portraits and ma]is, $5. London, 1851 

HAKLUYT SOCIETY. A True Description of Three Voyages by the Northeast 
towards Cathay and China, by G. De Veer, translated from the Dutch, ma])8 
and i)latcs, 8vo, ])p. 433, .f3.50. Loudon, 1853 

HAKLUYT SOCIETY. Middleton, Sir Henry. Voyage to Raritau and the Ma- 
luco Islands. From the edition of IGOG. Plates and map, 8vo, pp. 154, $2.50. 

London, 1856 

HAKLUYT SOCIETY. Early Voyages to Terra Australia, now called Australia, 
Edited, with an Introduction by, R. H. Major. Maps, 8vo, pp. 319, $3. 

London, 1859 

HAKLUYT SOCIETY. Narrative of a Voyage to the West Indies and Mexico, 
in the years 1509, and 1602, %vith mai)s and illustrations, by Samuel Cliam- 
plain. * Translated by A. Wilmer. 8vo, pp. 148, $4. London, 1859 

HALE, CAPT. NATHAN, Life of, the Martvr-Spy of the American Revolution. 
By J. W. Stuart, with illustrations. 12mo, pp. 283, $3. Hartford, 1856 

HALE. MRS. SARAH J. Sketches of American Character. 18mo, pp. 287, $1. 

Phila.. 1843 

HALE, WILLIAM. A New Analysis of Chronology, in which an attemjit is 
made to explain the History and Antiquities of the Primitive Nations of the 
World, and tin; Prophecies relating to them, on Principles tending to remove 
the impression and discordance of preceding system. 4 vols. 4to, $12, binding 
l)roke. London, 1811 

IIALLECK, FITZ-GREEXE. The Croakers, by Joseph Rodman Drak(! and Fitz- 
Green(^ Ilallock, first complete edition, with copious notes. Royal 8vo, ])\t. 191. 
Portraits of the; autliors. New York, 1860 

This forms the Second Volume of the Bradford Chib Publications. 

IIALLECK, FITZ-GREEXE. Catalogue of the Library of, sold bv auction, Oct. 
13th, 1868. 8v(), jjp. 26, autograjjli inserted, $1. New York, 1868 

IIALLECK, FITZ-GREFXE, Fanny, a Pix-m. 2d (Hlition,8v(), pi).67. N. Y., 1821 

HALLKCK, FITZ(iilEEXE, Poetical Works of, now first collected, illustrated 
with stiM;l engravings, from Drawings by AnuTican artists. 8v(), ])p. 3S0. 

New York, 1850 

IIALLECK, FITZ-GREEXE. Young America, a Poem. 12mo, pp. 49. N. Y., 1865 

IIALLECK, FITZ-GREEXE. Fanny, a Poem. Original Edition. Hvo, pp. 49. 

New York, 1S19 
KITZ-fJUKKNI'; IIALLKCK. Was l)oni in Cnilford, in the state ofC-'onniTli.-ul, in Ihr year 
17SS, and died at the same place Nov. l!l, 1H()7, aired 7!i years. In early lift' lie Ix'caine 
known as a niiet in connection with a vouni,' and beli>v<'d conlemiiorary. Dr. .losepli Hod- 
man Drake, long since pasaed away. I'hey ioinlly eontrihiUed to llie 1<)vening l'o»t, IHI'J, a 



[28] 

series of satirical poems, chiefly aiming at city characters under the name of Croaker & 
Co. These delicate satires became very popular, and were even republished in all the lead- 
ing journals throughout the country, besides they were reprinted at the time in pamphlet form 
surreptitiously. Subsequently, Mr. Halleck became uneasy about the reappearance of these 
pieces which had proved quite oifensive to some of the sensitive citizens, and as amends did 
all he could to suppress them, for he himself concluded that they were too severe upon 
divers worthy neighbors, whom he held in the highest estimation. 

About the year 1835, or perhaps 1836, an enthusiastic yomig quaker, Mr. J. Hopper, a great 
admirer of Mr. Halleck's poetry, especially his satires (son of the famous abolitionist Isaac 
T. Hopper, the man who was a fac-simile of Napoleon) conceived the idea of exhuming, col- 
lecting and so draw from their hiding places the much talked of and much coveted fragments, 
and accompany them with notes, historical, biographical, and anecdotal, and in this new dress 
present them to the public, whom he was confident, was very ready to receive them. Mr. 
Halleck learned with horror the intentions of this young friend, and immediately repaired to 
him and in the most earnest manner implored that he would desist from reviving what he 
had taken no unusual pains to make forgotten and consign to oblivion. '■ If these ofiensive 
trifles should again reappear they wouUrhurt the feelings of such as I count among my dear- 
est friends." Mr. Hopper was too much the man ot feeling to persist in doing what would 
give pain to others, and so the scheme fell through. Mr. E. B. Coi-wiu, into whose hands 
the collection fell fifteen years later, had iuteuded'to carry out Mr. Hopper's plan, but some 
how or other his scheme also fell through. In IbfiO the Bradford Club did what neither of 
the former parties seemed able to accomplish: they published this collection of poems iu 
very handsome style, appending a youthful portrait of Drake and an aged one of Halleck. 
This volume forms No. 2 of the Club's publications. The author acquiesced in this issue 
inasmuch as the reasons which were iu force at the time when they first were announced 
had now become abrogated. 

On a certain occasion (Sunday), I was passing a Roman Catholic church in the city of 
New York ; seein" the doors open and throngs ot people pressing in, I stepped inside to see 
what I could see, near what I could hear, and learn what I could learn, I had not well got 
inside till I beheld Pitz-Greene Halleck standing uncovered with reverential attitude among 
the crowd of unshorn and unwashed worshipers which can always be seen on Sundays 
kneeling and standing both inside and out of these houses of worship in irregular confusion 
with little or no respect paid to them by the functionaries of the church or those who are 
wealthy enough to pay for comfortable pews. I remained till I saw him leave. In doing so 
he made a courteous bow as is the polite custom by the humblest of these people on taliing 
their departure. I immediately followed and on coming up took the liberty to ask him if 
he was a member of this church. In reply he said "I am not, but my predelictions are decid- 
edly in theirfavor in preference to any other denomination." "I presume you are a member 
of this church or one of the same." I replied in the negative. " I had supposed," said he, 
" thatall Irishmen were Roman Catholics." I said that " there was a two-fold mistake in this 
assumption, for in the first place all Irishmen are not Roman Catholics no more than all 
Scotchmen are Calvinists, nor all Americans Yankees, nor all Turks Mahometans, nor all Afri- 
cans Negroes, and in the second pluco I am not a native of the Green Isle." " I have always 
supposed you to be such," said he, " where then do you hail from ?" I said, " from that land 
that he had aided iu rendering still more celebrated by one of his noblest eflusions." '■ Scot- 
land," exclaimed he, "bonny Scotland?" "That," said I, "is the land of my nativity." 
"But," contipued I, "we derive neither glory nor shame from the place of our birth. It 
is an event of our life over which we have no control." " That," said he, " is very true." 

How he came to have any predelictions for the Roman Catholic church I never could ex- 
actly learn, but L'uessed. This aitinity was the more remarkable, inasmuch as he was de- 
scended from one of the sternest of puritan ancestors, John Eliot, the famous apostle of 
the North American Indians and translator of the Bible into their language, as well as the 
author of a grammar of the same. And further I have understood that he took pleasure in 
letting it beknown that he was so descended. 

I have uudcrstocid that he was never married although he did not escape the cares, the 
pleasure and pains ol being a parent. It is note-worthy that his only child died one week 
after he did, leaving a family to deplore the loss. 

On the subject of compliments paid him for poetical talent, he said, " they were generally 
made by those who were ignorant, or who had a desire to please or flatter, or perhaps t? 
combiuafion of all ; they were a sad penalty which every one had to pay who thrust them- 
selves \\\Mn iHiblic notice. As a general thing they are devoid of sincerity, and rathtr ofien- 
sive tlian pKiising. The practice brings to my mind the condition of one who has had the 
misfortune t(i have lost a limb, or an eye. When he meets with old acquaintances they 
immediately coninuuce condoling with him and discussing the nature of his loss, and not 
unfrequcntly demanding a history of the whole catastrophe, and thus by the kindness of 
his friends he suffers a'double punishment by being constantly brought in mind of his di- 
lapidated condition. In like manner does an author sufl'er. But,'' continued he," all who 
desire the ear of the public, must pay a penalty more or less, there is no sweet without a 
bitter, no excessive joy but some sorrow, the day of adversity is set over against the day of 
prosperity, but," added he, " there is no general rule without exception, and in my l)aglull of 
compliments I cherish one which comes under that rule, and reflecting upon it aflords me 
real pleasure as it did then. 

" On a warm day in summer a young man came into the ofHce, with a countenance glowing 
with ardor, innocence and honesty, and his eyes beaming with enthusiasm Said he, 'Is 
Mr. Halleck to be found here,' I answered in the affirmative. Continued he with evidently 
increased emotion, ' could I see him '?' ' you see him now,' I replied. He grasped me by the 
hand with a hearty vigorousness that added to my conviction of his sincerity. Said he, 'I 
am hap|)y, most hajjpy, in having liad the pleasiu'eat last of seeing one whose poems have 
atibrded me no ordinary gratitication and delight. I have wished, I have longed, I have 
sighed to see you. and Ihave dreamt that I have seen you, but now I behold you with mine 
own eyes. God bless you forever and ever. I have come eleven hundred miles all the way 
from the banks of the Miami in Ohio mainly for that purpose, and I have been compensated 
for my pains.' " 



[29] 



It was for this reason that he disliked parties where the company was large and promis- 
cuous. Said he, "A man who acquires notoriety becomes a tari;cl in all such i^'atheringB, 
and without he is possessed of an amount of vanity which renders him ridiculous, fnls un- 
easy at beiuj,' conscious that he is a special object of attention, and ,'ilso of conversation." 

lie told me that he had been solicited to write a life of his early and belovi'd friend Brake, 
"but"' said he, '" I did not see well howl could u'ranl such a leiiuest, I bad no lever for my ful- 
crum." What could I say about one who had studieil pharmacy, dissection, written a few 
poems, and then left the scene of action forever; I had uo material, and a mere meaningless 
eulogy would have been out of the question." 

In personal appearance he was rather below the medium height, well built; in walking 
had a rather slow and shuffling gait as if something affected his feet, a tlornl. bland and 
pleasant countenance, a bright gray eye, remarkably pleasant and courteous in conversation, 
and as a verv natural consequence inuch beloved by all who had the [ileasure of his ac- 
(piaintance ; hut to brilliancy in conversation which some of his admirers have been pleased 
to attribute to him. in my opinion they could lay no claim. 

His name and writings will go down to -posterity through a biography, or biographical 
dictionaries, but what will make it endure will be the out|)ourings of his own genius, which 
will be published and republished, and read by th()usan<ls yet unl)orn inhabiting what is 
now a desert and a howling wilderness. •'! have erected for myself a monument more last- 
ing than marble or brass, which not the wasting north wind nor even time itself will be 
able to destroy." The epitajih which he ])repared for liis youthful friend and companion 
is as appliciible to him as it was to that gifted poet. 

Green be the turf above thee, 

Friend of my better days ! 
None knew thee but to love thee, 
Nor named thee but to praise. 

Poor unfortunate Mac Donald Clarke was an ardent admirer of Ilalleck. He said he 
would give more for a shake of his hand accompanied with a kind word, than he woidd 
for a gold snutl"-box set with diamonds from an emperor. T asked him if he could inform 
me who was the author of the poem entitled Fanny Continued, being a continuation and 
imitation of his princijial j)oem of that name. He answered me in the negative. I sug- 
gested that it might have been Classou. Said he, "Classon was a man of genius and such 
seldom attempt to imitate others, especially their inferiors, besides it would be too small a 
game for him to follow." I remarked that his continuation of Don Juan was in direct con- 
tradiction to his statement. Said he, *' But here is a rare exception. Byron was a "iant and 
one of the greatest magnitude, and therefore none could have thought it beneatli him to 
att<'mpt imitating this great ])oet." 

His opinion respecting the dnrability of the form of government which the people of the 
United States have chosen to adopt, was by no means favorable, it was in accordance with 
that of the great majority of the educated and thinking men of the country, that it would be 
of short duration; to use a similitude, it would prove to be like Jonah's gourd which grew 
up in a night and perished in a day. " We have been boasting of our greatness and ability, 
and steadily following up that practice, through our newsjiapers, out political harangues, 
our statesmen and would-be statesman, our parsons, our poets irhymsters) and feeble histo- 
rians, of our immense virtue and gigantic intellect, superior acquirements and undoubted 
ability to he governed and well governed by the people, the dear people, till the sober 
minded and tiiiidiing portion of the community are become sick and disgusting with these 
untruthful rhapsodies. For my part I have never been able to discover tlu^se grand sights 
and qualities in the American peo])le. and therefore look upon all these frothy declamations 
as giving tokens of an early national death. We are a nation of loud boasters and wide 
mouthed gasconades evidently conscious that we are not what we pretend to be. A giant 
never boasts of his strength, a contiuering general of his skill and valor, nor a handsome 
woman of her beauty. It is those who are conscious that they are defective who make such 
pretences. Go iutoBroadway, st(>p the first hundred full grown men who come along and 
ask each one to define what kind of government we live under, how it was formed, by whom, 
when and where, and how it dilfers from the governments of Great Britain, France and 
Kussia. What number out of this hundred could make a satisfactory answer to the fore- 
going simple questions. I will venture to say that fitteeii \wr cent woidd cover the number, 
and that may be even too liberal. A full grown nation to be governed by a pure democracy, 
two-thirds of her citizens would require to be [diilo'-ophers, unainbitioiis of jiluce and 
jiower and above all to be completely divested of cupidity. As human nature is now con- 
stituted we must despair of ever seeing such a state of feeling among the ))eople of any 
nation.'' Said he, "If we may believe but one-half of what is written, published, and said 
respecting the character, reputation, and conduct of our c:lected officials, from the constable 
ancl upwards, who are intrusted witli and designed to carry on the governments, national, 
state and municipal, we are forced to the cmiclusion that a great majority of them are 
wholly venal, and an honorable and faithliil iierformance of (heir duties, or a" love for their 
country, or affection for tlu^ governuKMit which |)rotects them, has neither part nor lot in 
their aftectioiis or creed. Boides, w hat adds dee|)er darkness to this gloomy picture, when 
delinquents are discovered they are seldom or never punished ; and further, a criminal when 
called before our courts of justice, no matt(!r how heinous the crime may be, if he has poli- 
tical or moneyed intluence, lie is certain to escape iiunishmeiit.* Still, there are men who 
have been and are in power, and I take great pleasure in believing it to he so, that are both 
good, worthy and honorable, who have never defiled their garments by any kind of mal- 



* Note. The result of the two late trials at Albany and Uichmond, the one for the murder 
of Mr. Iliscock, the other for that of Mr. Bollard, and the judicial interposition of ii Nc^w 
York city judge in the case; of a notorious malefactor who was condemned to siilfer the 
death penally for a crime which deserved a four-fold i)unishnienl, are espei-ial I'xamples 
corroborative of this slate, or coming stat(! of things. It ought to be reuienibered thai no 
woman's virtue is worth a man's life. Virtue may be repaired, but life never can be restored. 



[30] 



practice or debasing act, but alas ! alas ! they are in a sad minority, and so have to take 
back seats." 

His library was sold by auction in the city of New York on the evening of October 12th, 
1868. If the collection disposed of on that occasion was really his library in full, it must be 
confessed it was a sorry affair and meager in the extreme, so that but little credit, or rather 
none at all could be awarded him for having collected a library. The collection had the ap- 
pearance of a heap of indifferent books bought indiscriminately, by some lounger about an 
auction room who liad picked up a book now and then because it was cheap, without the 
least design of forming anything like a library touching one or more subjects. Notwith- 
standing all this I apprehend Mr. Halleck was by no means singular among his fellow craft, 
the poets, as having made an indifferent collection of books. McDonald Clarke had no books 
at all, and frequently declared he would have none, for said he, " the pouring over other 
men's productions would emasculate my native genius, and so destroy my originality." 
Woodworth, the little stout man with dark squint eyes, and poet of the " moss covered bucket 
notoriety, had a very poor collection of books which could hardly be called a library. Poe 
the most original of all the American poets, had a library made up of newspapers, magazines 
bound and unbound, with what books had been presented to him from time to time by authors 
anil [Mililisliers. He had no very high opinion of the modern generators of books, especially 
those so employed around him, and hence many of these gifts found an early transfer into 
the possession of some second-hand dealer at wonderfully reduced prices. Burns' library 
consisted of a few odd volumes of the Spectator, a broken copy of Pope's works. The Travels 
of Anacharsis in Greece, Five Hundred Years before Christ, a French and English Grammar, 
Ferguson and Davy Siller's Poems, and a copy of the Bible. Sir Walter Scott had an indif- 
ferent collection of books, and principally in poor binding. It was reported that he had not 
even a complete set of his own writings. Southey had a large mass of indifferent books, 
and, as a general thing, bound in spotted or striped calico by the hands of one of his daugh- 
ters. Wordsworth, his neighbor, the cold, impenetrable and inscrutable poet, had but lew 
books, and chiefly such as had no reputation. Samuel Parr, the celebrated linguist, amassed 
a great assemblage of worthless books chiefly in foreign languages, but more particularly 
Greek and Latin, and bound in every objectionable style. After his death they were scat- 
tered to the winds by auction process, and as a general thing sold for less than the price of 
waste paper. Some of his books to this day can oe seen floating about in the auction rooms, 
and on the shelves of dealers in old books in the large cities of the United States. Every 
book is adorned with his rude book plate and ruder autograph. It is not known whether 
the greatest of all the Jewish monarchs, King Solomon, the philosopher, the theologian, the 
poet, the legislator, the warrior, the architect, the botanist, and polygamist, had a large 
library or not, but if, we of this age may judge from the hints he has given out he had not ; 
and furthermore he appeared to have been disgusted at being incumbered with many books. 
As a general thing book collectors are not readers, and vice versa, readers are not book col- 
lectors. There are, however, many exceptions to this rule ; for example, Peter Hastie, Esq. , 
one of the constructors of the Croton aqueduct which carries the water that supplies the 
city of New York, a distance of forty-live miles, was a veteran book collector, so much so 
that he ordered certain books to be bought for him the week that he died. His collection con- 
sisted of many thou.sands of volumes, the productions of standard authors on mathematics, 
engineering, history, philosophy, biography, theology, poetry, belles-letters, and miscella- 
nies, all of which he had a knowledge of their contents, more or less minute. It will be seen 
by the foregiiing that Mr. Halleck was in no mean company as regards being possessed of an 
uiiinipiutniit library. In surveying the collection, a jud^e of the value of such property 
would perhaps pronounce it worth from one hundred and twenty-five to one hundred and 
fifty dollars. The books brought fabulous prices, at least ten times their market value. The 
company was large, good humored, and just in a frame of mind to be a little more than 
liberal, doubtless stimulated to be so from a desire to possess a relic of the departed poet 
who had added fame to the literature of his country. The prices realized were by far the 
highest ever obtained in America for this kind of property. The following are the names of 
a few of the books and the prices they brought: Nicholas Nickleby with the author's auto- 
graph $18. Bryant's little volume of Poems, entitled Thirty poems, with the author's auto- 
graph, $11. Campbell's Poems, Philadelphia, 1804, with Halleck's autograph, $8.50. 
Catalogue of the Strawberry Hill Collection, $16. Barnaby Kudge, presentation copy by the 
Athor to Halleck, $1.5. Coleridge's Poems with a few notes by Halleck, London, 1803. $10. 
Fanny, a Poem by Mr. Halleck, $10. pamphlet, ISl!). Papers concerning the Attack on 
Hatfield, a pamphlet, $20. Cabinet of Biograiih y, a small pocket volume with the autograph 
of John Jacob Astor. $6. The sum total realized for his library was twelve hundred and fifty 
dollars ($1,2.50). The best engraved portrait and the most life-like of Halleck will be 
found accompanying the New York Mirror, vol. xiv, September, 24, 1836. 
Western Memouabilia. 

HALLOCK, GERARD. History of the South Congregational church. New Haven, 
from its origin in 1853, till January 1, 1865. 13mo, cloth, pp. 304. Portrait 
and plate, $1.75. New Haven, 1865 

HAMILTON, GEN. ALEX. Report on the Subject of Manufacturing, made in 
1791. 18mo, pp. 143, $1.50. Phila., 1824 

HAMILTON, ALEXANDER, The works of, comprising his correspondence, and 

his political and official writings, exclusive of the Federalist, civil and mili- 

tar\', i)ublished from the original manuscripts deposited in the department 

of state, by order of the joint library committee of Congress. Edited by John 

• C. Hamilton. 7 vols., 8vo, cloth. New York, 1850 

HAMILTON COLLEGE, Clinton, N. Y., A Memorial of the Semi-centennial 
Celebration of the Founding of. 8vo, cloth, 8 portraits, $3. Utica, N. Y., 1862 



[31 ] 

HANCOCK, JOHN. Reasons for withdrawing from Society with the people 
called Quakers. 12mo, pp. 37, $1. New York, 1801 

HANKINS, MARIE LOUISE. Women of New York. 33 portraits, 12mo, pp. 
349, no cover, $3. New York, 1861 

HARDIE, JAMES. An Account of the Malignant Fever lately prevailing in the 
City of New York, 1799. 8vo, pp. 148. uncut, $3. New York, 1799 

HARDMAN, WILLIAM G. A Treatise on the Curvilinear Perspective of Na- 
ture, and its applicability to Art. 8vo, $5. Lond., 1853 

HARLAN, RICHARD W. Fauna Americana, being a description of the Mam- 
miferous animals inhabiting North America. 8vo, boards, uncut, $3. 

Phila., 1825 

HARLAN, RICHARD W. Refutation of Certain Misrepresentations issued 
against the author of the Fauna Americana, in the Philadelphia Franklin 
Journal, No. 1, 1820, and in the North American Review, No. 50. 8vo, boards, 
$3. Phila., 1836 

HARLAN, R. Medical and Physical Researches, or Original Memoirs in Medi- 
cine, Surgery, Physiology, Geology, Zoology, and Comparative Anatomy. Il- 
lustrated with plates, containing 160 figures. Thick 8vo, boards, uncut, $5. 

Phila., 1835 

HARPER, ROBERT G. Observations on the Dispute between the U. S., and 
France, addressed to his constituents, in May, 1797. 8vo, pp. 109, $3 

London, 1798 

HARTLEY, W. M. B. Hartford in the olden Time ; Its first Thirty years, by 
Scalva, edited by W. M. B. Hartley, with illustrations. 8vo, pp, 316, maps 
and plates, gilt edge, morocco. Hartford, 1853 

HATHAWAY, LEVI, The Narrative of, being an account of his Life, Experi- 
ence, Call to the Ministry of the Gospel, and Travels as such, to the present 
time. 12mo, pp. 140, |3. Providence, 1830 

HAWTHORNE, NATHANIEL. Liberty Tree, with the last words of Grandfa- 
tlier's Chair. 18mo, pp. 156, $1.35. Boston, 1843 

HEADLEY, J. T. The Chaplains and Clergy of the Revolution. 13mo, cloth, 
$3. New York, 1804 

HEMMENWAY, MOSES. Seven Sermons on the obligation and encouragement 
of the Unregenerate. 13mo, pp. 304, |1.50. Boston, N. E. 1767 

HEMMENWAY, MOSES. A vindication of the power, obligation, and encou- 
ragement of the Unregenerate to attend the means of grace, against the ex- 
ceptions of the Rev. Samuel Hopkins. 13mo, fl.50. Boston, 1773 

HIBERNICUS, or Memoirs of an Irishman now in America, containing an account 
of the principal events of his life, both before and since his emigration, and 
interspersed with anecdotes and observations, humorous, political, and moral, 
with a supplement. 12rao, p]). 251. Pittsburg, 1838 

HICKS, ELIAS, Letters of, including also a few short Essays on several occa- 
sions illustrative of his doctrinal views, 8vo, boards, $3. N. Y., 1834 

HILLHOUSE, JAMES, Sketches of the Life and Public Services of, by Leonard 
Bacon. Portrait, 8vo, pp. 40, $1.50. New Haven, 1800 

HINMAN, ROYAL R. A Catalogue of the Names of the Early Puritan Settlers 
of the Colony of Connecticut, with tlu; Time of their Arrival, Place of Krsi- 
dence, Condition of Life, where from, business, &c., as far as found on Rcconl. 
Parts 1, 3, 3, 4, 5. 5 parts, 8vo, portrait, cover, $5. Hartford, 1846 

IIISTOIRE Naturelle et Moral des His Antilles De L'Ani('ri<|Uc Euredice de plu- 
sieurs des Raretez les plus considerabeles qui y sont dccrites. Avec un Vora- 
bulaire Caraibe. 4to, i)p. 535, $6. I{otterdam, 1658 

HISTORICAL RE(JISTER of thii United States, from the declaration of War in 
1313 to Jan., 1815. Edited by T. II. Palmer. 4 vols., «vo, $0. 

I>liiludeli)liia. 1814-lt; 



[32] 

HISTORY of the Capital of Asia and the Turks : together with an account of the 
Domestic Manners of the Turks in Turkey. Plates, 4 vols, in 1, 8vo, $5. 

Boston, 1856 
This volume contains b&sides, an account of the lost ten tribes settled beyond the River 
Sembatyon, in the east. By Dr. M. Edrepi. 

HODGE, CHARLES. The Constitutional History of the Presbyterian church in 
the United States of America, from 1705 to 1788. 2 vols., Svo, half calf, $3.25. 

Philadelphia, 1840 
HODENG, SARAH. The Land Log-Book : a compilation of Anecdotes and Occur- 
rences extracted from the Journal kept by the Author during a residence of 
several years in the United States of America. 12mo, pp. 278, $2. 

London, 1844 
HOFFMAN, MURRAY. A Treatise upon the Estates and Rights of the Corpora- 
tion of the city of New York as Proprietors. Svo, pp. 320, cxxxiv, 1 plate. 

New York, 1853 

HOFFMAN, MURRAY. Treatise upon the Estate and Rights of the Corporation 

of the City of New York as proprietors. 2 vols., Svo, law binding, second 

edition, $5. New York, 1S62 

HOGAN, J. S. Canada, An Essay, to which was awarded the first prize by the 
Paris Exhibition Committee of Canada. Maps and plates. Svo, red mor., $2. 

Montreal, 1855 

HOLLAND, E. G. Essays and a Drama in five acts. Svo, 12mo, pp. 400, |2. 

Boston, 1852 

HOPKINS, SAMUEL. The Puritans, or the Church Court, and Parliament of 
England during the reigns of Edward Sixth, and Queen Elizabeth. 3 vols., 
Svo, cloth, $6. Boston ISCO 

HORACE, The Lyric Works of, translated into English Verse, to which is added 
a number of Original Poems. By a Native American. Svo, pp. 375. 

Phila, 1786 
The first Roman Classic Poet translated by an American. Besides Horace will be found 
translations from Anacreon, Tibullus, Ovid, and Virgil. A Pastoral Drama on the birth- 
day of an Illustrious Personage and the Return of Peace, Feb. 11th, 1784. John Park of 
Dover, State of Delaware, was the translator of this version of Horace, and a graduate 
Bachelor in Arts at the College of Philadelphia, June 28th, 1771. He was a Colonel in the 
army. Most of these translations and original poems were written in the camp, when like 
Camoens, "One hand the pen, and one the sword employed." It is to be hoped that the 
author never headed a regiment during an engagement, if he was not a better soldier than 
he was a poet Westeen Memorabilia. 

HUBBARD, WILLIAM. A General History of New England, from the discovery 
to 1680. Svo, sheep, |5. Cambridge, Mass., 1815 

HUGHES, REV. T. S. The History of England, from the death of George the 
Second in 1760 to the accession of Queen Victoria in 1837, with historical 
Illustrations and Portraits, being a continuation of Hume and Smollett. 8 
vols., 12mo, half calf, $16, cloth, $10. liondon. 

HUMPHREYS, DAVID. An Historical Account of the Incorporate Society for the 
Promotion of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. Maps, Svo, pp. 387, $6. Corwin's 
copy of the book sold for $8. London, 1730 

HUTTON, CHARLES. A course of Bookkeeping according to the method of Single 

Entry, 4to, pp. about 75, $1. Philadelphia, 1801 

This is in all probability the first treatise on the subject of bookkeeping published in the 

United States. The author was the well known mathematician of that name. As a step in 

the history of book making in America it is interesting. 

HYMN BOOKS (155). Published for and by various denominations of Christians 
chiefly second hand. No duplicates. v. d. 

ILLINOIS, The Laws of, passed at 7th general assembly, at their session held at 
Viiiidalla, in 1830-31. Svo, pp. 217, $2. Vandalla, 1831 

IMLAY, GILBERT, A Topographical Description of the Western Territory of 
North America, including Filson, Hart, Hutching's, Kennedy's accounts, illus- 
trated with correct maps of the Western Territory of North America. Svo, 
calf, fine copy, $15. London, 1797 



[33] 

INDIANA. Biographical Sketches of the mombers of the 45th General Assembly, 

with that of the State Officers and Judiciary by James Sutherland. 8vo, pp. 

310, 13.50. . Indianapolis, 1861 

INDIANA. State Gazette and Business Directory for 18G0-61. 8v<). pp. 778, $3. 

Indiana])olis, 1861 
INDIANS. Correspondence on the subject of the Emififration of Indians between 
the 30th November, 1831, and 37th" December, 1838. 8vo, ])p. 503, $3. 

Washinjrton, 1835 

INDIANS. Treaties between the United States of America, and the several In- 
dian Tribes, from 1778 to 1837, vnth a copious table of contents. New edition, 
carefully compared with the originals. 8vo, calf, pp. 783, $5. Wash., 1837 

INGERSOLL, CHARLES J. A view of the Rights and Wrongs, Power and 
Policv of the United States of America. 8vo, boards, uncut, $3.50. 

Philadelphia, 1808 

INTERMENTS. Report of the Committee on Laws, to the Corporation of the 
City of New Yorlv on the subject of Interment, within the pojiulous parts of 
the city. 8vo, $1.50. New York, 1835 

IOWA, WISCONSIN AND ILLINOIS. Report of a Geological Exploration 
by the United States Government. By D. D. Owen. Maps and plates. 8vo, 
$3. Washington, 1844 

IRVING, WASHINGTON. Letters of Jonathan Old Style, Gent. With a Bio- 
graphical Notice. 8vo, boards, uncut, $1,35. Loudon, 1834 

JACKSON, CHARLES T. Geological and Mineralogical Report of the Survey 
of the Mineral Lands of the United States of Michigan. Numerous Geo- 
logical maps colored. 8vo, boards, $5. Washington, 1849 

JAMES, WILLIAM. Full and Correct Account of the Chief Naval Occurrences 
of the Late War between Great Britain and the United States of America, 
preceded by a course of examination of the American account of their Naval 
actions fought previous to that period. 8vo, uncut, $5. London, 1817 

JAMESTOWN, The Voyage of the, on her Errand of Mercy. Sailed from Boston, 
March 38, 1847, with pro^asions for Cork, Ireland, R. B. Forbes, Commander. 
Plate, 8vo, pp. 181, $3. Boston, 1847 

JARRETT, DEVEREUX, Life of. Rector of Botli parish, Denweddie Court House, 
Virginia, written by himself in a series of Letters writte nbetween 1793 and 
1794, addressed to the Rev. John Coleman. 18mo, $1.50. Baltimore, 1806 

JEFFERSON, THOMAS, Observations on the writings of, with particular refer- 
ence to the attack they contain on the Memory of the lat(! (ien. Henry Lee, in 
a series of Letters by H. Lee, of Virginia. 8vo, pj). 337. New York, 1833 

This is ttie first edition and has become very rare, mainly on account of it havinfr been 
rigidly suppressed, and as tar as possible destroyed throughout Virginia. The worsliijiers 
of the memory of .lett'erson could not bear such an expose and therefore it was doomed to 
destruction. A subsequent edition with notes appeared in 1838, which is much more ac- 
cessible. 

JEFFERSON, THOMAS, Writings of, being his Autobiography, Correspond- 
ence, Reports, Messages, Addresses, and other writings, official and ])rivate, 
from the original manuscript, with exi)lanatory Notes, table of Contents and 
a copious Index to the whole, by the editor, II. A. Washington. 9 vols., 8vo, 
cloth, $18. New York, 1853 

JEFFERSON, THOMAS, Memoirs, Corresi)ond(!nce, and Private Papers of, edited 
by Tliomas Jefferson Randolph. 4 v<)1h.,8vo, boards, $6. Boston, 1839 

JEFFEliSON, THOMAS, Lift; of, with parts of liis Corrcsijoudence never before 
])ul)lislicd, juid notices of liis opinions on questions <if Civil (ifovcrnment, Na- 
tional Policv, and (,'onstitulioual Law, by (jJeorge Tucker. Portrait, 3 vols., 
8vo, cloth, pp. (;33, 597, $5. Phila., 1837 

IKROME, CHAUNCEY. History of the American Clock Business for tlie ])a8t 
sixty years, with Barnum's corrections. Portrait, 13mo, $1.50. 

New Haven, 1860 

5 



[34] 



JEWITT, JOHN R., Narrative of the Adventures and sufferings of, only sur- 
vivor of the crew of the ship Boston, during a captivity of nearly three years 
among the savages of Nootka Sound, &c., &c. 12nio, plate, $1.50 

Middletown, 1815 

JOCKEY CLUB, or Manners of the Age, a curious piece of scandal. Collections 
on the death of Gen. Hamilton, No. V, Sea Journal of W. Moulton, from New 
London to the Soutli Seas, 1799. Catalogue of Curiosities to be seen at 38 
William Street, New York, 1804. All bound in one vol., 8vo, a rare collec- 
tion, s. 8. 

JOHN BULL in America, or the New Munchausen. 12mo, boards, uncut, $3. 

New York, 1825 

This book is written in the extravagant style of Baron Munchausen, purporting to be a 

foreigner's tour through the United States. The extravaganza is intended to sharply 

satirize the English tourists who have visited and written on America, the United States 

particularly. 

JOHNSON, ANDREW, Trial of, President of the U. S. before the senate of the 
U. S., on Impeachment by the House of Representatives for High Crimes and 
Misdemeanors. 3 vols.. 8vo, cloth, pp. 763. 520, 423. Washington, 1868 

JOHNSON, C. B. Letters from the British settlement in Pennsylvania. Map, 
18mo, pp. 192, $2. Pliila., 1819 

JOHNSON, JOSEPH. Traditions and Reminiscences chiefly of the American 
Revolution in the South, including Historical Sketches, Incidents and Anec- 
dotes. Fac-simile Autographs, 2 maps, 8vo, pp. 592, $10. Charlestown, 1851 

JOHNSON, WALTER R. A Report to the Navy Department of the United 
States on American Coal, applicable to Steam navigation and to other pur- 
poses. 8vo, pp. 606, unbound, $5. Wash., 1844 

JONES, WILLIAM D. Mirror of Modern Democracy, a History of the Demo- 
cratic party, from its organization in 1825, and its last great achievement, the 
Rebellion, 1860. 12mo, pp. 270, $1.50. New York, 1864 

JUDD, REV. SYLVESTER, Life and character of. 12mo, cloth, portrait, $3. 

Boston, 1857 
JUNIUS. Proved to be Burke, with outline of his Biography. 8vo, pp. 64. 

London, 1826 
KEMBLE, MISS FANNY. Francis the First, a Tragedy in Five Acts, with other 
Poetical pieces, in which are included an original Memoir, and a full length 
portrait. Sixth edition, 8vo, pp. 72, $2. New York, 1833 

KENNET, BISHOP. Bibliothecse Americanse Primordia. An attempt towards 
laying the foundation of an American Library. A Catalogue of Books relat- 
ing to the discovery and planting of America, The title page and dedication 
in Manuscript. 4to, pp. about 400, $20. London, 1713 

This is believed to be the first compiled catalogue of American literature in the English 
Language. 

KENTUCKY State Gazetteer and Business Directory for 1859-60. 8vo, pp. 525, 
$1.50. Louisville, Ky., 1860 

KILBOURN, JOHN. The Ohio Gazetteer, or Topographical Dictionary, contain- 
ing a Description of the several Counties of the State of Ohio. Third edition. 
A Western Literary curiosity. 18mo, boards, uncut, $5. Albany, N. Y., 1817 

KILBOURN, JOHN. The Ohio Gazetteer, or Topographical Dictionary, descrip- 
tive of the several Counties, Towns, Villages, Canals, Roads, Rivers, Lakes, 
Springs, Mines, &c., in the State. Ninth edition. 12mo, pp. 280, $2. 

Columbus, 1829 

KING, CHARLES. Progress of the City of New York during the last fifty years, 
with notices of the principal changes and important events — a Lecture. 
8vo, pp. 80, $2. New York, 1852 

LADIES' MAGAZINE (The) Conducted by Mrs. Sarah Jane Hale, from the com- 
mencement, Jan. 1, 1828 to Dec, 1834. 7 vols., 8vo, in parts, put in cloth 
jackets, with several portraits and other plates. Boston, 1828, &c. 

LAFAYETTE, GENERAL, An account of the visit of, to the U. S., from his arri- 
val in August, 1824, to his return to France. 8vo. Pliila., 1827 



[ 35] 

LAMBERT, UUILLAUME. Voyage dans L'AmcrunK^ du N<ml, en 1858 ot 1854, 
avec notes sur les expositions nniversellesde Dviblin et de New York. 2 vols., 
royal 8vo, 1 an Atlas, half nior., $4. Bruxelles, 1855 

LAND OFFICE. Report of the Commissioner of (ieneral Land Otfice, accompa- 
nyinjr the annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior for 1800. 8vo, seve- 
ral larjre folding- maps, |2. Washington, 18G0 

LAWS, Army and Navy Pension laws, and Bounty Land Laws of the United States, 
including Resolutions of Congress, from 1770 to 1852, executed at the depart- 
ment of the interior, with an Appendix, containing the opinions of attorneys 
general of the United States, with the Decisions, Rules, and Regulations 
adopted by different S(>cretaries, relative to the execution of those laws. 
Compiled by Robert Mayo, M. D. and Ferdinand Moulto, counsellor at Law. 
8vo, i)p. 700, $3. ' Washington, 1852 

LAWS. A Digest of the Laws and Resolutions of Congress relative to pensions, 
county lands, ])ay of the army, mileage, horses or other ])roperty lost or de- 
stroyed in the Military Service, expenses of volunteer force, patents, etc., 
together with the opinions of the attorneys general, and decisions of the 
secretaries of war and interior, and of the encounting officers of the treasury 
thereon, with full and complete Forms of Application, so arrangc'd as to fur- 
nish all the inl'ormation that may be desired by claimants, or tli.cir attorneys. 
By C. W. Beimett, attorney at law. 8vo, pp. 504, $5. Washington, 1854 

LAWS of the United States of America, from the formation of the Government 
1789, to 1814, original edition. 12 vols., 8vo, $12. 

Phila., 1796, and Wash., 1815 

LAY, BENJAMIN, Memoirs of the life of, and Ralph Sandiford, two of the 
earliest ])ublic advocates for tlu> Emancipation of the Enslaved Africans, by 
Robert Vaux, with a remarkable full length portrait of Lav. 12ni(), ])p. 7:3. 

Phila., 1815 

LEAVES FOR DOUGHFACES, or threescore and ten Parables touching Slavery. 
By a former resident of the south. 12mo, pp. 332, wood-cuts, $3. Cin., 1856 

LA BLANC, VINCENT. The World Surveyed: or the famous voyages and 
travels of, from the age of fourteen to sixty-eight. Rendered into English. 
Folio, pp. 407, |10. . London. 1060 

The author visited America north and south as well as the West Indies during his long 
peregrinations. This volume is become quite rare, although it is generally found in the 
libraries of veteran collectors of books relating to America. 

LEDYARD, JOHN. A Journal of Capt. Cook's last voyage to the Pacific Ocean, 
and in quest of a north-west i^assage, between Asia and America. Performed 
in the years 1776-7-8-9. Hlustrated with a chart. 12mo, pp. 208. 

Hartford, 1783 

LEDYARD, JOHN. Memoirs of the Life and Travels of, from his Journals and 
Correspondence. 8vo, boards, ]))). 428, $3. London. 1828 

When I undertook to write the Life of Ledyard. said Mr. Sparks, I had great ditticulty in 
i)rocuring a conv of his Journal of a voyage. I could buy one nowhere, nor could I borrow 
n. .Vt length I "was infonned that a certain collector in Connecticut had a copy. I took the 
liberty of making known to him my wanis. After cousidcratile negotiation he consented 
to allow me to use the book, but th(- favor was so gruilLringlv iriven and Vo many conditions 
and restrictions attached to it, that I afterwards rcgreiled thai I made the reiiuesl. lie on 
;liat occasion iiurcliased from me an iinperfecl copy less both the map and part of the t(^xt; 
but, said he. 1 am pleased, much pleased, to proeureeven such a cojiy id a Imnk 1 had so much 
dilliculty ingetliiig hold of when I wasiu aciiial need of it. This iinp<-rfection was formerly 
the i)ropertv of the famous biblioi)ole S. <i. Deeth. Mr. Sparks, like Everett, Talfray, Ban- 
croft, and Emerson, commencc^d his career in life as a I'nitarian clergynnui, but s'oon 
abandoned that i)rofessioii for one more congenial to his taste, as well as more lucrative. 
In his nc-w calling he wrote and edilc^d not less than sixty or seventy octavo and I'Juio vo- 
lumes. ,\mongthe i)rincipal were his American Biography in twenty-five volumes, the Writ- 
ings of Washington in twelve volumes, .\merican Diplomatic Correspondence twenty-one 
vohinies, &c., &c. He was indeed a laborious and useful man, oiu; who has added important 
siMviee as well as honorable fame to his country, Mr, Sparks was corporally a heavy, un- 
wieldv man. slow or rather solemn in his address, a large, or massy countenance, strongly 
risenlbling professor Cliarh^s -Vnthon. or the late president Andrew .Johnson, llo left the 
iinprc^>ion on the beholder of a man of t^\lreme benevolence and liealtliy feeling. He was 
an arflent lover ofliferatun! and of everything which had a tendency to jiromote or elevate 
it. He madir it a practice to visit niv bookstore evi-ry time he cann- to New York, On one 
of these oicasions he informed mir that he had abandoned t Ik; buy iuL' of books, but. continued 
he, I still delight to visit the haunts and repositories, where the mental ouipourihgs of the 



[ 36 ] 

Rreat and frifted of all ages and nations are congregated standing peacefully side by side 
waiting and ready to illuminate the present and coming generations of men. I still take 
great pleasure in turning over these dark dingy volumes and reading here and there a page, 
and looking upon the countenances of their venerable authors. In one of these visits I pre- 
sented liini'with a copy of the iirst number of my Bibliotheca Americana. Denton's descrip- 
tion of JMew York and Long Island in 1670. Edited by the late Judge Purman. After 
carefully looking at the historical volume, said he, solemnly, I commend your spirit 
and enterprise for having reproduced this book, and for having promised to bring out a series 
of like character, but I greatly fear you are by far too premature in your undertaking, or, in 
other words, ahead of the age. The bookbuyers, as a general thing, in this country, are not 
prepared for encouraging such publications. I informed him that I had printed fifty 
copies of this book on large paper, 4to, as an experiment, to learn how such would sell in 
America, the first attempt of the kind made in the country. In reply, said he, .so far as I 
know this fancy has not taken root nor even been transplanted into the United States. A 
community that would buy such books must have these indispensable requisites, namely, 
taste, leisure and wealth. Such publications are frequently brought out in Europe especi- 
ally in Great Britain ; but there the learned and wealthy are much more numerous than with 
us, and that is the class which the publisher must depend on for buying such books. This 
was in 1846. They are too practical to ecmiprehend their use. This series of books when 
published will be thankfully appreciated, but it will be in after ages, and too late to remu- 
nerate you for your pains; but, said he, go on in your meritorious undertaking, you have my 
heartiest wish for your prosperity, and I truly hope I may prove a false prophet in this case. 
, Western Memorabilia. 

LEE, HENRY. Memoirs of the War in the Southern Department of the United 
States. 8vo, pp, 466, |5. Washington, 1827 

LEE, JOHN . H. The origin and progress of the American Party in Politics, em- 
bracing a comx^lete History of the Philadelphia Riots. 12mo, cloth, $1. 

Phila., 1855 

LEGARE, HUGH SWINTON, Writings of, consisting of a Diary of Brussells, 
and Journal of the Rhine, extracts from his Private and Diplomatic Corre- 
spondence, Orations and Speeches, Contributions to the N. Y. and Southern 
Review, with a memoir of his Life. 2 vols., 8vo, pp. 630, 593, $10. 

Charleston, S. C, 1845 

LEGISLATIVE SKETCHES from a Reporter's Note Book, by Geoffrey Jenkins. 

12mo, pp. 93, |1. Albany, 1866 

LEGGETT, WILLIAM, A Collection of the Political Writings of, edited by 

Theodore Sedgwick, Jr. 2 vols., 12mo, cloth, $2.50. New York, 1840 

LELAND, CHARLES G. The Poetry and Mystery of Dreams. 12mo, cloth, $2. 

Phila., 1856 

LENDRUM, JOHN. A Concise and Impartial |History of the American Revolu- 
tion, with a general history of North and South America. Account of the 
Discovery and Settlement of North America, &c., &c. 2 vols., 12mo, $6. 

Trenton, 1811 

L'ESCLAVAGE en GENERAL, Examen de, et particulierement de I'esclavage 
des Negres dans les Colonies Francaises de TAmerique. Par V. D. C. An- 
cien Avocat et Colon a Saint Domingue. 2 vols., 8vo, pr., uncut, $3. 

Paris, 1802 

LETTERS addressed to Caleb Strong, late Govtn-nor of Mass., showing War to be 
inconsistent with the laws of Christ and the good of mankind. 8vo, boards, 
pp. 124, $1.25. London, 1818 

LETTERS from an Egyptian in New York to his friend in Cairo, translated by 
Mathew Markwell. 8vo, cloth, $2. New York, 1848 

LETTERS of Adelaide De Sancere to Count De Nance. 12mo, pp. 160. 

Newburn, N. C. 1801 

This book is chiefly noticeable as evidence of the early introduction of printing into the 

then village of Newbiirn, North Carolina. To the historian of the American printing-press 

it will prove an important as well as an authentic land-mark Western Memorabilia. 

LIBERAL PREACHER. A monthly publication of Sermons by living ministers. 
Conducted by an association of Clergymen. 4 vols, in two, 8vo, $4. 

Boston, 1831 

LINCOLN, ABRAHAM. Our Martyr President, Voice from the Pulint of New 
York and Brooklyn, Oration by Geo. Bancroft, Oration at the burial by Bishop 
Simpson. 12mo" pp. 420, $1.50. New York, 1865 

This vol. contains twenty-one Sermons by the most able divines of New York and Brook- 
lyn. Two orations and two prayers. 



[ 37 ] 

LINCOLN, ABRAHAM, Obsequies of, in tlio city of New York, under tlie au- 
spices of the Common Council. Compiled by David T. Valentine. Plat(>s, 
royal 8vo, $3. New York, 180(> 

LITERARY MAGAZINE, and American Register, from Commencement Oct., 
1803 to July, 1807. 8vo, sheep, scarce, $12. Phila., 1803-7 

LITERARY and Scieutific Repository and Critical Review. 4 vols., Bvo, un- 
bound, a ctnnplete set, $4. New York, 1820-23 

LITURGY Collected for the use of the Church at King's Chapel, Boston. 2d 
edition wtli some alterations and additions. 8vo, sheep, $1.50. Boston, 1811 

LIVINGSTON, EDWARD. An Answer to Mr. Jefferson's Justification of his 
conduct in the case of the New Orleans Batture. Map, 8vo, paper cover, un- 
cut, $5. Phila., 1813 

LOGAN, JAMES. Memoirs of a distinguished scholar and Cliristian Legislator, 
Founder of the Loganean Library, Philadelphia. 12mo pp. 192, $2. 

London, 1851 

LONGFELLOW, H. W. Hyperion, a Romance. 2 vols., 12mo, boards, uncut. 
Very rare in this condition, $3. New York, 1839 

LOST PRINCIPLE ; The, or the Sectional Equilibrium, how it was created, how 
destroyed, how it may be restored, by Barbarossa. 8vo, pp. 2(56, $1.50. 

Richmond, Va., 1860 

LUNDY, BENJAMIN. The Life, Travels, and Opinions of, including liis jour- 
neys to Texas and Mexico, with a sketch of Cot(?mporary events, and a notice 
of the Revolution in Hayti. 12mo, pp. 316. Portrait and map. Phila., 1847 

LYMAN, THEODORE, JR. The Diplomacy of the United States, being an ac- 
count of the foreign relations of the country, from the first tn^aty with France, 
in 1778, to the present time, 2d edition with additions. 2 vols., 8vo, boards, 
uncut, $10. Boston, 1828 

LYNCHBURG, Sketches and Recollections of, by the oldest inhabitant. 12mo, 
pp, 303, $3. Richmond, 1858 

MACPHERSON, CHARLES, Memoirs of Life and Travels of, in Asia, Africa, and 
America, illustrative of manners, customs, and character, written bv liimself 
chiefly between the years 1773 and 1790. 12mo, $5. Edinburgh, 1800 

MADISON, JAMES, The Papers of, purchased by order of Congre.ss, being his 
Correspondence and Reports of Debates during the Congress of the Confedera- 
tion, and his Reports of Debates in the Federal Convention. Now jMiblislied 
from the original manuscript, under the Superintendence of II. D. Gilpin. 
3 vols., 8vo, sheep. Mobile, 1842 

MAFFET, JOHN NEWLAND, Poems by. 12mo, pp. 144, $5.50. very rare. 

Louisville, Ky. 1839 
The author was a kind of erratic or wandering; star anions the Methodist dunoiniiiation 
throughout tlie United .States. Ili.s apnroach towards any point caused a stir aniouf; tliat 
pious class created l)y the ell'orts of John Weslev, and his haran<;u(ts durii\;; his stay pro- 
duced the j^reatest effervescence among tlieni. besides this volume of i)oems he was the 
author of several other volumes of prose and poetry Westeun Memokabilia. 

MAGEN, NICHOLAS. An Essay on Insurance, Ex])laining the nature of various 
kinds of Insurance practiced Ijy tlu^ diffen-nt Couuncrcial States of Europf, 
and showing their consistency or inconsistency, witli (Miuity and the public 
good. Illustrated by real and extraordinary cases, stated at large, witli ob- 
servations thereon, tending to settle divers doubtful points in making u]) ac- 
counts, losses and average. 2 vols., 4to, a very rare book, $25. London, 1755 

MAHOMET, a Tragedy, in Five acts. Translated from tlu; French of M. Voltaire, 
by the Rev. James'Miller. 18mo, pj). 72, $1. New York, 1H09 

MANUSCRIPT. An Enriuiry into the present state and Administration of affairs 
in the jjroN-ince of East Flctrida, with some observations on the case of tlie 
late Chief Justicf^ thc^n;. 4to, vellum, about 120 pagi-s. Written in a very 
neat, legible hand. In the inside of the first fly-leaf will lie round the follow- 
ing indorsement, an Enijiiiry, &c., by W. Drayton, $125. 1778 



[ 38] 

MARBOIS, M. BARBE. History de La Louisiane et de la cession de cette colonie 
par la France aux Etats-Unis de TAmerique septentrionales. 8vo, pp. 485, 
$3. Paris, 1829 

MARCHEMONT, a Selection from tlie Papers of the Earls of Marcliemont, in the 
possession of Sir George H. Rose. Illustrative of events from 1685 to 1750. 
3 vols., 8vo, boards, $4. London, 1831 

MARSHALL, E. C. History of the U. S. Naval Academy, with biographical 
sketches, and the names of all the superintendents, professors, and graduates, 
&c. 13mo, cloth, 2 plates, $3. New York, 18G3 

MASON, JOHN, Self Knowledge, a treatise sho-vving the nature and benefit of 
that important Science, and the way to attain it. 18mo, $2. Boston, 1800 
A Typographical curiosity. The first American edition of this popular little book. 

MASSACHUSETTS REGISTER and United States Calender, for 1804-7-9-10 
ll_12_14-18-19-20-34-35-36-38-39 and 31. 15 vols., 18mo, |8. 

Boston, 1804-31 

MASSIE, JAMES W. America, the Origin of her present conflict, her prospects 
for the Slave, and her claim for Anti-Slavery sympathy. Illustrated by inci- 
dents of travel, during a tour in the summer of 1863, throughout the U. S., 
&c. 8vo, map, cloth, pp. 480, $2. London, 1864 

MATHER, COTTON, Essays to do Good, addressed to all Christians. Edited by 
George Burder. 12mo, $1.50. Lexington, Ky., 1823: 
The reading of this book, "Essays to do Good," gave me such a turn for thinking, as 
to have an influence on my conduct through life, for I have always set a greater value on 
the character of a doer of good, than any other kind of reputation, and if'I have been, as 
you seem to think, a useful citizen, the public owes the advantage to that book. 
Dr. Bbnjamin Franklin. 

MATHER, COTTON. Magnalia Christi Americani, or the Ecclesiastical History 
of New England, from the first planting, in the year 1620, imto the year 
1698. In seven books, with an introduction and occasional notes by T. Rob- 
bins, also an Index. Portraits, 3 vols., 8vo, sheep, $5. Hartford, 1855 

MATHER, COTTON. Essays to do Good, addressed to all Christians, whether in 
public or private capacities. New edition by G. Burder. 12mo, $1. 

Johnstown, 1815 

MATHER, COTTON, The Christian Philosopher, a collection of the best dis- 
coveries in nature, with religious improvements. 12mo, $1. Charlestown, 1815 

MATHER, S. An attempt to shew that America must be known to the ancients, 
made at the request and to gratify the curiosity, of an inquisitive gentleman. 
To which is added an Appendix concerning the American Colonies and some 
Modern Monagments against them. By an American Englislunan, Pastor of 
a church in Boston, New England. 8vo, pp. 35. Boston, 1773 

MATHEWS, CORNELIUS. A Pen and Ink Panorama of New York City. 

18mo, pp. 209, $1. New York, 1853 

MAURY, SARAH M. An Englishwoman in America. An Appendix containing 

the history of the Emigrant Surgeon's Bill. 8vo, cloth, pp. 589, $2. 

London, 1848 
McCONNEL, J. L. Western Characters or Types of Border Life, in the Western 

States, with illustrations by Darley. 13mo, cloth, $3. New York, 1853 

McKINNEY, MORDECAI. Our Government, an Explanatory Statement of the 
System of Government of the Country, &c., «Sic. A manual for schools, acade- 
mies and popular use, 2d edition, 8vo, $3. Philadelphia, 1856 

McMULLEN, JOHN. History of Canada, from its first discovery to the present 
time. 8vo, pp. xiv, 506, |5. Brockville, C. W., 1855 

Mcpherson, EDWARD. Hand-book of Politics for 1868. 8vo, pp. 387. 

Washington, 1868 

MECHANICS MAGAZINE, and Register of Inventions and Improvements, por- 
traits of Eli Whitney, B. Franklin, R. Fulton, and numerous wood-cuts. 2 
vols., royal 8vo, half calf, $10. New York, 1833-4 



[ 39] 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL Church appeal to the juiblic oi)inion in a serios of ex- 
ceptions to tlie course and action of the Methodist Episco])al Cliurch from 1844 
to 1848 ajrainst the Methodist Church south by II. 13. Bascom and A. L. P. 
Greene and B. Parsons. 8vo, pp. 203, $2. Louisville, Ky., 1848 

METHODIST HYMNS. A Collection of Hymns for the use of the Methodists- 
Fourtli edition 12nio, 204, $8. ' London, 1784 

METHODIST MAGAZINE, and Quarterly Review, 5 vols., 20-21-25-28 and 29. 5 
vols., 8vo, twelve portraits, $5. New York, 1888-1847 

MEXICAN WAR. Message of the President of the United States with the docu- 
ments containinjr the Military reports of battles, &c., with maps and plans. 
Thick 8vo, lialf calf, pp. 1G18,'|3. Washington, 1847 

MICHIGAN. Historical and Scientific Sketches of Michi<jan, comprisin<j a series 
of Discourses delivered before the Historical Society of Micliioan ; with other 
papers relating to the territory. By L. Cass, H. Wheliug, J. Biddlc, &c., &c. 
12mo, pp. 215, |3. Detroit, 1834 

MILTON, JOHN. Paradise Regained, a poem in four books, from the text of Dr. 
Newton, to which are added poems on several occasions. 12mo, pp. 13G, $2. 

Philadelphia, 17U1 

MILBOURNE Monthly Magazine of original colonial Literature. Vol., 1, por- 
traits, 8vo, $1.50. Milbourne, 1851 

MILES, JAMES W. Philosophic Theology, or Ultimate Grounds of all Reli- 
gious Belief based on Reason. 8vo, pp. 234, $5. Charleston, 1849 

MILITARY REPORTS. Mordecai. Military Report of his Tour through Europe, 
in 1855-6. Plates, 4to, 1861. Gen. McClellan's Report on the State of War 
in Europe. Map ai\d Diagrams, 4to, 1857. Col. Delafield's Report on the 
Art of War in Europe. Many colored plates and maps, 4to, 1861. In all 3 
vols., 4to, clotli, $10. Wash., 1857-61 

MILLAR, SAMUEL, D. D. Letters on Unitarianism, addressed to the members 
of the First Presbyterian Church in Baltimore. 8vo, pp. 312, boards, luicut, 
$1.50. Trenton, 1721 

MILLER, STEPHEN F. The Bench and Bar of Georgia, Memoirs and Sketches, 
with an appendix containing a Court Roll from 1790 to 1857, &c. 2 vols., 
8vo, pp. 483, 454, $8. Pliila., 1858 

MILLS, ROBERT. Statistics of South Carolina, including a ^iew of its Natural 
Civil, and Military History. Map, thick 8vo, |5. Charleston, 1826 

MILLS, SAMUEL J., Memoirs of, late Missionary to the south-western section 
of the U. S. deputed to explore the coast of Africa. By Gardiner Spring. 8vo, 
boards, $1.50. New York, 1820 

MILTON, JOHN, Tlie Poetical Works of, from the text of Dr. Newton, with 
the Life of the Author. 2 vols., 12mo. pp. 314, 76. lm|)rinted at Springfield, 
Massachusetts, l)y James Hutchins, for Ebenezer Larkin, and E. and S. Lar- 
kin. State street. Boston, 1794. 

This in all probability is the first Arnerican edition of the poems of John Milton, and as 
puch possesj^os no little interest. The first edition of every gn^at Kin'o|)ean author pro- 
duced in Americ'a may be said to mark an epoch in th(( projiress of mind in the new world. 
A jndiciou^i and observant publisher possesses a sensitiveness in regard to public taste much 
beyond any otlier observer. 

MINSHULL, J(JHN. A Comic Opera, entitled Rural Felicity, with the marriage 
of Shelty. Fine Portrait of the Autlior. 8vo, uncut, [ip." 69, $6. N. Y., 1801 

MINUTES of the G(!neral Assemlily of the Presbyterian Cliurch in the United 
States of America with an apjiendix for 1806-^8-9-10-11-12-13-15-16-20-21 
22-2:5-24-25-27-28-29-33-35-36-37-41-42-48-52-57-58-59-60 and (tl . 37 
Nos. 8vo, pai)er. Philadelphia, 180()-61 

MOBILK CITY. The Code of Ordinances of the city of Mobile, with the charter 
and an Appendix By Alexander McKinstry. 8vo, pp. 443, $3.50. 

Mobil.-, 1859 

MOLINA'S History of Chili. 2 vols., 8yo. calf, extra. $3. 1809 

The author of this work. Don Juan Iirnatius Molina, was a native of Chili, distin<;uished 

for his literary acquirements, and particularly his knowledge of Natural History. His book 



[ 40 ] 

was first published in Italian, at Bologna, 1782, in 8vo, and translated into French by Gravel, 
Paris, 1789, 8vo. It has also been translated into German and Spanish. It is quoted by 
Gmelin in his enlarged edition of the Systema Natur.-e. 

MOOBE, SIR THOMAS. The Commonwealth of Utopia. Containino: a Learned 
and Pleasant discourse on the best state of a public weal as it is found in the 
New Island of Utopia. 8vo, pp. 126. London printed, Philadelphia reprinted 
by James Chattin, for B. Lay. 1753 

MORGAN, HENRY I. Sketches of celebrated Canadians, and persons connected 
with Canada, from the earliest period in the history of the province down to 
the present time. 8vo, cloth, pp. 792, $3. Montreal, 1865 

MORGAN, JOHN. A Discourse upon the Institution of Medical Schools in Ame- 
rica, delivered at a public anniversary commencement, held in the college of 
Philadelphia, May 30, 31, 1765, with a preface containing amongst other 
things, the Author's Apology for attempting to introduce the regular mode of 
practicing physic in Philadelphia. 8vo, pp. xxvi, 53. 

Philadelphia, printed and sold by Wm. Bradford, 

at the corner of Market and Front Streets. m,dcc,lxv 

MORGAN, REV. DR. Catalogue of his splendid Theological and Miscellaneous 
library with prices and names of purchaser, in pencil. 8vo, pp. 240, $3. 

New York 

MOTLEY BOOK (The). A series of Tales and Sketches of American Life with 
ilhistrations by Dick Gimber. and others, by author of Behmoth, Legend of 
the Mound Builders, &c. 8vo, cloth, $1.50. " New York, 1840 

MUNSELL, JOEL. The Annals of Albany, vols. 1-2-3-4-5-9 and 10. 12mo, 
cloth, $10. Albany, 1850, 1859 

MUNSELL, JOEL. A Chronology of Paper and Paper making. 3d edition, 8vo, 
pp. 174, $2. Albany, 1864 

MUNSELL, JOEL. Catalogue of a rare and extensive collection of books princi- 
pally relating to America, comprising a portion of the library of Joel Munsell 
of Albany, N. Y., sold at auction April 11, 1865, and following days, by J. E. 
Cooley. 4to, large paper, pp. 123, $2. New York, 1865 

MURRAY, JAMES. Select Discourses upon several important subjects. 8vo, 
$1.50. New Castle, 1765 

MURRAY, JAMES. An Impartial History of the present war in America, con- 
taining an account of its rise and progress, the political springs thereof, with 
its various successes, and disappointments on both sides. Portrait, 2 vols., 
8vo, 4$. Newcastle upon Tyne. n. d. 

MURRAY, JAMES. An Impartial History of the present War in America, con- 
taining an account of its rise and progress, political springs thereof, with its 
various successes and disappointments, on both sides. 2 vols, in 1, 8vo, old 
calf. London, 1778 

MURRAY, JAMES. Sermons to Asses , to which is added New Sermons to 
Asses, Sennons to Dcx-tors in Divinity, Sermons to Ministers of State, and Ser- 
mons to Lords Spiritual, or an advice to the Bishops, with a discourse on 
Ridicule. 8vo, pp. 322, $5, a rare collection. n. d. 

Murray, the author of Sermons to Asses, was a ferociows republican in sentiment, as well 
as a hearty teacher of that doctrine to others even from the pulpit. He took eveiy oppor- 
tunity to annoy the government by invective and satire. His far famed sermons are especial 
specimens of his attacks upon the state dignitaries, both temporal and spiritual. He was 
an ardent friend of the American revolution, and wrote a history of that transaction which 
is still looked upon as a performance of considerable merit, and no small authority. His 
Sermons to Asses were printed in Philadelphia during the revolution. They present a cn- 
rious specimen of the art of printing at that time, in the American capital. It is some- 
what remarkable that in no Biographical Dictionary that I have consulted, is the name of 
this singular man to be found. As Judge Jeffrey said to the good Richard Baxter when he 
was before him on trial for alleged treason, "You, Richard; have written as many books as 
would till a biuse-cart and every one of these as full of treason as an egg is fall of meat." 
AtrDrdiiig to the English definition of treason, so did Mnrray. The venom he displays in 
his writings leads to the conviction that he was not a good Christian man. 

Western Memorabilia. 



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